Booklet-I

ASSIGNMENT BOOKLET

Post Graduate Diploma in Applied Statistics

(Specialisation in Industrial Statistics)

MST-001 to MSTL-002
(Valid from 1st January, 2021 to 31st December, 2021)

It is compulsory to submit the assignments

before filling the Examination Form.

School of Sciences
Indira Gandhi National Open University
Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068
Dear Student,
Please read the information on assignments in the Programme Guide that we have sent you after
your enrolment. A weightage of 30%, as you are aware, has been earmarked for continuous
evaluation, which would consist of one tutor-marked assignment for this course. The
assignments for MST-001 to MSTL-002 have been given in this booklet.
Instructions for Formatting Your Assignments

Before attempting the assignment, please read the following instructions carefully:
1) On top of the first page of your answer sheet, please write the details exactly in the following
format:
ENROLLMENT NO :……………………………………………
NAME :……………………………………………
ADDRESS :……………………………………………
……………………………………………
……………………………………………
PROGRAMME CODE: ………………………..
COURSE CODE: ……………………………….
COURSE TITLE: ………………………………
STUDY CENTRE: ………………………..……. DATE: ……………….………………...

PLEASE FOLLOW THE ABOVE FORMAT STRICTLY TO FACILITATE

EVALUATION AND TO AVOID DELAY.

2) Use only foolscap size writing paper (but not of very thin variety) for writing your answers.
3) Leave 4 cm margin on the left, top and bottom of your answer sheet.

4) Your answers should be precise.

5) This assignment is to be submitted at the Study Centre.

We strongly suggest that you should retain a copy of your answer sheets.
6) This assignment is valid up to December 31, 2021.
7) You cannot fill the Exam Form for this course till you have submitted this assignment. So
solve it and submit it to your study centre at the earliest. If you wish to appear in the
TEE, June 2021, you should submit your TMAs by March 31, 2021. Similarly, If you wish
to appear in the TEE, December 2021, you should submit your TMAs by September 30,
2021.
We wish you good luck.
 TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
MST-001: Foundation in Mathematics and Statistics
Course Code: MST-001
Assignment Code: MST-001/TMA/2021
Maximum Marks: 100
Note: All questions are compulsory. Answer in your own words.
1. State whether the following statements are True or False. Give reason in support of your
answer: (5×2=10)
(a) Intersection of set of rational and irrational numbers is non-empty.

(b) The function x − 2 is differentiable everywhere on the real line.

 3 5 8
(c) The trace of the matrix  −1 7 9  is 130.
 
 0 0 5 

(d) Six persons can sit on six chairs placed around a circular table in 120 numbers of
ways.
(e) The range of the data shown in the following frequency distribution is 70.
Classes 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70

2 7 3 8 4 1 0
Frequencies

2 (a) An institution made a policy for delay of payment beyond a certain date to be paid by its
customers. Penalty as per policy are as follows: Rs 50 for the first day, Rs 100 for the
second day, Rs 150 for the third day, and so on. If a customer makes the payment on a
delay of 31 days then how much he/she has to pay as penalty charges. (4)
(b) If A = {3, 6, 9, 12, ...} and B = {15, 30, 45, ...} then verify whether two sets A and B are
equivalent or not. (3)
(c) Find the sum – 7 + (– 12) + (– 17) + ... + (– 507). (3)
3. (a) Express 5.10.15.20.25.30.35 in terms of factorial.
(b) How many different signals are possible with 4 blue, 3 red, 2 white and 2green flags by
using all at a time in a queue?
(c) If in a hall there are 10 randomly selected students then how many numbers of ways are
there such that all of them have different birthday. Assume that all of them have their
birth day in non-leap years. (2+4+4)
4. Discuss the continuity and differentiability of the following function at x = 5. (5+5)
 x − 5, x5
f (x) = 
0, x =5

5. Evaluate the following integrals:

3

 x e dx x
3
i) 5 x
ii) 2
+ x − 6 dx (5+5)
−4
6. The cost of 2 pens, 3 note-books, and 4 books is Rs 260. The cost of 4 pens, 5 note-books,
and 3 books is Rs 290. The cost of 3 pens, 2 note-books, and 5 books is Rs 320. Find the cost
of 3 pens, 2 note-books and 4 books. You are bound to use the matrix techniques to solve the
given equations. (10)
3 7 6 8 −1 −1 −1
7. (a) If A =   and B =   then verify that (AB) = B A . (10)
 2 5   7 9 
(b) Distinguish characteristic features of each of the four measurement scales: (I) Nominal
(II) Ordinal (III) Interval, and (IV) Ratio Scale. Name the measurement scale for each of
the following variable.
i) Waiting time for a bus at a particular bus stop in a certain city.
ii) Number of pages in a book.
iii) Temperature in degree Celsius.
iv) Classification of cancer patients according to their severity of diseases.
v) Monthly income of the family
vi) Saving (Income in that particular month − expenditure in the same month) of the
family. Keep in mind that expenditure may be more than income in that particular
month of some family(ies)
vii) Temperature of water by touch: cold, lukewarm and hot
viii) Height of students of a class
ix) State of residence of each student of PGDAST programme
x) Balance of Smart card of Delhi Metro hold of different passengers
(10×1=10)
8. (a) Compare the following two ratio scale data sets using suitable graphical analysis tool:
Score before training: 12, 17, 15, 23, 27, 21, 24, 19, 20, 23, 16
Score after training: 16, 22, 20, 24, 30, 20, 30, 17, 27, 31, 19
Also interpret the finding on the basis of the graph.
(b) Comment on the height of a bar in a bar diagram and height of a bin in a histogram. Are
two heights have the same meaning? Explain it with the help of an example.
(10+10)
 TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
MST-002: Descriptive Statistics
Course Code: MST-002
Assignment Code: MST-002/TMA/2021
Maximum Marks: 100
Note: All questions are compulsory. Answer in your own words.
1. State whether the following statements are true or false and also give the reason in support of
your answer: (5×2=10)
a) If standard deviation of x is 5, standard deviation of y = 2x–3 is 7.
b) Mean deviation is least when calculated from the median.
c) The correlation coefficient between x and (a – x) is –1.
d) The regression coefficients byx and bxy of a data are 1.2 and 0.8, respectively.
e) If (AB) = 10, (αB) = 15, (Aβ) = 20 and (αβ) = 30 then A and B are associated.

