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This document discusses the digestive system. It identifies key parts of the digestive system including the liver, small intestines, stomach, pancreas, and duodenum. It lists steps in the digestive pathway and terms associated with digestion. It defines different types of digestion including monogastric and ruminant digestion. It also defines key terms related to digestive issues and parts of the digestive system, such as the omentum and mesentery.

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Ellen Grace Dela Peña
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24 views3 pages

Sced 3204B L

This document discusses the digestive system. It identifies key parts of the digestive system including the liver, small intestines, stomach, pancreas, and duodenum. It lists steps in the digestive pathway and terms associated with digestion. It defines different types of digestion including monogastric and ruminant digestion. It also defines key terms related to digestive issues and parts of the digestive system, such as the omentum and mesentery.

Uploaded by

Ellen Grace Dela Peña
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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Name: Ellen Grace T.

Dela Pena Course and Year: B SED- Science 3


Section: Date: May 20, 2021

Exercise 9
The Digestive System
I. Identify the labeled parts.

A. Liver

B. Small Intestines

A. Liver

B. Stomach

C. Pancreas

D. Duodenum

E. Mesentery
II. Digestive System Pathway. Refer to the uploaded PDF in the module.

1. Rectum 14. Lipase


2. Liver 15. Protease
3. Gallbladder 16. Amylase
4. Bile 17. Jejunum
5. Pharynx 18. Descending Colon
6. Large Intestine 19. Stomach
7. Anus 20. Hydrochloric Acid
8. Mouth 21. Proteolytic Enzyme
9. Salivary Secretions 22. Ascending Colon
10. Mucus 23. Ileum
11. Duodenum 24. Esophagus
12. Transverse Colon 25. Small Intestine
13. Pancreas
III. Questions
1. How does a monogastric animal differ from a ruminant?
Answer: The digestion process involves preparing food for absorption by the animal's body. Ruminants
digest food through their four compartments, while monogastric have one compartment.

2. What is a hindgut fermenter? Give an example.


Answer: Hindgut fermenter refers to the enlarged fermentation compartments in the cecum and colon.
The examples of hindgut fermenter are horses, tapirs, rhinoceroses, and elephants.

3. What is the difference between duodenum, jejunum, and ileum upon microscopic examination?
Answer: In the duodenum, the glands of Brunner, extensive mucous glands that are found in the
submucosa, are found exclusively in this segment. The villi of the duodenum are also exceptionally long.
The jejunum is the site of a great deal of nutrient absorption and has the most prominent plicae circularis.
The ileum has the shortest villi and is the site of vitamin B12 absorption. It is characterized by abundant
Peyer's patches, which are clumps of diffuse lymphoid tissue, in the submucosa.

4. Define the following terms:


a. diarrhea- Diarrhea is a condition where the stool is frequently drained and discharged. It can also lead
to dehydration.
b. constipation- Constipation occurs when the stool gets stuck in the gastrointestinal tract and cannot be
easily removed. In severe cases, it can lead to severe symptoms of bowel obstruction.
c. vomiting- An involuntary action involving the stomach contents is called vomiting. It can be done
through the nose or the mouth.
d. regurgitation- When a valve is incompetent, blood flows backwards into the heart or between the
chambers of the heart, similar to the throwing up of undigested food.
e. omentum- A fat sheet that is surrounded by peritoneum. The larger omentum drapes down in front of
the intestines and is linked to the bottom margin of the stomach. The smaller omentum is connected to the
top margin of the stomach and extends to the liver's undersurface.
f. mesentery- A tissue fold that connects organs to the body wall in general. The small bowel mesentery,
which connects the small intestines to the back of the abdominal wall, is commonly referred to as a
mesentery. The mesentery supplies the intestine with blood arteries, nerves, and lymphatics.

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