Pemrograman Web

Modul ke-2
M. Udin Harun Al Rasyid, S.Kom, Ph.D
http://udinharun.lecturer.pens.ac.id/
udinharun@pens.ac.id

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 Rencana Pembelajaran Semester
Pekan Pembahasan

1 Modul 01 - Instalasi Web Server

2 Modul 02 - PHP: install, syntax, comments, variables, Echo/print, data types, strings

3 Modul 03 - PHP: numbers, Constants, Operators, if..else..elseif, Switch, Loops, Functions,

Arrays, Superglobals.

4 Modul 04 - PHP: Form, Form handling, Form validation, Form required, Form URL/E-mail,
Form Complete

5 - Modul 05 - PHP: date and time, include, file handling, file open/read, file upload, cookies,
sessions, filters, filter advanced, PHP JSON.
- Presentasi Proposal Final Project Kuliah
6 Modul 06 - PHP: OOP, classes/Objects, constructor, destructor, access modifiers,
inheritance, constants, abstract classes, traits, static method, static properties.

7 Modul 07 - MySQL database: Connect, Create DB, Create table, Insert data, Get last ID,
Insert multiple, Prepared, Select data, Where, Order by, Delete data, Update data, Limit data.

8 - Ujian Tengah Semester (UTS)

- Progress pengerjaan Final Project Kuliah

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 Rencana Pembelajaran Semester
Pekan Pembahasan
9 Modul 08 - PHP XML Parser: SimpleXML Parser, SimpleXML – Get,
XML Expat, XML DOM
10 AJAX PHP: AJAX database, AJAX XML, AJAX Live search, AJAX Poll
11 Login: Login using social media, Login using google account, Login
using FB account
12 Node JS: intro, modules, HTTP module, file system, URL module, NPM,
Events, upload files, email
13 Node JS MySQL: Get started, Create Db, Create table, Insert into,
Select from, Where, Order by, Delete, Drop table, Update, Limit, Join
14 Node JS MongoDB
15 Demo Final Project
16 - Ujian Akhir Semester (UAS)
- Demo Final Project

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Capaian Pembelajaran

 Mahasiswa memahami dan mampu

mengimplementasikan scripting PHP:
syntax, comments, variables, Echo/print,
data types, strings.

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Pokok Bahasan

 PHP intro
 PHP install
 PHP syntax
 PHP comments
 PHP variables
 PHP Echo/print
 PHP data types
 PHP strings

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PHP Introduction

 PHP is a server scripting language, and a powerful tool for making

dynamic and interactive Web pages.

 PHP is a widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors

such as Microsoft's ASP.

 PHP 7 is the latest stable release.

 PHP code is executed on the server.

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What You Should Already Know
 Before you continue you should have a basic
understanding of the following:
 HTML
 CSS
 JavaScript

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What is PHP?
 PHP is an acronym for "PHP: Hypertext
Preprocessor"
 PHP is a widely-used, open source scripting
language
 PHP scripts are executed on the server
 PHP is free to download and use

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What is a PHP File?
 PHP files can contain text, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP code

 PHP code is executed on the server, and the result is returned to the
browser as plain HTML

 PHP files have extension ".php"

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What Can PHP Do?
 PHP can generate dynamic page content

 PHP can create, open, read, write, delete, and close files on the
server
 PHP can collect form data

 PHP can send and receive cookies

 PHP can add, delete, modify data in your database

 PHP can be used to control user-access

 PHP can encrypt data

 With PHP you are not limited to output HTML. You can output
images, PDF files, and even Flash movies. You can also output any
text, such as XHTML and XML.

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Why PHP?
 PHP runs on various platforms (Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OS X,
etc.)

 PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS,
etc.)

 PHP supports a wide range of databases

 PHP is free. Download it from the official PHP resource:

www.php.net

 PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side

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What's new in PHP 7
 PHP 7 is much faster than the previous popular stable release (PHP
5.6)

 PHP 7 has improved Error Handling

 PHP 7 supports stricter Type Declarations for function arguments

 PHP 7 supports new operators (like the spaceship operator: <=> )

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PHP Installation

What Do I Need?
To start using PHP, you can:
 Find a web host with PHP and MySQL support

 Install a web server on your own PC, and then install PHP and
MySQL

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Use a Web Host With PHP Support:
 If your server has activated support for PHP you do not need to do
anything.

 Just create some .php files, place them in your web directory, and
the server will automatically parse them for you.

 You do not need to compile anything or install any extra tools.

 Because PHP is free, most web hosts offer PHP support.

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Set Up PHP on Your Own PC
However, if your server does not support PHP, you must:
 install a web server

 install PHP

 install a database, such as MySQL

 The official PHP website (PHP.net) has installation instructions for

PHP: http://php.net/manual/en/install.php

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Percobaan 01:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<?php
echo “Teknik Informatika PENS";
?>

</body>
</html>

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PHP Syntax

 A PHP script is executed on the server, and the plain HTML result is
sent back to the browser.
 PHP script can be placed anywhere in the document.
 A PHP script starts with <?php and ends with ?>:
 The default file extension for PHP files is ".php".