2. a) Compute coefficient of variation for factory A and B from the following:

Daily Wages (Rs.) : 12 15 17 22 25 30

Workers in Factory A: 5 10 20 35 12 8

Workers in Factory B: 15 25 30 35 21 19

Find: (i) Which factory pays higher average daily wages? (ii) In which factory are wages more
variable?
b) The mean and the standard deviation of a characteristic of 100 items were found to be 60 and 10
respectively. At the time of calculations, two items were wrongly taken as 5 and 45 instead of 30
and 20. Calculate the corrected mean and corrected standard deviation.
(10+6)
3. Calculate the first four moments of the following distribution about the mean and hence
find β1 and β2.

X: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
F: 1 8 28 56 70 56 28 8 1
(14)
4(a) Fit an exponential curve of the from Y = abX to the following data:

X: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Y: 1.0 1.2 1.8 2.5 3.6 4.7 6.6 9.1

(b) In a partially destroyed laboratory, record of an analysis of correlation data, the following
results only are legible:
Variance of X = 9. Regression equations: 8X – 10Y + 66 = 0, 40X – 18Y = 214.
What are: (a) the mean values X and Y, (ii) the correlation coefficient between X and
Y, and (iii) the standard deviation of Y? (8+12)
5 a) The following table gives, according to age, the frequency of marks obtained by 100
students in an intelligence test:

Age in years
→ 18 19 20 21 Total
Marks ↓
10–20 4 2 2 – 8
20–30 5 4 6 4 19
30–40 6 8 10 11 35
40–50 4 4 6 8 22
50–60 – 2 4 4 10
60–70 – 2 3 1 6
Total 19 22 31 28 100

Calculate the Coefficient of Correlation between the Age and Marks. (14)

b) An individual purchases three qualities of pencils. The relevant data are given below.

Quality Price per pencil (Rs.) Money spent (Rs.)

A 1.00 50
B 1.50 30
C 2.00 20

Calculate the average price per pencil. (06)

6(a) An investigation of 23,713 households was made in an urban and rual mixed locality. Of
these 1,618 were farmers, 2,015 well-to-do and 770 families were having at least one
graduate. Of these graduate families 335 were those of farmers and 428 were well-to-do,
also 587 well-to-do families were those of farmers and out of them only 156 were having
at least one of their family members as graduate. Obtain all the ultimate class frequencies.

(b) Investigate the association between darkness of eye-colour in father and son from the
following data:
Fathers with dark eyes and sons with dark eyes: 50
Fathers with dark eyes and sons with not dark eyes: 79
Fathers with not dark eyes and sons with dark eyes: 89
Fathers with not dark eyes and sons with not dark eyes: 782
Also tabulate for comparison the frequencies that would have been observed had there
been no heredity. (8+12)
 TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
MST-003: Probability Theory
Course Code: MST-003
Assignment Code: MST-003/TMA/2021
Maximum Marks: 100

Note: All questions are compulsory. Answer in your own words.

1. State whether the following statements are True or False and also give the reason in support
of your answer. (5×2=10)
1 3 7 5
(a) If P(A c ) = , P ( Bc ) = and P(A  B) = , then P(A  B) = .
4 16 8 16
(b) Two cards are drawn one at a time from a 52-card standard deck. Then the probability that
the second card is red, if the drawing is done with replacement is 1/2.
(c) If standard deviation of a random variable X is 3 and Y = − 5X − 10 then SD (Y) = − 85.

(d) If X is a continuous random variable then P[a  X  b]  P[a  X  b].

1 1 1
(e) If a random variable X may assume values 1, , , , ... then it cannot be discrete random
2 3 4
variable.
2. Roll two fair dice, one red and one blue, and consider the events:
A: “The red die lands on 4”,
B: “The sum on the dice is 9” and
C: “The blue die lands on an odd number”.
Determine which pairs of events are independent. (10)
3. (a) An urn contains 10 white marbles, 15 blue marbles, and 20 red marbles. Five marbles are
selected, one at a time, with replacement. Find the probability that at least one color will
be missing from the 5 selected marbles.
(b) There are three coins in a box. When tossed, one of the coins comes up heads only 30%
of the time, one of the coins is fair, and the third comes up heads 80% of the time. A coin
is selected at random from the box and tossed three times. If two heads and a tail come up
in this order (HHT) what is the probability that the coin was the fair coin? (5+5)
4. (a) A fair die is tossed. If the resulting number is even, you add 1 to your score and get that
many rupees. If the resulting number is odd, you add 2 to your score and get that many
rupees. If X denotes the random variable counting your gain in rupees, then write
probability distribution of X. (5)
(b) A hand of three cards is chosen from a standard deck of 52 cards. You get Rs 3 for each
heart in your hand. If X denotes the random variable measuring your gain, then find
expected value of X. (5)
5. A coin is biased so that heads appears with probability 2/3 and tails with probability 1/3.
This coin is tossed three times. If X denotes the number of heads occurring and Y denotes
the number of tails that occur up to the first head, if any, that appears, then determine
i) the joint probability mass function of X and Y.
ii) marginal probability mass functions of the random variables
iii) P[X  1 | Y  1] (6+2+2)

6. (a) In a certain book, there is one misprint per two pages, on the average. What is the
probability that there are two or more misprints on a randomly chosen page? (5)
(b) An insurance company models the number of days elapsing between the beginning of a
calendar year and the moment a high-risk driver gets into an accident by means of an
exponential random variable with parameter  . If they expect that 10% of the high-risk
drivers will get into an accident during the first 30 days of the calendar year, find the
probability that a high-risk driver will get into an accident during the first 40 days of a
calendar year. (5)
7. (a) A drunk has five keys on his key chain, and only one will open the front door of his
house. He tries each key until he finds the right one. Assume that he is so drunk that he
may repeat the wrong key any number of times. On average how many trials he will
make to open the front lock of his house. (10)
(b) In a certain game, Ravi beats Pawan with probability 2/5. They play a series of games until
one of them wins six games. Assume that each game is independent of the other. Find the
probability that the series will end after 10 games. (10)
8. (a) A hospital specialises in heart surgery. During the year 2018-19, 2000 patients were
admitted for treatment. Average payment made by a patient was Rs. 120000 with a
standard deviation of Rs 25000. Assuming the distribution of payments to normal, find:

i) The number of patients who paid between Rs. 1,00,000 and Rs. 1,75,000.
ii) The probability that a patient’s bill exceeds Rs. 75,000
iii) The maximum amount paid by the lowest paying one-third patient.

(b) The menstrual cycle in woman following normal distribution has a mean of 28 days
and S.D. of 2 days. How frequently would you expect a menstrual cycle of
i) More than 30 days ii) Less than 22 days
(10+10)
 TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
MST-004: Statistical Inference
Course Code: MST-004
Assignment Code: MST-004/TMA/2021
Maximum Marks: 100

Note: All questions are compulsory. Answer in your own words.

