Scribd
Upload
512 views

Computer Peripherals: CSE 315: Peripheral & Interfacing

This document discusses computer peripherals and interfacing. It defines peripherals as devices external to the main processing function of the computer other than the CPU, memory, and power supply. Peripherals are classified as input, output, or storage devices and are connected via ports or interfaces like SCSI, IDE, and PCMCIA. The document then provides details on specific peripheral interfaces like SCSI, IDE, and PCMCIA. It also discusses hardware and software interfacing, different types of ports, storage device terminology, technologies, and whether storage is online or offline.

Uploaded by

Muntasir Sunny
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
512 views

Computer Peripherals: CSE 315: Peripheral & Interfacing

This document discusses computer peripherals and interfacing. It defines peripherals as devices external to the main processing function of the computer other than the CPU, memory, and power supply. Peripherals are classified as input, output, or storage devices and are connected via ports or interfaces like SCSI, IDE, and PCMCIA. The document then provides details on specific peripheral interfaces like SCSI, IDE, and PCMCIA. It also discusses hardware and software interfacing, different types of ports, storage device terminology, technologies, and whether storage is online or offline.

Uploaded by

Muntasir Sunny
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

Computer

Peripherals
CSE 315: Peripheral & Interfacing

1
Discussion Materials:

■ Storage Devices
■ Hard Disk Drive
■ Flash Memory (PD & MC)
■ I/O Devices
■ Displays (LCD, LED)

■ Printers (DMP, IJP & LP)

■ Scanners

■ Pointing Devices

2
Peripheral

■ Devices that are external to the main


processing function of the computer
• Other than the CPU, memory, power supply
■ Classified as input, output, and storage
■ Connected via
• Ports like
• Serial, Parallel, USB etc
• Interface to systems bus like
• Small Computer System Interface (SCSI), Integrated
Drive Electronics (IDE), Personal Computer Memory
Card International Association (PCMCIA)

3
SCSI (Small Computer System Interface )

■ Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) is a set of standards for


physically connecting and transferring data between computers
and peripheral devices. The SCSI standards define commands,
protocols, electrical, optical and logical interfaces. SCSI is most
commonly used for hard disk drives and tape drives, but it can
connect a wide range of other devices, including scanners
and CD drives, although not all controllers can handle all devices.
The SCSI standard defines command sets for specific peripheral
device types; the presence of "unknown" as one of these types
means that in theory it can be used as an interface to almost any
device, but the standard is highly pragmatic and addressed toward
commercial requirements.

4
SCSI (contd.)

5
IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)

■ Nominally called the IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) bus; how


ever it's more correctly known as the ATA (Advanced Technology
Attachment) specification [ATA Bus]. The IDE bus is used in
Personal Computers [PCs] as a hard-drive or peripheral bus to
interconnect the PC mother board and a hard drive. The IDE bus
is a Parallel bus. With the introduction of the Serial ATA [SATA]
specification Parallel ATA [IDE] is now being called PATA.

■ The specification has been up-graded a number of times each


building on the past specification. ATA-1 and 2 were single
documents, but like SCSI, after ATA-2 the specification was
divided into a number of different documents. Most maintain
backward compatibility, keeping in mind the cable changed. Each
new version of the standard produced an increase in bus speed.
The data transfer rate is shown after each version listed below.
The maximum IDE bus speed is 133MBytes/sec [133MBps].
6
IDE (contd.)

7
PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card
International Association )

■ In computing, PC Card is a configuration for


computer parallel communication peripheral interface,
designed for laptop computers. Originally introduced
as PCMCIA, the PC Card standard as well as its
successors like CardBus were defined and developed
by the Personal Computer Memory Card International
Association (PCMCIA).

8
PCMCIA (contd.)

9
Interfacing

■ An interface is the point of interaction


with software, or computer hardware, or
with peripheral devices
There are two types of interfaces:
■ 1. Hardware Interfaces.
■ 2. Software Interfaces.

10
Interfacing Contd.

■ HARDWARE INTERFACES: Hardware interfaces


exist in computing systems between many of the
components such as the various buses, storage
devices, other I/O devices, etc.

■ SOFTWARE INTERFACES: A software interface


may refer to a range of different types of
interface at different levels.

11
Interfacing Contd.

Different levels of software interfacing.


■ An operating system may interface with pieces of
hardware.
■ Applications or programs running on the
operating system may need to interact via
streams
■ In object oriented programs, objects within an
application may need to interact via methods.

12
Ports

■ A port serves as an interface between the


computer and other computers or peripheral
devices
Primarily there are two types of ports:
1. Physical Ports
2. Virtual Ports

13
Physical Ports:

■ Physical ports are used for connecting a


computer trough a cable and a socket to a
peripheral device.

Physical computer ports list includes:


a. Serial ports (DB9 socket)
b. USB ports (USB 2.0 or 3.0 socket / connector)
c. Parallel ports (DB25 socket / connector

14
Virtual Ports

■ Virtual ports are data gates that allow software


application (network) to use hardware resources
without any interference.

This computer ports (network ports) are defined by


IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority).

Used by TCP ( Transmission Control Protocol ),


UDP ( User Datagram Protocol ), DCCP ( Datagram
Congestion Control Protocol ) and SCTP ( Stream
Control Transmission Protocol )
15
Storage Devices: Terminology

■ Medium
■ The technology or product type that holds the
data
■ Access Time
■ The time to locate data and read it
■ Calculated as an average in seconds e.g. - s,
ms, µs, ns, etc
■ Transfer Rate
■ Amount of data moves per second
■ Calculated in bytes/second e.g. – KBPS, MBPS
etc
16
Storage Devices: Primary
■ Primary memory
■ Named as cache or conventional memory
■ Has an immediate access by the CPU

■ Expanded storage
■ RAM – Random Access Memory
■ A buffer between cache memory and
secondary memory

17
Storage Devices: Secondary
■ Secondary storage
■ Permanent memory
■ Non volatile memory
■ Data and programs must be copied to primary
memory for CPU access
■ Electro-Mechanical devices
■ Direct access storage devices (DASDs)
■ Online storage
■ Offline storage – loaded when needed

18
Storage Devices: Hierarchy
Devices Access Time Transfer rate

CPU registers - -

Primary Cache memory 15-30 ns -


storage
Conventional memory 50-100 ns -

Expanded memory 75-500 ns -

Hard disk 10-50 ms 600-6000 Kbytes/s

Secondary Floppy disk 95 ms 100-200 Kbytes/s


storage
CD-ROM 100-600 ms 150-1000 Kbytes/s

Tape 0.5+ s 200-3000 Kbytes/s

19
Storage Devices: Technology
■ Primary storage
■ Semiconductor technology e.g.- RAM
■ Volatile i.e. contents are depended on power

■ Secondary storage
■ Magnetic technology e.g. Hard Disk Drives
■ Non-volatile i.e. contents are not depended on
power

20
Storage Devices: Intervention
■ Online storage
■ Storage that is accessible to programs without
human intervention
■ Primary & Secondary storages are online
■ Example- RAM, HDD etc

■ Offline storage
■ Storage that is not accessible to programs
without human intervention
■ Sometimes called archival storage
■ Example- CD, DVD, External HDD etc

21
Assignment for next class:

■ Serial port, Parallel port, USB 10


■ Relation between peripheral and
interfacing 10
Due date: Next lecture day

22
Thank you

23

You might also like