Personal Development: Quarter 1-Module 3 Week 3&4
Personal Development: Quarter 1-Module 3 Week 3&4
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
QUARTER 1-MODULE 3 WEEK 3&4
Developmental Stages in Middle and Late Adolescence &
The Challenges of Middle and Late Adolescence
Self-Learning Module
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Learner’s Name
Below are descriptions showing the flow of this Module. The following parts will
help you gain knowledge and comply your tasks. Kindly read it, for you to fully
understand the whole content of your module.
I Will Do This
I Need to Know
In this module, you will know the developmental task of the stages in adolescence, which will guide you on
what society expects from you. Knowing the typical personalities of adolescents in the 21 st century will make
you understand yourself better and be guided to become a responsible teenager. Further, you need to conquer
the challenges in your life. To learn the strategies on how to deal with demands of teenage life.
This module covers the Week 3 & 4 of First Quarter which is aligned to the competencies: classify various
developmental tasks according to developmental stage, evaluate one’s development in comparison with
persons of the same age group, list ways to become a responsible adolescent prepared for adult life, discuss
that facing the challenges during adolescence may able to clarify and manage the demands of teen years,
express his/her feelings on the expectations of the significant people around him/her (parents, siblings,
friends, teachers, community leaders), and make affirmations that help one become more lovable and
capable as an adolescent
I Check on This
Direction: Read each sentence carefully. Select the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on the blank
provided.
Lesson Overview
DEVELOPMENTAL TASK IN ADOLESCENCE
Growing up is never easy. You need to master various developmental tasks to cope with challenges and
to prepare yourself for the next developmental stage.
According to Robert Havighurst, Developmental tasks refer to the specific knowledge, skills, attitudes,
and functions that a person needs to acquire and, in turn, be able to demonstrate at particular periods in his or
her life.
Knowing these tasks is very useful.:
They are your guide to know what is expected of you.
They show you the things that you will encounter in the next stage.
Thus, you become motivated to do what society expects you to.
In this module, we will focus on Havighurst's developmental tasks during adolescence. These tasks are as
follows:
(1) achieving new and more mature relations with age mates of both sexes;
(2) achieving a masculine or feminine social role;
(3) accepting one's physique and using one's body effectively;
(4) achieving emotional independence from parents and other adults;
(5) preparing for marriage and family life;
(6) preparing for an economic career;
(7) acquiring a set of values and an ethical system as a guide to behavior-developing ideology; and
(8) desiring, accepting, and achieving socially responsible behavior.
These developmental tasks are mastered by teenagers in a sequential order, following three stages in the
adolescence period namely: Early Adolescence, Middle Adolescence, and Late Adolescence.
I. Early Adolescence (happens when you are 12-13 years old)
At this stage, you experience rapid growth and various changes. Your primary developmental task at this
stage involves: adapting to biological and mental development.
2. Identify how this person is different from you. You can ask how they communicated with their partners
when they were your age, what they did when they went out with their friends and family members, and
where they went to have fun, among other things.
3. Try to identify as many differences as you can. Write your answer on the call-out signs provided below:
What your Parents did before How you do things now
What causes risky behaviors? Santrock (2012) cited the biopsychosocial approach in emphasizing that
Biological, Psychological, and Social factors interplay and contribute to create problems that you need to
overcome during adolescence.
BIOLOGICAL OR PHYSICAL FACTORS such as genes, puberty, hormones, and brain development
cause challenges that adolescents need to face. Hormonal changes that teenagers go through during puberty
have been linked to higher rates of depression and heightened sex drives. The development of the prefrontal
cortex after amygdala has been linked to risk-taking behaviors and sexual experimentation (Casey et al.,
2011). While the prefrontal cortex is still developing, your brain may not be able to process what you feel and
control your actions. This mental inability, in turn, may cause problems.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
One of the most difficult challenges that you encountered as a teenager is finding a sense of identity.
Successful
formation of your identity will lead to healthy academic, social, and psychological functioning. The absence
of concrete self-identity causes heightened emotionality that usually causes problems. Hence, you get irritated
and have mood swings easily. Sometimes, mood swings become too erratic and negative, resulting in
relationship problems and depression. Your views about your experiences get affected by your feelings,
leading to difficulties in understanding them. If you have become used to getting what you want, then self-
control may become an issue. If self-control is not mastered, concerns regarding drug abuse, computer
gaming, and other delinquent behaviors may emerge.