1. State whether the following statements are True or False. Give reason in support of your
answer: (5×2=10)
(a) If the probability density function of a random variable X follows F-distribution is
1
f (x) = ,x  0
(1 + x ) 2
then degrees of freedom of the distribution will be (2,2).
(b) If X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5 is a random sample of size 5 taken from an Exponential
distribution, then estimator T1 is more efficient than T2.
X1 + X 2 + X 3 + X 4 + X 5 X + 2X 2 + 3X 3 + 4X 4 + 5X 5
T1 = , T2 = 1
5 15
(c) If a researcher wants to half the standard error of the estimator of the mean then he/she
will increase the sample size 4 times.
(d) For testing the pulse rate of one month old child is to be 120 per minute, a researcher
measures (per minute) the pulse rate of 10 one month old children and applies sign test and
Wilcoxon signed-rank test, then power of the Wilcoxon signed-rank test is more than the
sign test.
(e) The Z calculated value for testing the following hypothesis is 1.56.
H0 :  = 100 and H1 :   100
Then the p-value will be 0.256.
2 The lifespan (in ‘000 hours) of four LED bulbs of 07 watts are as follows:
40,46,48, 50
(i) Write all samples of size 2without replacement from the above observations. Compute
the sampling distribution and find mean and standard error of the distribution.
(ii) Write all samples of size 3 without replacement from the above observations. Compute
the sampling distribution and find mean and standard error of the distribution.
(iii) Compare means and standard errors and draw the conclusion. (4+4+2)
3. An ambulance agency claims that the mean length of service times is 10 minutes with standard
deviation 3 minutes. An investigator suspects that this claim is wrong. She takes a random
sample of 20 services and finds the mean length of service times is 12 minutes with a SD 5
minutes. Assume that the service time of the ambulance follows normal distribution.
(i) What is the probability that the mean length of service times is less than and equal to
12minutes?
(ii) Find 99% confidence interval for standard deviation of the mean length of service times.
(5+5)
4. The department of transportation has mandated that the average speed of cars no interstate
highways be no more than 70 km per hours in order. To check that the people follow it or not,
a researcher took a random sample of 186 cars and found that the average speed was 68 km
per hours with a standard deviation 0.6 km per hours.
(a) Find the standard error of the mean
(b) Construct the interval around the sample mean that would contain the population mean
95% of the time.
(c) If the researcher wants to test that the true mean speed on its highways is 70 km per hours
or less with 95% confidence then
(i) State null and alternative hypotheses
(ii) Name the test which is suitable in this situation and why?
(iii)Calculate the value of test statistic and critical value.
(iv) Draw the conclusion on the basis of the applied test. (1+3+6)
5.(a) In a trial, the null hypothesis is that an individual is innocent of a certain crime. Would the
legal system prefer to commit a type-1 or type-II error with this hypothesis?
(b) A coal-fired power plant is considering two different systems for pollution abatement. The
first system has reduced the emission of pollutants to acceptable levels 68 percent of the
time, as determined from 200 air samples. The second, more expensive system has reduced
the emission of pollutants to acceptable levels 76 percent of the time, as determine from
250 air samples. If the expensive system is significantly more effective than the
inexpensive system in reducing pollutants to acceptable levels, then the management of the
power plant will install the expensive system. To decide that
(i) State null and alternative hypotheses
(ii) Name the test which is suitable in this situation and why?
(iii)Calculate the value of test statistic and critical value.
(iv) Which system will be installed if management uses a significance level 0.01 in making
decision? (3+7)
6. A newspaper publisher, trying to pinpoint his market’s characteristics wondered whether
newspaper readership in the community is related to readers’ educational achievement. A
survey questioned adults in the area on their level of education and their frequency of
readership. The results are shown in the following table:

Frequency of Level of Educational Achievement

Readership
Professional or College High school Did not
postgraduates graduates grad complete high
school

Never 10 17 11 21
Sometimes 12 23 8 5
Morning or evening 35 38 16 7
Both editions 28 19 6 13

Do these data provide the sufficient evidence that frequency of newspaper readership in the
community differ according to the reader’s level of education?
 (i) Calculate expected frequencies for this problem
(ii) State null and alternative hypotheses.
(iii)Calculate the value if the test statistic.
(iv) At the 5% significance level, what is your conclusion? (3+2+3+2)
7. If magnitude of earthquakes recorded in a region of a country follows a distribution with
parameter θ whose pdf is given below:
1 −t / 
f (t) = te , t  0,   0
2
then
(i) Show that the estimators of the parameter θ using maximum likelihood and method of
moments are same,
(ii) Show that maximum likelihood estimator is unbiased and sufficient for the parameter θ.
(10+10)
8. A chemist developing insect repellents wishes to know if a newly developed formula gives
greater protection from insect bites than that given by the leading product on the market. In the
experiment, 14 volunteers each had one arm spayed with the old product and the other sprayed
with the new formula. Then each subject placed his arms into two chambers filled with equal
number of mosquitoes, gnats and other biting insects. The numbers of bites received on each
arm are as follows:
Subject Old formula New formula Subject Old formula New formula
1 5 3 8 4 2
2 2 1 9 2 5
3 5 5 10 6 2
4 4 1 11 5 3
5 3 1 12 7 3
6 6 4 13 4 1
7 2 4 14 3 2

To test the new formula is more effective than the old one:
(i) State null and alternative hypotheses
(ii) Can you apply both parametric and non-parametric tests in this problem and why?
(iii)Write the assumptions to apply the suitable parametric test.
(iv) Apply the parametric test by assuming the assumptions write in part (iii) are fulfilled and
write the conclusion.
(v) Apply the non-parametric test and write the conclusion.
(vi) Compare the conclusions drawn in parts (iv) and (v). (2+2+2+6+6+2)
 TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT

MST-005: Statistical Techniques

Course Code: MST-005
Assignment Code: MST-005/TMA/2021
Maximum Marks: 100
Note: All questions are compulsory. Answer in your own words.
1. State whether the following statements are true or false and also give the reason in support
of your answer: (2×5=10)
a) Vopt (x st ) lies between Vprop ( x st ) and VRandom ( x st ).

b) In cluster sampling the variance within clusters is greater than the variance between
clusters.
c) While analysing the data of a 5 × 5 Latin Square design the error d.f.is equal to 12.
d) In a Two way analysis of variance with 4 blocks & 4 treatments the degree of freedom
for the total variation is 15.
e) Suppose a random number generated by Middle. Square Method is 16, then the next
random number will be 44.

