GRD Journals- Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | Volume 6 | Issue 4 | March 2021

ISSN- 2455-5703

Automatic Face Recognition Attendance System

using Python and OpenCv
Dr. Asif Ali
Associate Professor
Department of Information Technology
Acropolis Institute of Technology and Research Indore, India

Radhika Mandhanya Shraddha Birla

Student Student
Department of Information Technology Department of Information Technology
Acropolis Institute of Technology and Research Indore, India Acropolis Institute of Technology and Research Indore, India

Ujjwal Mandloi Vipul Jain

Student Student
Department of Information Technology Department of Information Technology
Acropolis Institute of Technology and Research Indore, India Acropolis Institute of Technology and Research Indore, India

Abstract
The conventional attendance system consists of registers marked by teachers which leads to human error and a lot of maintenance.
Time consumption is an important point of concern in this system. We have thought of revolutionize it using available digital tools
in the modern era i.e. FACE RECOGNITION. Our project will ensure more precision and negligible manual work. The project is
revolutionized in order to overcome the problems of conventional system. Face recognition and then marking the attendance is our
project all about. The database of all the students in the class is stored in a folder and when the face of the individual student
matches with one of the faces stored image, attendance is marked else the face is ignored and attendance not marked. In our project,
face recognition (Machine Learning) technology is used .Inside this Histogram of Oriented Gradient for face detection and SVM
Classifier for name recognition is used. The model has an accuracy of 99.38% on the Labelled Faces in the Wild benchmark.[2].
Keywords- Face Detection, Face Recognition, OpenCV, Tkinter etc

I. INTRODUCTION
Attendance plays an important role in any organisation whether it be educational institutions or companies. So it is very important
to keep record of the attendance. The problem arises when one has to manually take the attendance which is not only time
consuming but exhausting as well.
So an automatic attendance system can solve such problem.
Basically, there are two kinds of system:
1) Manual Attendance System (MAS)
2) Automated Attendance System (AAS)
One of AAS system is biometric technique using finger prints, though it is automatic and a step ahead of traditional
method it fails to meet the time and hygiene constraint. But using the biometric features of face solves such problem.[1]Our projects
emphasizes on the features of the face like ears, nose etc.
We used a method invented in 2005 called Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) for face detection.
For identifying the name of person simple linear SVM Classifier is used. All we need to do is train a classifier that can
take in the measurements from a new test image and tells which known person is the closest match. The result is the name of
person which is used to mark attendance.

A. Project Objective
1) Reduce manual process errors by provide automated and a reliable attendance system uses face recognition technology.
2) Admin can manage student (CRUD operations).
3) Produce monthly reports for students (Attendance Sheet).
4) Flexibility, Lectures capability of editing attendance records.
5) Send Email to students regarding important information. (if wanted).

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 Automatic Face Recognition Attendance System using Python and OpenCv
(GRDJE/ Volume 6 / Issue 4 / 001)

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

– Approach for Face Detection and Attendence Using Opencv and Machine learning
The Face detection has been implimented Using a Method Called Histogram of Oriented Gradents In this system students images
are stored in database folder With Students name. when Any person comes in front of camera it captures the image of person and
compares the captured image with images present in database Folder if images matches with any of the image in database folder
then the attendance of the student will be marked and stored in CSV file.
– Marking attendance using face recognition
Automated Attendance system using Face recognition proposes that the system is based on face detection and recognition algorithm
which is used to detect the student face when he/she come in front of camera and then compare the face with the images present
in the folder if the match is found it will mark the attendance. This system has advantage over the traditional system as it saves
time and there is no chance of proxy (that is no other student will mark the attendance of his/her friends).
– Email notification for any Information
Attendance System proposes a feature of Email notification by which users can get details about their attendance through Email
on their respective google account.
S.
Existing System Features Benefits Limitations
no.

Automated attendance
management system using Multiple faces were not
1. Use Eigen faces for Recognition High accuracy
face recognition recognized.
[1]

Face recognition attendance Stores the faces that are detected and Used for security purposes Don’t recognize
2.
system by nevon[2] automatically marks attendance in organizations properly in poor light.

Smart Attendance System Takes pictures through the webcam Cannot mark
Used for marking
using OPENCV based on and create a dataset for users using m attendance of the
3. attendance in schools and
Facial Recognition images. Takes real-time images and student on a remote
[3] colleges.
mark attendance sever database.