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 A PHP file normally contains HTML tags, and some PHP scripting
code.
 Below, we have an example of a simple PHP file, with a PHP script
that uses a built-in PHP function "echo" to output the text "Hello
World!" on a web page.
 Note: PHP statements end with a semicolon (;).

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Percobaan 02:

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PHP Case Sensitivity
 In PHP, NO keywords (e.g. if, else, while, echo, etc.), classes,
functions, and user-defined functions are case-sensitive.
 In the example below, all three echo statements below are equal
and legal.
 Note: However; all variable names are case-sensitive!

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Percobaan 03:

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 Look at the example below; only the first statement will display the
value of the $color variable! This is because $color, $COLOR, and
$coLOR are treated as three different variables:

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Percobaan 04:

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PHP Comments

 A comment in PHP code is a line that is not executed as a part of

the program. Its only purpose is to be read by someone who is
looking at the code.

 Comments can be used to:

 Let others understand your code

 Remind yourself of what you did - Most programmers have

experienced coming back to their own work a year or two later
and having to re-figure out what they did. Comments can remind
you of what you were thinking when you wrote the code

 PHP supports several ways of commenting:

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Percobaan 05: Syntax for single-line comments

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Percobaan 06: Syntax for multiple-line comments:

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Percobaan 07: Using comments to leave out parts of the
code

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PHP Variables

 Variables are "containers" for storing information.

Creating (Declaring) PHP Variables

 In PHP, a variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the
name of the variable:

 Note: When you assign a text value to a variable, put quotes around
the value. Think of variables as containers for storing data.
 Note: Unlike other programming languages, PHP has no command
for declaring a variable. It is created the moment you first assign a
value to it.

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Percobaan 08:

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PHP Variables
 A variable can have a short name (like x and y) or a more
descriptive name (age, carname, total_volume).
 Rules for PHP variables:

 A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the

variable
 A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character

 A variable name cannot start with a number

 A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and

underscores (A-z, 0-9, and _ )
 Variable names are case-sensitive ($age and $AGE are two
different variables)

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Output Variables
 The PHP echo statement is often used to output data to the screen.

 The following example will show how to output text and a variable:

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Percobaan 09:

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Percobaan 10:
The following example will produce the same output as the example above:

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Percobaan 11: the sum of two variables.

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PHP Variables Scope
 In PHP, variables can be declared anywhere in the script.

 The scope of a variable is the part of the script where the variable
can be referenced/used.
 PHP has three different variable scopes:

 local

 global

 static

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Global and Local Scope

 A variable declared outside a function has a GLOBAL SCOPE and

can only be accessed outside a function:

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Percobaan 12: Variable with global scope

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 A variable declared within a function has a LOCAL SCOPE and can
only be accessed within that function.

 You can have local variables with the same name in different
functions, because local variables are only recognized by the
function in which they are declared.

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Percobaan 13:

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PHP The global Keyword
 The global keyword is used to access a global variable from within a
function.

 To do this, use the global keyword before the variables (inside the
function):

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Percobaan 14:

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 PHP also stores all global variables in an array called
$GLOBALS[index].
 The index holds the name of the variable.
 This array is also accessible from within functions and can be used
to update global variables directly.

 The example above can be rewritten like this:

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Percobaan 15

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PHP The static Keyword:

 Normally, when a function is completed/executed, all of its variables

are deleted. However, sometimes we want a local variable NOT to
be deleted. We need it for a further job.

 To do this, use the static keyword when you first declare the
variable:

 Then, each time the function is called, that variable will still have the
information it contained from the last time the function was called.

 Note: The variable is still local to the function.

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Percobaan 16

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PHP echo and print Statements

 With PHP, there are two basic ways to get output: echo and print.

PHP echo and print Statements

 echo and print are more or less the same. They are both used to
output data to the screen.

 The differences are small: echo has no return value while print has a
return value of 1 so it can be used in expressions.
echo can take multiple parameters (although such usage is rare)
while print can take one argument.
echo is marginally faster than print.

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The PHP echo Statement

 The echo statement can be used with or without parentheses: echo

or echo().

Display Text

 The following example shows how to output text with the echo
command (notice that the text can contain HTML markup):

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Percobaan 17:

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Display Variables:

 The following example shows how to output text and variables with
the echo statement:

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Percobaan 18:

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The PHP print Statement

 The print statement can be used with or without parentheses: print

or print().

Display Text

 The following example shows how to output text with the print
command (notice that the text can contain HTML markup):

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Percobaan 19:

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Display Variables

 The following example shows how to output text and variables with
the print statement:

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Percobaan 20:

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PHP Data Types

Variables can store data of different types, and different data types can
do different things.
 PHP supports the following data types:

 String

 Integer

 Float (floating point numbers - also called double)

 Boolean

 Array

 Object

 NULL

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PHP String
 A string is a sequence of characters, like "Hello world!".