2(a) Explain by considering a sample of size n = 2 from a population consisting of five

members 2, 3, 6, 8, 11 that SRSWOR gives a better estimator of population mean that
SRSWR. (6)
(b) From the following data find mean and variance of the stratified sampling under (i)
proportional and (ii) Neyman Allocation
Strata Ni ni Si yi
1 80 29 12 80
2 160 39 8 30
3 260 32 4 10
500 100
(6)
3(a) In a population of size N = 5, the values of the population characteristics are 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, a
sample of size 2 is drawn. Verify that y is an unbiased estimate of Y and V( y) is equal to
N−n 2
V ( y) = S . (10)
N.n
(b) In order to compare the mileage yields of 3 kinds of gasoline, several tests were run and
the following results were obtained:
Gasoline A: 19 21 20 18 21 21
Gasoline B: 23 20 22 20 24 23

Gasoline C: 20 17 21 19 20 17
Carry out the analysis of variance test and test whether the observed differences between
the means of 3 kinds of gasoline may be attributed to chance at 5% level of significance.
 (7)
4. A manurial trial with six levels of Farm Yard. Manure (FYM) was carried out in a
randomised block design with 4 replications at the experimental station Junagarh with a
new study the rate of decomposition of organic matters in soil and its synthetic capacity in
soil on cotton crop. The yield per plot in kg for different levels of FYM and replications is
given below:
Cotton Yield Per Plot (in Kg)
Levels of Replications
FYM I II III IV
1 6.90 4.60 4.40 4.81
2 6.48 5.57 4.28 4.45
3 6.52 7.60 5.30 5.30
4 6.90 6.65 6.75 7.75
5 6.00 6.18 6.50 5.50
6 7.90 7.57 6.80 6.62
Carry out the Analysis of variance test and draw the conclusions. (10)
5. In the following data two values are missing. Estimate these values and analyse the
design given as:
Blocks
Treatment
I II III
A 12 14 12
B 10 y 8
C x 15 10
(7)
6. The following data is the data pertaining to a feeding trial on sheep. Treatments
A: Grazing only
B: Grazing + Maize Supplements
C: Grazing + Maize + Protein Supplement P1
D: Grazing + Maize + Protein Supplement P2
E: Grazing + Maize + Protein Supplement P3
Layout and Wool Yield (100 gm) is given as:
32(D) 33(E) 30(C) 28(B) 24(A)
51(C) 45(D) 41(A) 45(E) 29 (B)
41 (E) 29 (A) 24 (B) 36 (D) 35 (C)
38 (B) 39(C) 42(E) 23(A) 37(D)
38(A) 24(B) 21(D) 29(C) 26(E)

i) Analyse the design with appropriate method and calculate the CD for the treatment mean
yield.
ii) Calculate the relative efficiencies of the above L.S.D over R.B.D and C.R.D.
 (10)
7. For a factorial experiment with 3 factors, N, P and M each at two levels, the design and
yield per plot are given below. Analyse the experiment.

np nm pm (1)
Block – 1
48.81 58.88 46.11 38.62
m p npm n
40.49 32.75 61.55 55.07

np pm (1) nm
Block – 2
50.43 52.31 40.26 49.62
m p npm n
32.36 51.94 48.89 53.86

n npm p m
Block – 3
47.37 46.87 37.25 46.94
pm (1) nm np
39.30 39.23 49.93 51.43
(14)
8(a) Times between successive crashes of a computer system were generated for a 6-months
period and are given in increasing order as follows (time in hours):
1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 52, 63, 70, 80, 90, 100, 102, 130, 140, 190, 210, 266, 310, 530,590, 640,
1340.
The value of parameter α and Mean (1/α) is given as 0.00435 and 230 hrs, respectively.
Use kolmogrov-Smirnov test to examine the goodness of fit of exponential distribution.
(b) Generate ten uniform random numbers U(0, 1) from the multiplicative LCG given below:
x i = (5 x i−1 ) mod 32 with x 0 = 1
Also obtain a sequence of heads and tails using above generated random numbers.
(10+10)
 TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
MSTE-001: Industrial Statistics-I
Course Code: MSTE-001
Assignment Code: MSTE-001/TMA/2021
Maximum Marks: 100
Note: All questions are compulsory. Answer in your own words.
1. State whether the following statements are True or False. Give reason in support of your
answer: (5×2=10)
(a) Twenty pieces of different length of cloth contained 2, 4, 1, 3, 5, 4, 2, 7, 3, 5, 2, 2, 4, 5, 6,
4, 2, 1, 2, 4 defects respectively. To check the process is under control with respect to the
number of defects, we should use p-chart.
32
(b) If density function of the time to failure of an appliance is f ( t ) = ; t  0 then
( t + 4)3
reliability of the appliance for two years will be 0.444.
(c) If the probabilities are associated with the occurrence of different states of nature, then the
situation is known as decision making under uncertainty.
(d) If there are 1% defectives notes of Rs.500 in a lot of 10000 notes of Rs 500, then the lot
quality will be 99%.
(e) A system has four components connected in parallel configuration with reliability 0.2, 0.5,
0.4, 0.6. To improve the reliability of the system, we have to replace the weakest
component to the more reliable component.
2. (a) A company manufactures water pumps. The quality control inspector of the company
takes a sample of 100 water pumps at regular intervals. The numbers of defective pumps
for 15 samples are given below:

Sample Defective Sample Defective Sample No. Defective

No. Pumps No. Pumps Pumps

1 5 6 0 11 6

2 6 7 4 12 1

3 3 8 8 13 10

4 2 9 2 14 2

5 1 10 2 15 1

Use the data to construct a suitable chart. Observe the results and comment on the control
of the process as indicated by the chart. (5)
(b) A restaurant produces fresh burgers for its customers every day. The company is known
for supplying fresh burgers and never uses burgers prepared on the previous day. Demand
for burgers is uncertain, preparation capacity is limited, and the restaurant has the option
of producing 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 burgers every day. It has been estimated that the
cost of producing each burgers pack is Rs.15. Each burger is sold for Rs. 20. Prepare a
payoff matrix when 0, 100, 200, 300 or 400 demands of the burgers turn up on any given
day. Prepare an opportunity loss table and hence find the optimum strategy. (5)
3. A leather bag manufacturing company supplies bags in lots of size 200 to a buyer. A sample
of 2 begs is drawn and the corresponding lot is accepted if and only if both begs are non-
defective. The company and the buyer decide that AQL = 0.04 and LTDD = 0.10. If there are
15 defective bags in each lot, compute the

i) Probability of accepting the lot,

ii) Producer’s risk and consumer’s risk,
iii) AOQ, if the rejected lots are screened and all defective bags are replaced by non-
defectives, and
iv) Average total inspection. (2+4+2+2)