Student Registration
Smart Attendance Face Recognition
Management System Using Addition of subject with their In this the data is stored in Required high
4. Face corresponding time. Attendance sheet sorted manner so that it definition camera
Recognition[6] generation and import to Excel can easily accessible
(xlsx) format.

Face detection, Pre-processing, Camera should be

Face Recognition - A Tool for
5. Feature extraction, and Classification High accuracy attached at a specific
Automated Attendance]
stages position

3D face recognition Android phone is

Smart Application For AMS
6. Uses CCTV and Android mobile algorithm is used expensive and detect
Using Face Recognition[8]
one face at time

Multiple face detection

Student Attendance System in Use of Discrete Wavelet Transform Success rate is only
was possible
7. Classroom Using Face and Discrete Cosine Transform. 82%
Recognition Technique[9

The problem of light

Attendance System based on In this Illumination invariant Masked faces were not
intensity problem and
8. Face Recognition using Eigen algorithm is used recognized.
head pose was overcomed.
face and PCA Algorithms [10]

This method is fast and

Attendance System Using Recognition rate is
Open CV python libary is used and secure and have low false
9. Face Recognition and Class lower
Mysql is used for database positive rate.
Monitoring System[11]

Algorithm for Efficient Multiple faces can be Accuracy is low only

Attendance Management: Median filter and skin classification is detected at a time and no 50% faces were
10.
Face Recognition based used special hardware is recognized
approach[12] needed

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 Automatic Face Recognition Attendance System using Python and OpenCv
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III. PROPOSED SYSTEM

The main task of our proposed system is to detect and recognize the image of the student and mark the attendance accordingly in
the excel file. Also can capture the new entries if needed. Further our system can perform all the basic operations like create, read,
delete, edit, search etc. The proposed system is divided into major 3 modules which are as follows:

A. Admin Module
In this module, one has to provide the login credentials which involves id and password which will be matched with the one that
is stored in database.

B. Student Detail Module

Student details like enrollment, name etc can be edited, added, update, delete and can search student based on details.

C. Attendance Module
This will mark the attendance if the face of student match with the database else not.

D. Diagrams

Fig. 1: Block Diagram

Fig. 2: Use Case Diagram

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 Automatic Face Recognition Attendance System using Python and OpenCv
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Fig. 3: Activity Diagram

E. Deployment Requirements
There are various requirements (hardware, software and services) successfully deploy the system. These are mentioned below:

1) Hardware
– 32-bit, x86 Processing system
– Internet connection
– High- definition Camera

2) Software
– Windows 7 or later operating system or digital device for showing page
– Xampp server

IV. IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS

One of OpenCV’s goals is to provide a simple-to-use computer vision infrastructure that helps people build fairly sophisticated
vision applications quickly. The primary technology behind Face recognition is OpenCV. [4]The user stands in front of the camera
keeping a minimum distance of 50cm and his image is taken as an input. The frontal faces are extracted from the image then save
to the file.

A. Technique Used

1) Data Science
Face recognition is a computer technology being used in a variety of applications that identifies human faces in digital images. The
most advanced face recognition method, which is also employed to authenticate users through ID verification services, works by
pinpointing and measuring facial features from a given image. [5]

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 Automatic Face Recognition Attendance System using Python and OpenCv
(GRDJE/ Volume 6 / Issue 4 / 001)

B. Approach
– Take an images from the webcam using Open CV.
– The face recognition model detects the face and save it into the folder.
– At the time of attendance it compares the current faces with the faces saved in the folder.
– If the match is found attendance was marked.

Fig. 4: Face Recognition Approach

C. Image Folder Name

Studentname.jpg

D. Tools Used

1) OpenCV Python
OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision Library) Used for Face Recognition and detection

2) Tkinter
Tkinter is the standard GUI library for Python. Python when combined with Tkinter provides a fast and easy way to create GUI
applications.

3) Xamp Server
XAMPP is a free and opensource webserver developed by Apache Freiens .It is one of the widely used platforms which helps
developers to devlope and test the applications.

4) Numpy
NumPy is a python library used for working with arrays.It also has functions for working in domain of linear algebra, fourier
transform, and matrices.