SOCIAL FACTORS
There are social factors that contribute to the emergence of an adolescent. These factors include the family,
peers, school, socioeconomic status, and immediate environment. During adolescence, you spend more time
with your peers, which may have negative effects on your attitudes and behavior. Rejection may cause
depression if not handled well. Hanging out with friends who have negative attitudes has a big influence on
your personality development, for example, going out with friends who smoke, and drink alcoholic beverages
entails a greater possibility of you having the same unhealthy habits. Nowadays, adolescents start romantic
relationships at an earlier age and thus suffer various consequences. Rejection causes low self-esteem, which
leads teenagers to engage in activities that put their health and dignity at risk.
Also, there are studies that prove that poverty is linked to many problems that adolescents are vulnerable to
(Santiago et al., 2011). Adolescents who live in an unhealthy environment are in higher risk for developing
problems (Chen et al., 2011). Moreover, adolescents who came from non-intact families due to nonmarriage,
separation, parent(s) working abroad, and death usually experience problems.
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM 5 ed.), at
least five of the nine symptoms represent a change in the individual's functioning (observed during a
two- week period):
(1) depressed mood most of the day;
(2) markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of the day;
(3) significant weight loss or weight gain, or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day;
(4) insomnia or hypersomia nearly every day;
(5) psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day;
(6) fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day;
(7) feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt nearly every day;
(8) diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; and
(9) recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide
attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide. High rates of depression may be accounted to
heightened emotionality of adolescents.
Suicide is usually associated with depression. It is closely related with a sense of hopelessness, low
self-esteem, and high self-blame (O'Donnell et al., 2004). Reasons for attempting and committing
suicide have become less serious, such as being reprimanded by parents, having his or her request
denied, and having his or her gadget taken away.
Knowing these pitfalls and challenges will help you avoid being trapped to difficult situations. However,
teenagers sometimes unknowingly put themselves in these situations mainly because of their inability to
express their feelings or emotions especially those toward the expectations of significant others from them.
To learn more on how to express your feelings or emotions, perform the activity that follows.
5. Seek help when needed. Asking for help is as beneficial as helping others. Many adolescents are shy and
hesitant to ask for help because they feel that they only add weight to the problems of others when they do.
Also, they think that they would look silly when they ask for help. As adolescence is a transition from
childhood to adulthood, you are still not used to solve problems alone. Thus, asking for help or assistance is a
measure to prevent things from being complicated or getting worse. You may ask help from any trusted adult
such as a parent, a teacher, and a guidance counselor.
I Will Do This
Activity 3: Reflect Upon
Direction: Express your personal thoughts about the lesson by answering the following questions.
Criteria: content- 3 points Organization of ideas – 2 points
1. Do you consider yourself to be responsible person? Why? In what ways?
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2. Think about somebody you know who is very responsible. How does that person demonstrate
responsibility? Does that make you respect him/her more?
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Dear Abby,
I fell asleep I fell asleep once again-once again! When I go to bed at night, I just can’t seem to fall
asleep. I lie in bed for hours and it doesn’t seem to make a difference. When I wake up in the
morning, I feel like I don’t want to get up and go to school. This is the time that I could really sleep.
I wish that school didn’t start until 10:00 a.m. Please help me out! Give me some ideas on how I
could get a better sleep, so Mr. Gomez doesn’t get upset that I fall asleep in his class.
-Tired at School
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I Test Myself
I. Direction: Read each sentence carefully. Select the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on
the blank provided.
__________1. Which stage of Developmental Task were an Adolescence has the ability to accept
and think more responsibly one’s body?
A. Early adolescence . C. Late adolescence
B. Late adolescence .D. Puberty
____________2. Which of the following illustrates the possible negative side effects of modern technology?
A. Instant Relationships C. Limited Social Interaction
B. Access to pornography .D. All of the Above
____________3. How does today’s generation differ from older generations?
A. Courtship rituals C. Values and belief systems
B. Style of Living . . D. All of the Above
____________4. What is your ability to understand how others feel called?
A. Accountability C. Empathy
B. Conscience D. Sympathy
____________5. Which is the most important building block of responsibility?
A. Self-control C. Self-esteem
B. Self-discipline D. Self-regulation
II. Directions: On the blanks, write TRUE if the statement is correct. Write FALSE if the statement is
incorrect.
_______________1. Feeling sad or angry is not normal for teenagers.
_______________2. Heightened emotionality is usually experienced during adulthood.
_______________3. When you accept your feelings, you acknowledge what you feel.
_______________4. Red flags are also known as warning signs.
_______________5. Being reactive helps boost your self-esteem.
Reflection:
Reflect what you have learned after you go through this module.
Compose 3 to 5 sentences.
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Cleofe, Myreen P., DIWA Senior High School Series: Personal Development Module, DIWA
Learning Systems Inc. (2016)
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Performance Task retrieved from:
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