4. An office supply company ordered a lot of 400 printers. When the lot arrives the company
inspector will randomly inspect 12printers. If more than three printers in the sample are non-
conforming, the lot will be rejected. If fewer than two printers are non-conforming, the lot will
be accepted. Otherwise, a second sample of size 10 will be taken. Suppose the inspector finds
two non-conforming printers in the first sample and two in the second sample. Also AQL and
LTPD are 0.05 and 0.10 respectively. Let incoming quality be 4%.
i) What type of acceptance plan is used here?
ii) What is the probability of accepting the lot at the first sample?
iii) What is the probability of accepting the lot at the second sample? (2+3+5)

5. A person has two independent investments A and B, but he can undertake only one at a time
due to certain constraints. He can choose A first and then stop, or if A is successful, then take
B or vice-versa. The probability of success of A is 0.6 while for B it is 0.4. Both investments
require an initial capital outlay of Rs. 10,000 and both return nothing if the venture is
unsuccessful. Successful competition of A will return Rs. 20,000 (over cost) and successful
completion of B will return Rs. 24,000 (over cost). Draw an appropriate decision tree and
determine the best strategy. (10)
6. Two breakfast food manufacturers X and Y are competing for an increase market share. The
payoff matrix, shown in the following table, describes the increase in the market share for X
and decrease in the market share of Y.
X Y
Give Coupons Decrease Price Maintain Present Increase
Strategy Advertising
Give Coupons 10 ̶ 10 20 5
Decrease Price 30 5 60 15
Maintain Present ̶ 15 10 0 30
Strategy
Increase 10 ̶ 15 35 5
Advertising

i) Check whether saddle point exit or not.

ii) If saddle point does not exit then determine optimal strategies for both the manufacturers
and value of the game. (2+8)
7. (a) A system has eight independent components and reliability block diagram of it shown
blow.

Components 1, 2 and 3 are not identical and at least two components of this group must be
available for system success. The reliability of component 1 to 8 (for a mission 1 year) is
given below:
R 6 = R 7 = R 8 = 0.80 , R1 = 0.60 , R 2 = 0.40, R 3 = R 5 = 0.50 and R 4 = 0.60.
Find reliability of the system. (10)
(b) A system having Weibull failure distribution with pdf as
 1 t /
 e ; t  0,   0
f (t) =  
0 ;otherwise

then
i) Compute the reliability function of the system,
ii) Find the hazard rate,
iii) Find the MTTF, and
iv) What is the life of the system if reliability of 0.90 is desired? (3+2+2+3)

8. Twelve samples of 4 LED bulbs were selected at regular intervals from a LED bulbs
manufacturing company. If bulbs have mean life equal to 2000 hours, it is considered
satisfactory. The SD of life of the bulbs is expected to be 520 hours. On testing the samples,
the failure times (in hours) were recorded and given below:
Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2081 1528 1984 1728 1804 2002 1994 1616 1982 2132 2134 1749
1363 1330 2384 1972 1845 1804 2023 1832 2342 1998 2140 1948
2092 2053 2194 1647 2132 1760 2136 1497 2132 1554 1756 2050
2385 1945 1456 1792 2024 2035 1842 1692 1994 1777 1994 1857
i) Prepare control chart for mean when the mean life and SD of the life of the LED bulbs
are known and draw the conclusion.
ii) If mean and SD of the life of the LED bulbs are to be unknown, then prepare the control
charts for mean and variability. If process is out of control then calculate the revised
control limits.
iii) If specification limits as the 2000±SD, then find the process capability. Does it appear
that the manufacturing process is capable of meeting the specification requirements?

(4+12+4)
 TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
MSTE-002: Industrial Statistics-II
Course Code: MSTE-002
Assignment Code: MSTE-002/TMA/2021
Maximum Marks: 100
Note: All questions are compulsory. Answer in your own words.
1. State whether the following statements are true or false and also give the reason in support
of your answer. (2×5=10)
a) If the arrival rate is 12 per hour and service rate is 4 per hour, then the probability of no
customer in queue is 0.3.
b) If the coefficient of determination is 0.833, the number of observations and independent
variables are 12 and 3, respectively, then Adjusted R2 will be 0.84.
c) The Set $ ={(x, y) : 0 ≤ y ≤ 5 when 0 ≤ x≤ 2 and 3≤ y≤ 5 when 2≤ x ≤ 7 } is not a convex
set.
d) The solution to a transportation problem with 3-rows (supplies) and 3-columns
(destinations) is feasible if number of positive allocations is 6.
e) Variations which occur due to natural forces and operate in a regular and periodic manner
over a span of less than or equal to one year are termed as cyclic variations.
2. Solve the following LPP using simplex method:
Maximize Z = 10 x1 + x2 + 2x3
Subject to the constraints:
4x1 + x2 – 6x3 = 7
6x1+ x2 – 4x3 ≤ 5
3 x1 – x2 – x3 ≤ 0

x1, x2, x3 ≥ 0 (10)

3. Let X is the advertisement expenditures (in Lakh Rs.) and Y is the sales (in Lakh Rs.). Let
the data are
X: 1182 1172 1264 1493 1571 1711 1804 1840 1956 1954
Y: 129 135 147 160 171 184 198 223 240 293