E. Steps for Face Recognition

– First, look at a picture and find all the faces in it.
– Second, focus on each face and be able to understand that even if a face is turned in a weird direction or in bad lighting, it is
still the same person.
– Third, be able to pick out unique features of the face that you can use to tell it apart from other people - like how big the eyes
are, how long the face is, etc.
– Finally, compare the unique features of that face to all the people you already know to determine the person’s name.

F. Mathematical Model

Where, Ψ= average image,

M= number of images, and Гi= image vector.
Φi = Гi – Ψ
Where, i = 1, 2, 3, …, M.
A = [Φ1, Φ2, Φ3…ΦM]

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 Automatic Face Recognition Attendance System using Python and OpenCv
(GRDJE/ Volume 6 / Issue 4 / 001)

G. Admin Module

Fig. 5: Admin Module

H. Student Detail Module

Fig. 6: Student Details Module

I. Attendance Module

Fig.7: Attendance Module

V. CONCLUSION
In this approach, a face recognition based automated attendance system is thoroughly described. The proposed approach provides
a method to identify the individuals by comparing their input image obtained from image in folder. From this model we can
recognize the faces of students and can mark their attendance automatically in real time without human intervention. The feasibility
of the model can be increased if a cloud can be hired to store details.

A. Limitation of our Work

– The working of this project would become a tedious task for the working on identical twins or we can say that the proposed
idea will not work for two identical twins.

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 Automatic Face Recognition Attendance System using Python and OpenCv
(GRDJE/ Volume 6 / Issue 4 / 001)

– In the system, scanning of genuine person is done using camera, so sometimes it may take large amount of time for configuring
the genuine identity due to the lack of server issue or the failure of the database.
– Unable to recognize face with different angles, image quality, size and light intensity.

VI. FUTURE SCOPE

– The face recognition model would be done more precisely so that maximum accuracy can be achieved.
– Adding each student manually can be a tedious task, despite of this fetching data from excels would be efficient.
– The marked attendance is stored in only one excel, rather different excels for different date can be created.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are very thankful to Dr. Asif Ali Associate Professor IT Dept. for his guidance and continuous encouragement throughout the
project process. We are very thankful to all those people who have helped us directly or indirectly in this project.

REFERENCES
[1] Joseph,jomon, and K.P. Zacharia.”Automated attendance management system using face recognition”.International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
2.11(2013):327-330
[2] https://nevonprojects.com/face-recognition-attendance-system/
[3] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341870242_Smart_Attendance_System_using_OPENCV_based_on_Facial_Recogniton
[4] Face Detection models and softwares | by Achraf KHAZRI | Becoming Human: Artificial Intelligence Magazine(2019)
[5] Uma, K., S. Srilatha, D. Kushal, A. R. Pallavi, and V. Nanda Kumar. "Biometric Attendance Prediction using Face Recognition Method." Indian Journal of
Science and Technology 10, no. 17 (2017).
[6] Kaneez Laila Bhatti1,* , Laraib Mughal1 , Faheem Yar Khuhawar1 , Sheeraz Ahmed Memon “Smart Attendance Management System Using Face
Recognition”EAI Endorsed Transactions on Creative Technologies
[7] Naeema Mohamed Kutty, Shelmy Mathai “Face Recognition - A Tool for Automated Attendance System “International Journals of Advanced Research in
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[8] MuthuKalyani.K, VeeraMuthu.A, “Smart Application for AMS Using Face Recognition”, Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal
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[9] Samuel Lukas, Aditya Rama Mitra, Ririn Ikana Desanti, Dion Krisnadi, “Student Attendance System in Classroom Using Face Recognition Technique”,
International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), Dec 2016
[10] Priyanka Wagh, Jagruti Chaudhari, Roshani Thakare, Shweta Patil, “Attendance System based on Face Recognition using Eigen face and PCA Algorithms”,
International Conference on Green Computing and Internet of Things (ICGCloT), 2015
[11] Prof. Arun Katara, Mr. Sudesh V. Kolhe, Mr. Amar P. Zilpe, Mr. Nikhil D. Bhele, Mr. Chetan J. Bele, “Attendance System Using Face Recognition and
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[12] Naveed Khan Balcoh, M. Haroon Yousaf, Waqar Ahmad and M. Iram Baig, “Algorithm for Efficient Attendance Management: Face Recognition based
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