Scribd
Upload
158 views3 pages

2 Mid Point Theorem Notes PDF

1) The midpoint theorem states that if you draw lines from the midpoints of two sides of a triangle to their intersection, this line will be parallel to the third side and half its length. 2) The converse of the midpoint theorem states that if you draw a parallel line through the midpoint of one side, it will intersect the opposite side at its midpoint. 3) The three medians of a triangle (the lines from each vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side) intersect at a single point called the centroid.

Uploaded by

arun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
158 views3 pages

2 Mid Point Theorem Notes PDF

1) The midpoint theorem states that if you draw lines from the midpoints of two sides of a triangle to their intersection, this line will be parallel to the third side and half its length. 2) The converse of the midpoint theorem states that if you draw a parallel line through the midpoint of one side, it will intersect the opposite side at its midpoint. 3) The three medians of a triangle (the lines from each vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side) intersect at a single point called the centroid.

Uploaded by

arun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1/ 3

2

The midpoint theorem and its converse


Theorem (Midpoint theorem). Given triangle ABC, let E and F be the midpoints
of AC and AB respectively. The segment F E is parallel to BC and its length is
one half of the length of BC.
A

E
F D

B C

Proof. Extend F E to D such that F E = ED.


Note that CDE ≡ AF E by the test.
It follows that
(i) CD = AF = BF ,
(ii) ∠CDE = ∠AF E, and CD//BA.
Therefore, CDF B is a parallelogram, and F E//BC.
Also, BC = F D = 2F E.
3

Theorem (Converse of midpoint theorem). Let F be the midpoint of the side AB


of triangle ABC. The parallel through F to BC intersects AC at its midpoint.
A

E
F D

B C

Proof. Construct the parallel through C to AB,


and extend F E to intersect this parallel at D.
Then, CDF B is a parallelogram,
and CD = BF = F A.
It follows that AEF ≡ CED by the test.
This means that AE = CE, and E is the midpoint of AC.
4

Theorem. The three medians of a triangle are concurrent.

E
F
G

B D C

Proof. Let E and F be the midpoints of AC and AB respectively,


and G the intersection of the medians BE and CF .
Construct the parallel through C to BE,
and extend AG to intersect BC at D, and this parallel at H.
By the converse of the midpoint theorem,
G is the midpoint of AH, and HC = 2 · GE.
Join BH.
By the midpoint theorem, BH//CF .
It follows that BHCG is a parallelogram.
Therefore, D is the midpoint of (the diagonal) BC,
and AD is also a median of triangle ABC.
Therefore, the three medians AD, BE, CF concur at G.
The point of concurrency of the three medians of a triangle
is called the centroid of the triangle.
Note that

AG =GH = 2GD,
BG =HC = 2GE,
CG =HB = 2GF.

You might also like