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Signals and Systems: CE/EE301

The document discusses the mathematical operation of convolution. Convolution computes the output signal y(t) by reversing one of the input signals h(t), shifting it by t, multiplying it by the other input x(t), and integrating the product. As an example, it convolves two pulse signals, each with a height of 1, showing that the output is a triangle waveform with a height that varies from 0 to t to 3-t depending on the value of t.

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Abdelrhman Mahfouz
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55 views9 pages

Signals and Systems: CE/EE301

The document discusses the mathematical operation of convolution. Convolution computes the output signal y(t) by reversing one of the input signals h(t), shifting it by t, multiplying it by the other input x(t), and integrating the product. As an example, it convolves two pulse signals, each with a height of 1, showing that the output is a triangle waveform with a height that varies from 0 to t to 3-t depending on the value of t.

Uploaded by

Abdelrhman Mahfouz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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Signals and Systems

CE/EE301
• Convolution is computed as follow
∞ ∞
𝑦 𝑡 = 𝑥 𝑡 ∗ ℎ 𝑡 = න 𝑥 𝜏 ℎ 𝑡 − 𝜏 𝑑𝜏 = න ℎ 𝜏 𝑥 𝑡 − 𝜏 𝑑𝜏
−∞ −∞

• Label the signals variable as 𝜏


• Reverse one of the functions around the y axis
• Shifting it by t
• Multiplying the two signals
• Calculating the area under this product (integration)

2
1. Consider the functions h(τ) and x(τ)
2. Reverse h(τ) and shift by “t”
3. Note, for t < 0, the product of x(τ) and h(t- τ) is
zero, and consequently, y(t) is zero.
4. When t>0

3
4
• Convolution of two pulses each of height 1

x(t) h(t)
1 1

0 1 t 0 2 t

∞
𝑦 𝑡 = 𝑥 𝑡 ∗ ℎ 𝑡 = න 𝑥 𝜏 ℎ 𝑡 − 𝜏 𝑑𝜏
−∞
5
h(t)
1

0 2 t

h(-t) h(t-t) h(t-t)


1 1 1

-2 0 t 0 t 0 t
t t-2 t
t-2
1. Reverse function
2. Shift function h(-t) 3. Increase ‘t’

6
x(t) x(t) x(t) x(t)

0 1 t 0 1 t 0 1 t 0 1 t

h(t-t) h(t-t)
h(t-t) h(t-t)

0 1 t 0 1 t 0 1 t 0 1 t
t-2 t t-2
t-2<0 t t-2 t t-2 t
0<t<1 t-2<1 t-2>1
1<t<2
2<t<3 t>3 7
1 1 1 1

0 1 t 0 1 t 0 1 t 0 1 t
t-2<0 t-2<1 t-2>1
1 0<t<1 1 1 1 t>3
1<t<2 1<t<3

0 1 t 0 1 t t
t-2 0 1 0 1 t
t-2 t t t-2 t t-2 t

1 1 1

0 t 0 1 t 0 1 t
t
t-2
𝑡 1 1

𝑦 𝑡 = න 𝑑𝜏 = 𝑡 𝑦 𝑡 = න 𝑑𝜏 = 1 𝑦 𝑡 = න 𝑑𝜏 = 3 − 𝑡 𝑦 𝑡 =0
8
0 0 𝑡−2
y(t)

𝑡 0<𝑡<1 1
1 1<𝑡<2
𝑦 𝑡 =
3−𝑡 2<𝑡<3
0 𝑡>3
0 1 2 3 t

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