 A string can be any text inside quotes. You can use single or double
quotes:

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Percobaan 21:

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PHP Integer
 An integer data type is a non-decimal number between -
2,147,483,648 and 2,147,483,647.
 Rules for integers:

 An integer must have at least one digit

 An integer must not have a decimal point

 An integer can be either positive or negative

 Integers can be specified in: decimal (base 10), hexadecimal (base

16), octal (base 8), or binary (base 2) notation
 In the following example $x is an integer. The PHP var_dump()
function returns the data type and value:

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Percobaan 22:

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PHP Float
 A float (floating point number) is a number with a decimal point or a
number in exponential form.
 In the following example $x is a float. The PHP var_dump() function
returns the data type and value:

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Percobaan 23:

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PHP Boolean

 A Boolean represents two possible states: TRUE or FALSE.

$x = true;
$y = false;

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PHP Array

 An array stores multiple values in one single variable.

 In the following example $cars is an array. The PHP var_dump()

function returns the data type and value:

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Percobaan 24:

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PHP Object

 An object is a data type which stores data and information on how to

process that data.

 In PHP, an object must be explicitly declared.

 First we must declare a class of object. For this, we use the class
keyword. A class is a structure that can contain properties and
methods:

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Percobaan 25:

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PHP NULL Value

 Null is a special data type which can have only one value: NULL.

 A variable of data type NULL is a variable that has no value

assigned to it.

 Tip: If a variable is created without a value, it is automatically

assigned a value of NULL.

 Variables can also be emptied by setting the value to NULL:

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Percobaan 26:

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PHP Strings

 A string is a sequence of characters, like "Hello world!".

PHP String Functions

 This chapter contains some commonly used functions to manipulate

strings.

 strlen() - Return the Length of a String

 The PHP strlen() function returns the length of a string.

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Percobaan 27:

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 str_word_count() - Count Words in a String

 The PHP str_word_count() function counts the number of words in a

string.

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Percobaan 28:

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 strrev() - Reverse a String

 The PHP strrev() function reverses a string

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Percobaan 29:

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 strpos() - Search For a Text Within a String

 The PHP strpos() function searches for a specific text

within a string. If a match is found, the function returns
the character position of the first match. If no match is
found, it will return FALSE.

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Percobaan 30:

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 str_replace() - Replace Text Within a String

 The PHP str_replace() function replaces some

characters with some other characters in a string.

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Percobaan 31:

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Tugas Praktikum
 Kerjakan Semua Percobaan PHP modul ke-2 sejumlah 31 Percobaan.

 Konten Laporan Praktikum (File Video):

 Buatkan video rekaman yang menunjukkan hasil pengerjaan praktikum. Video rekaman
menampilkan source code di aplikasi editor scripting dan hasilnya di browser disertai
penjelasan lisan.
 Video menunjukkan wajah disertai penjelasan lisan setiap hasil pengerjaan praktikum.
 Halaman pertama video menunjukkan Cover: Logo PENS, Topik Praktikum, Nama, NRP,
Nama Prodi, Tahun

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NEXT

PHP Programming
PHP: numbers, constants, operators, if..else..elseif, switch, loops,
functions, arrays, superglobals.

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References

 https://www.w3schools.com
 https://books.goalkicker.com/PHPBook/
 https://hackr.io/blog/best-php-books-for-beginners-and-advanced-
programmers

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IKLAN STRATEGI BELAJAR DAN
SUKSES MENJADI MAHASISWA

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Strategi Belajar  Cek jaringan, kuota,
PC/Laptop/smartphone
Online dan
 Membaca dan melihat konten materi dari
Komunikasi yang dosen sebelum pembelajaran dimulai.
Efektif  Hadir tepat waktu sesuai jam kuliah.
 Ijin ke dosen jika datang terlambat kuliah
atau ada kendala.
 Catat hal-hal yang tidak dimengerti dan
tanyakan saat kuliah online sinkron.
 Proaktif dalam forum diskusi secara
langsung maupun tidak langsung.
 Kerjakan semua tugas tepat waktu.
 Jangan sampai tidak mengerjakan tugas.
 Pastikan tugas sudah sukses diunggah
secara online.
  Berkomunikasi dengan dosen sesuai etika. Perhatikan
Strategi Belajar pemakaian kosakata yang baik, waktu, tempat, alat
komunikasi.
Online dan  Diskusi dengan teman/kakak kelas berkaitan dengan
Komunikasi yang tugas dan materi.
 Buat forum diskusi online dengan teman seangkatan.
Efektif  Ikuti forum komunitas IT di kampus maupun luar kampus.
 Ikuti forum BEM/HIMA/UKKI
 Aktif dalam kompetisi lomba mahasiswa.
 Menambah pengetahuan dari luar kampus secara online:
 edX
 Coursera
 udemy
 Khan Academy
 MIT Opencourseware
 W3schools
 Youtube
 etc
  Siapkan mentalmu dahulu
 Atur jadwalmu dengan sebaik mungkin
 Lengkapi alat-alat yang menunjang
perkuliahan
 Pasang target IPK
 Belajar dengan fokus dan kerja keras
 Review materi kuliah
 Dekat dengan dosen
Tips Sukses  Asah skill
Menjadi Mahasiswa  Jalin jaringan yang luas
 Berorganisasi
 Berdoa kepada Allah SWT dan
meminta doa restu dari kedua orangtua