Estimate the parameters and find the estimated linear equation. Whether the advertisement
influences the sale of product? Test and comment on the goodness of fit of the model. (10)
4. a) The production department for a company requires 3600 kg of raw material for
manufacturing a particular item per year. It has been estimated that the cost of placing an
order is Rs 36 and the cost of carrying inventory is 25 percent of the investment in the
inventories. The price is Rs10 per kg. The purchase manager wishes to determine an
ordering policy for raw material.
 b) Arrivals at telephone booth are considered to be Poisson with an average time of 10
minutes between are arrival and the next. The length of phone call is assumed to be
distributed exponentially with mean 3 minutes.
i) What is the probability that a person arriving at the booth will have to wait?
ii) The telephone department will install a second booth when convinced that an arrival
would expect waiting for at least 3 minutes for phone call. By how much should the
flow of arrivals increases in order to justify a second booth?
iii) What is the average length of the queen that forms from time to time?
iv) What is the probability that it will take him or her more than 10 minutes altogether to
wait for the phone and complete his or her call?
(6+6)
5. The annual sales revenue (in lakhs of Rs) of a product as a function of sales force
(number of salesmen) and annual adverting expenditure (in Thousands of Rs) for the past
10 years are summarised in following table:
Annual Sales Sales Force X1 Annual Advertising
Revenue Y(in (in Number) Expenditure X2 (in
Lakhs) Thousand)
100 40 140
115 65 115
125 40 190
135 90 80
105 115 100
145 80 140
110 50 115
120 60 150
135 70 130
175 100 160
Obtain a regression model to forecast the annual sales revenue of the product using Matrix
Method. (10)
6. A solicitors’ firm employs typists on hourly price-rate basis for their daily work. There are
five typists and their charges and speed are different. According to an earlier understanding
only one job is given to one typist and the typist is paid for a full hour even if he works for a
fraction of an hour. Find the least cost allocation for the following data:
Typist Jobs
P Q R S T
A 85 75 65 125 75
B 90 78 66 132 78
C 75 66 57 114 69
D 80 72 60 120 72
E 76 64 56 112 68
(10)
7. a) Obtain seasonal Indices by the “Moving average” method from the following data:
Quarterly output of a Factory
Year I II III IV
2010 65 58 56 61
2011 68 63 63 67
2012 70 59 56 52
2013 60 55 51 58
(12)
(b) For the following Auto regressive model
X t = 0.7X t −1 − 0.4 X t −2 + a t
i) Verify whether the series is Stationary
ii) Obtain k : k = 1, 2 ,3, 4 and 5
Plot the Correlogram. (08)
8. a) A company has three production factories S1, S2 and S3 with production capacity of 7,
9 and 18 units (in 100 s) per week of a product, respectively. These units are to be
shipped to four warehouses D1, D2, D3 and D4 with requirements of 5, 8, 7 and 14 units
(in 100’s) per week, respectively. The transportation costs (in rupees) per unit between
factories to ware houses are given in table below.
Warehouses
D1 D2 D3 D4 Capacity
Factories

S1 19 30 50 10 7
S2 70 30 40 60 9
S3 40 8 70 20 18

Demand 5 8 7 14 34
Obtain the initial basic solution using LC Method and also obtain the optimum solution
using MODI method. (12)
b) Twenty-five successive observations on a stationary time series are given as follows:
30, 33, 32, 27, 25, 28, 29, 31, 35, 34, 38, 31, 23, 24, 34, 36, 29, 32, 38, 27, 22, 29, 20, 40,
37.
Calculate r1, r2, ....., r10 and plot the correlogram. (06)
 TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
MSTL-001: Basic Statistics Lab
Course Code: MSTL-001
Assignment Code: MSTL-001/TMA/2021
Maximum Marks: 100
Note:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Solve the following questions in MS Excel 2007.
3. Take the screenshots of the final output/spreadsheet.
4. Paste all screenshots in the assignment booklet with all necessary hypotheses,
interpretation, etc.
Q 1) A mobile manufacturing company distributed a newly launched mobile to 100 retail
stores. These stores also sell another famous brand of mobile having same features. The
manager of the company wants to compare the popularity of the newly launched mobile
(say, Brand A) with the other popular mobile (say, Brand B). For this purpose, she selects
a sample of 100 stores and noted the total number of sold mobiles of each brand. The data
are recorded in the following table:

Store No. Brand A Brand B Store No. Brand A Brand B

1 204 462 51 521 239
2 328 454 52 327 284
3 262 211 53 531 225
4 364 284 54 490 175
5 478 168 55 427 365
6 368 304 56 310 384
7 506 162 57 433 182
8 362 328 58 313 505
9 151 484 59 424 270
10 371 256 60 295 183
11 522 159 61 288 463
12 328 362 62 239 517
13 532 178 63 244 435
14 491 230 64 270 495
15 428 392 65 224 449
16 311 322 66 484 440
17 434 349 67 173 418
18 314 339 68 256 498
19 425 312 69 416 410
20 296 446 70 233 546
21 289 352 71 323 409
22 240 467 72 279 529
23 245 392 73 340 214
24 271 293 74 464 262
25 225 500 75 383 216
26 485 239 76 423 461
27 174 283 77 351 497
 28 257 380 78 404 271
29 417 295 79 226 475
30 234 466 80 164 511
31 324 365 81 205 274
32 280 449 82 329 295
33 341 189 83 263 326
34 465 218 84 365 157
35 384 530 85 479 368
36 424 321 86 369 256
37 352 485 87 507 272
38 405 369 88 363 226
39 227 457 89 163 334
40 165 420 90 372 218
41 203 293 91 523 184
42 327 315 92 329 437
43 261 399 93 533 206
44 363 409 94 492 177
45 477 213 95 429 173
46 367 256 96 177 502
47 505 190 97 435 406
48 361 238 98 315 358
49 161 495 99 426 381
50 370 428 100 297 408

Answer the following:

i) Which mobile brand has more average sales?
ii) Which mobile brand shows greater variability in the sales?
iii) Compute the skewness and kurtosis for the given data and interpret the results.
iv) Determine the correlation between both mobiles.
v) Compute suitable width of the class intervals for both brands,
vi) Construct the continuous frequency distribution for both brands.
vii) Represent the raw data as well as grouped data using suitable diagram/graph.
(2+4+4+3+2+4+6)
Q 2 (i) Twenty operators are working in a particular department of a call centre. The long-
serving operators feel that they should have a promotion based on length of service built
into their job structure. For assessment of their efficiency, the personnel department
produces a score of efficiency based on various parameters. The efficiency scores along
with their length of service are given below:

S. No. Length of Service Efficiency Scores

1 2 72
2 9 90
3 5 74
4 9 88
5 4 70
 6 5 77
7 6 77
8 5 78
9 7 87
10 6 80
11 4 72
12 8 83
13 8 84
14 7 84
15 8 85
16 7 90
17 3 69
18 5 89
19 7 90
20 5 79
Compute the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between the length of service and
efficiency scores? Also compare this coefficient with Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

(ii) A scientist wants to check the yield of wheat from different varieties of wheat. In this
regards, the yields of wheat from 16 plots, all of approximately equal fertility, when 4
varieties of wheat (Say, A, B, C and D) were cultivated are recorded in the following
table:
Plot No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Variety: A B D C B C A D
Yield: 42 44 39 41 43 44 44 36
Plot No.: 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Variety: B D A C B A B C
Yield: 46 40 43 45 47 45 45 42
Assuming that the yields of wheat are normally distributed in each variety with
approximately equal variances, test the hypothesis that the average yields of wheat in all
four varieties of wheat are the same at 1% level of significance.
(12+13)
Q3 For the data given in Question 1, the manager also wishes to compare both brands to get
the answers of the following questions:

i) Is there enough evidence that the average sales of mobile of Brand A is more than the
average sales of the Brand B at 5 % level of significance?
ii) Are the variances of the distributions of mobiles of Brand A and Brand B equal at 5 %
level of significance?
(13+12)
Q4 Suppose that a customer service manager of a mall wants to evaluate the service of the
eight food counters in the mall. She/he hires seven evaluators with varied experience in
food-service evaluation to act as raters. To reduce the effect of the variability from rater
to rater, a randomised block design is applied considering raters serving as the blocks.
The seven raters evaluate the service of each of the eight food counters in a random
order. A rating scale from 0 (low) to 100 (high) is used. The following table summarises
the results:

Food Counters
Raters A B C D E F G H
1 70 61 82 74 68 59 80 81
2 77 75 88 76 75 73 86 87
3 76 67 90 80 74 65 82 88
4 80 63 87 76 78 61 85 86
5 84 66 92 84 82 64 90 91
6 78 68 94 86 76 66 80 92
7 77 75 88 76 75 73 86 84

The effect of evaluation of each rater on the service of food counters is normally
distributed with approximately equal variances.

i) Analyse the design at 2% level of significance.

ii) Is the average service of the eight food counters significantly different? If the
difference between the averages services of the eight restaurants is significant, do the
pair-wise comparison between them.
(25)
 TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
MSTL-002: Industrial Statistics Lab
Course Code: MSTL-002
Assignment Code: MSTL-002/TMA/2021
Maximum Marks: 100
Note:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Solve the following questions in MS Excel 2007.
3. Take the screenshots of the final output/spreadsheet.
4. Paste all screenshots in the assignment booklet with all necessary hypotheses,
interpretation, etc.

Q1 The marketing manager of a transportation network company offering taxi services in a

metro city wanted to study the waiting times of customers to get a taxi during the peak
hours. A subgroup of 15 customers was selected (one at each ten minutes interval during
the hour) and the time in minutes was measured from the point each customer booked the
taxi to when he or she began the trip. The results of 40 days period were as under.

Sample No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Obs. 1 8.7 6.6 6.7 5.6 6.9 8.2 7.3 5.7
Obs. 2 6.4 6.3 7.5 8.7 7.1 6.7 8.8 8.1
Obs. 3 8.8 7.3 9.5 7.1 10 7.2 7.1 5.2
Obs. 4 6.1 6.7 8.1 9.1 7.5 7.1 8.7 8.5
Obs. 5 8.6 8.5 9.3 6.9 9.8 7.1 8.9 7
Obs. 6 5.6 5.5 7.5 7.9 6.3 6.9 8 7.3
Obs. 7 8 7.9 8.7 6.3 9.2 6.5 8.3 4.4
Obs. 8 5.3 5.9 7.3 8.3 6.7 8 7.9 7.7
Obs. 9 5.8 5.8 7.7 8.1 6.5 7.7 8.2 7.5
Obs. 10 8.2 8.1 8.9 6.5 9.4 6.7 8.5 6.3
Obs. 11 5.5 6.1 7.5 8.5 6.9 6.5 8.1 7.9
Obs. 12 8.1 7.9 8.8 6.3 9.2 8.6 8.3 6.4
Obs. 13 6.5 6.4 8.7 9.1 7.3 6.8 8.9 8.4
Obs. 14 9.3 9.2 10.1 7.3 10.7 7.5 8.9 5
Obs. 15 6.1 6.8 8.4 9.6 7.7 7.3 9.2 8.9

Sample No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Obs. 1 9.3 9 9 5.8 7.1 6 8.5 6.7
Obs. 2 8.5 8.2 7.2 7.9 7.7 7.3 10.7 8
Obs. 3 7.5 5.4 7.2 8.5 9.1 8 6.4 6.5
Obs. 4 8.7 8.6 7.7 8.3 8.5 7.7 11.1 8.4
Obs. 5 8.1 7.3 7 8.3 7.5 7.9 6.2 6.3
Obs. 6 7.8 7.4 6.5 7.1 8.6 6.5 9.9 7.2
Obs. 7 8.4 6.7 6.4 7.7 7.8 7.2 5.6 5.7
Obs. 8 7.3 7.8 6.9 7.5 8.1 6.9 10.3 7.6
 Obs. 9 8.1 7.6 6.7 7.3 8.8 6.7 10.1 7.4
Obs. 10 8.6 4.8 6.6 8 8 7.5 5.8 5.9
Obs. 11 8.2 8 7.1 7.8 8.3 7.1 10.5 7.8
Obs. 12 7.5 4.6 6.4 7.8 8.8 7.3 5.6 5.8
Obs. 13 9.1 8.6 7.5 8.2 10 7.5 11.5 8.3
Obs. 14 9.7 7.7 7.4 9 9 8.4 6.5 6.6
Obs. 15 8.4 9.1 7.9 8.7 7.8 8 11.9 8.8

Sample No. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Obs. 1 8.6 6.3 6.6 5.5 6.8 8.1 7.2 5.6
Obs. 2 5.6 6.9 8.5 8.6 7 6.6 8.7 8
Obs. 3 8.7 8.6 7.5 7 9.9 7.1 9 5.1
Obs. 4 6 5.2 8.6 9 7.4 7 7.9 8.4
Obs. 5 8.5 8.4 6.8 6.8 9.7 7 8.8 6.9
Obs. 6 6.6 5.4 7.6 7.8 6.2 8 7.9 7.2
Obs. 7 7.9 7.8 8.6 6.2 9.1 6.4 8.2 4.3
Obs. 8 5.2 5.8 7.8 8.2 6.6 6.2 7.1 7.6
Obs. 9 5 6.4 7.8 8 6.4 6 8.1 7.4
Obs. 10 8.1 8 8.8 6.4 9.3 6.6 8.4 4.5
Obs. 11 5.4 4.6 8 8.4 6.8 6.4 7.4 7.8
Obs. 12 8 7.8 8.7 6.2 9.1 6.4 8.2 6.3
Obs. 13 7.6 6.3 8.8 9 7.1 6.7 9.1 8.3
Obs. 14 9.2 9 10 7.1 10.5 7.3 9.5 8.3
Obs. 15 6 6.7 9 9.5 7.6 7.2 8.3 8.8

Sample No. 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Obs. 1 7.5 9.2 8.9 5.7 7 8.5 8.4 6.6
Obs. 2 8.1 8.1 7.1 7.8 9.3 7.2 10.6 7.9
Obs. 3 9.1 6.7 7.1 8.4 7.4 7.9 5.2 6.4
Obs. 4 7.9 8.5 7.6 8.2 8.1 7.6 11.7 8.3
Obs. 5 8.9 5.9 6.9 8.2 8.4 7.8 6.1 6.2
Obs. 6 7.3 7.3 6.4 7 8.5 6.4 9.8 7.1
Obs. 7 8.3 5.9 6.3 7.6 8.7 7.1 4.4 5.6
Obs. 8 7.2 7.7 6.8 7.4 7.3 6.8 10.9 7.5
Obs. 9 7.5 7.5 6.6 7.2 8.7 6.6 10 7.3
Obs. 10 8.5 6.2 6.5 7.9 8.9 7.4 4.6 5.8
Obs. 11 7.4 7.9 7 7.7 7.5 7 11.1 7.7
Obs. 12 8.3 5.3 6.3 7.7 7.9 7.2 5.5 5.7
Obs. 13 8.4 8.5 7.3 8.1 9.9 7.4 11.3 8.2
Obs. 14 9.6 6.9 7.2 8.8 8.9 8.3 5 6.5
Obs. 15 8.3 8.9 7.8 8.6 8.4 7.9 12.6 8.7

Sample No. 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
 Obs. 1 8.5 5.2 6.5 9.7 6.2 7.6 6.5 9.1
Obs. 2 8.1 5.7 7.4 7.8 8.5 8.3 7.8 11.5
Obs. 3 8.6 8.5 9.3 7.7 9.1 6.8 8.6 6.8
Obs. 4 5.9 6.6 7.1 8.2 8.9 9.1 8.3 11.9
Obs. 5 8.4 8.3 9.1 7.5 9 8 8.4 6.6
Obs. 6 7.3 4.9 7.3 6.9 7.6 6.2 7 10.6
Obs. 7 7.8 7.7 8.5 6.8 8.3 8.3 7.8 6
Obs. 8 5.1 5.8 6.4 7.4 8.1 8.7 7.4 11.1
Obs. 9 7.5 5.2 9.8 7.1 7.9 8.8 7.2 10.8
Obs. 10 8 7.9 8.7 7.1 8.5 8.6 8 6.2
Obs. 11 5.3 6.1 6.6 7.6 8.3 8.9 7.6 11.3
Obs. 12 7.9 7.7 8.6 6.9 8.3 9.3 7.8 6
Obs. 13 8.4 8 8.4 6.6 7.4 9.2 10.4 8.4
Obs. 14 9.1 8.9 9.9 7.3 7.2 9.7 10.2 8.1
Obs. 15 5.9 6.7 7.3 10.4 10.2 7.3 8.2 11.9

The manager of this company needs to construct the suitable control charts for variability
as well as average to infer whether the waiting times of customers for getting a taxi is
under control or not. If it is out-of-control, also construct the revised control charts.
(25)

Q2 A publisher recorded the total number of pages in 25 published books and also the
number of typing errors that have been made in preparing the final print of the books.
The results are given in the following table:

Day Number of pages Errors

1 180 5
2 187 11
3 205 11
4 180 25
5 180 11
6 172 5
7 183 11
8 194 16
9 187 14
10 180 4
11 198 16
12 216 8
13 198 16
14 198 14
15 187 5
16 172 11
17 180 8
18 201 16
19 187 5
20 190 11
21 180 8
 22 198 6
23 180 14
24 180 8
25 169 11
26 150 7
27 156 14
28 150 14
29 150 17
30 144 14
31 162 7
32 156 14
33 150 16
34 180 18
35 156 4
36 144 21
37 150 9
38 164 15
39 156 16
40 150 5
The publisher needs to set up a suitable control chart for the number of errors to check
whether the number of errors in a state of control or not. Also computes the revised
control limits, if necessary. (25)
Q3 A researcher is interested to check the relationship between the salaries of workers involved
in the production process of a company. To accomplish this, she/he has decided to develop
a multiple regression model to predict their weekly salaries. For this purpose, he/she has
selected a random sample of 50 workers involved in the production process. The
information on their current monthly salaries in hundreds (Y), lengths of employment in
months (X1), and job classifications (X2; 0 for technical job and 1 for clerical job) are
summarised in the following table:

Employee Y X1 X2

1 495 74 1
2 406 51 0
3 567 130 1
4 523 25 1
5 575 178 1
6 437 42 0
7 664 242 1
8 491 57 1
9 472 72 0
10 407 129 1
11 378 17 1
12 725 318 1
13 600 296 0
 14 440 39 0
15 662 280 1
16 523 116 1
17 428 19 1
18 535 94 1
19 533 193 0
20 528 49 1
21 446 26 0
22 528 40 1
23 498 51 1
24 478 48 1
25 507 32 0
26 478 24 1
27 645 234 1
28 577 281 0
29 554 335 1
30 654 336 1
31 566 77 1
32 433 90 0
33 466 89 1
34 365 30 0
35 677 225 0
36 473 36 1
37 644 305 1
38 685 316 1
39 356 11 0
40 444 23 1
41 478 94 0
42 408 81 0
43 456 58 0
44 409 22 0
45 691 359 0
46 463 69 0
47 436 93 0
48 413 16 1
49 734 412 0
50 463 69 0

i) Prepare a scatter plot to get an idea about the relationship among the variables.
ii) Fit a linear regression model and its related analysis at 1% level of significance.
iii) Does the fitted regression model satisfy the linearity and normality assumptions?
iv) Also, draw both fitted regression lines on the scatter plot.
(5+5+10+5)
Q4 The marketing manager of a transportation network company offering taxi services in a
metro city wishes to improve customer service and taxi scheduling based on the daily
levels of customers in the past 10 weeks. The numbers of customers during that period
are given below:

Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

1 334 499 262 232 435 351 223
2 170 249 203 268 329 168 293
3 110 179 240 114 266 99 90
4 155 234 81 253 314 93 278
5 95 164 225 99 264 107 283
6 270 183 308 125 194 255 129
7 223 132 239 268 143 323 332
8 212 369 390 369 218 495 320
9 479 540 414 590 390 460 663
10 549 739 734 684 642 866 832

i) Determine the seasonal indices for the given data using a 7-day moving averages.
ii) Obtain the deseasonalised values.
iii) Fit the appropriate trend for the deseasonalised data using the least-squares method by
matrix approach that best describes the data.
iv) Project the number of customers on Wednesday of the 52th week.
v) Plot the original data, the deseasonalised data, and the trend values.
(8+3+7+3+4)