Quarter 1-Week 3-Lesson 3 Geometric Sequence: Mathematics 10 Learning Segment Kit

Mathematics 10
LEARNING SEGMENT KIT

Quarter 1- Week 3-Lesson 3
Geometric Sequence
Grade Level Standard: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of sequences,
polynomials and polynomial equations.
Most Essential Learning Competency: The learners:
 Illustrate a Geometric Sequence (M10ALId-1)
 Differentiates a Geometric Sequence from Arithmetic Sequence (M10ALId-2)
Learning Outcomes:
 To determine geometric sequence and its nth term
 To find the common ratio of a geometric sequence and some terms
 To solve word problems involving geometric means, terms and sums
Encircle the best answer that suits to each question.

1. What is the geometric mean of 2 and 8?
A. 8 B. 5 C. 3 D. 4
2. Which of the following two positive numbers has a geometric mean of 10 ?
A.  4 and  25 B. 4 and 25 C. 9 and 11 D. 9 and 11
3. Which of the following two positive numbers has a geometric mean of 2 √ 3 ?
A. 1 and 2 B. 3 and 2 C. 3 and 4 D. 4 and 5
4. What is the geometric mean of 3 and 24?
A. 2 √ 6 B. 27/2 C. 2/27 D. 6 √ 2
5. What is the sum of the first 8 terms of the geometric sequence if a 1 1 and r  2 ?
A. 254 B. 255 C. 256 D. 257
You have learned about arithmetic means, terms and sums which contributed to your deeper
understanding of the nature of arithmetic sequences. Now, it’s time for you to discover more about the
beauty of geometric sequences by considering the geometric means, terms, sums and the corresponding
applications.
Sequences are useful in our daily lives as well as in higher mathematics. For example, the interest
portion of monthly payments made to pay off an automobile or home loan, and the list of maximum daily
temperatures in one area for a month are sequences. We can also say that arithmetic progression can
applied in real life by analyzing a certain pattern that we see in our daily life. For example, when you are
waiting for a bus.
As we go through with this module we will learn to generates pattern and sequences, illustrates
arithmetic sequence and also know the importance of learning it as we can apply it to our daily living.
Illustrate a Geometric Sequence

A geometric sequence is a sequence where each term is found by multiplying or dividing the same
value from one term to the next. We call this value "common ratio".
Example 1:
1, 3, 9, 27, 81, 243, 729, …
This geometric sequence has a factor of three between each number. Each term (except the first term) is
found by multiplying the pervious term by 3.
The common ratio, r, can be determined by dividing any term in the sequence by the term that precedes
it. Thus, in the geometric sequence 1, 3, 9, 27, 81, 243, 729, ..., the common ratio is 3 since 3/1 = 3.
Example 2: 32, 16, 8, 4, …

This geometric sequence has a factor of 1/2 between each number. Each term (except the first term) is
found by multiplying the pervious term by ½.
The common ratio, r, can be determined by dividing any term in the sequence by the term that precedes
16
it. Thus, in the geometric sequence 32, 16, 8, 4, ..., the common ratio is 1/2 since = 1/2
32
The Rule of Geometric sequence
Problem: What are the first 5 terms of a geometric sequence whose first term is 5 and whose common
ratio is 2?
Questions:
1. Look at the other ways of writing the terms. What does 5 represent?
If your answer is the first term, then you are correct!
2. For any two consecutive terms, what does 2 represent?
If your answer is the common ratio, then you are amazing!
3. What is the relationship between the exponent of 2 and the position of the term?
If you have noticed that for: the exponent of 2 in the first term is 0
the exponent of 2 in the 2nd term is 1,
the exponent of 2 in the 3rd term is 2,
4th term the exponent of 2 is 3,
and the 5th term the exponent of 2 is 4
This implies that the exponent of the common ratio is one less than the order of any given term. Hence, if
the order of the term is n, then the exponent of 2 is (n-1).
4. What is an for this sequence?
Let us solve this together. The 1st term is 5 which is a 1=5(20). 2nd term is 10 which is a2=5(21). Using
the idea on number 3, that the exponent of the common ratio is one less than the order of term we
can state that an=5(2n-1).
5. In general, if the first term of a geometric sequence is a1 and the common ratio is r, what is the nth
term of the sequence? If the first term of a geometric sequence is a 1 , then we can say that the sequence
would be a1r0, a1r1, a1r2 , a1r3, a1r4,…
Hence the formula is;
an = a1 (rn-1)
These are important terminologies, notations and symbols that you

must remember.
Common Ratio is the amount between each term in a geometric sequence
and is denoted by the symbol “r”.
First Term is the first position in the terms of a sequence and is represented
by the symbol “a1”.
General Term is known as the nth term of a sequence. It is always
represented by “an”.
Geometric Sequence is a sequence where each term after the first is obtained by
multiplying the preceding term by a nonzero constant called the common ratio.
Example:
10, 30, 90, 270, 810, 2430, ...
This sequence has a factor of 3 between each number
The values of a1 and r are:
 a1 = 10 (the first term)
 r = 3 (the "common ratio")
The Rule for any term is:
an = a1 (rn-1)
 an = 10 × (3n-1)
So, the 4th term is:
 x4 = 10 × 3(4-1) = 10 × 33 = 10 × 27 = 270
And the 10th term is:
 x10 = 10 × 3(10-1) = 10 × 39 = 10 × 19683 = 196830
Differentiates a Geometric Sequence from Arithmetic Sequence
An Arithmetic sequence is a sequence where every term after the

first is obtained by adding a constant called the common difference.
Formula: an=a1 + (n-1)d
Where a1 is the first term, an is the nth term, n is the number of terms,
d is the common difference
Example: 2,4,6,8,10 is an example of arithmetic sequence.
The common difference is 2.
A Geometric sequence is a sequence where each term after the first is

obtained by multiplying the preceding term by a nonzero constant called the
common ratio.
Formula: an=a1(rn-1)
Where an is the nth term, a1 is the first term, n is the number of terms, r is the
common ratio
Example: 3,6,12,24,48 is an example of geometric sequence.
The common ratio is 2.
Below are important terminologies that you must learn and remember about the
differences between geometric and arithmetic sequence.
Arithmetic Sequence is a sequence where every term after the first is obtained by
adding a constant called the common difference.
Common Difference – a constant added to each term of an arithmetic sequence
to obtain the next term of the sequence
Geometric Sequence is a sequence where each term after the first is obtained by
multiplying the preceding term by a nonzero constant called the common ratio.
Common Ratio – a constant multiplied to each term of a geometric sequence to
obtain the next term of the sequence.
The Differences Between Arithmetic and Geometric Sequence
These are the following differences between arithmetic and geometric sequence .
1. An Arithmetic sequence is a sequence where every term after the first is
obtained by adding a constant called the common difference while Geometric
sequence is a sequence where each term after the first is obtained by multiplying
the preceding term by a nonzero constant called the common ratio.
2. The formula of Arithmetic sequence is in linear form and for Geometric
sequence it is exponential form. In terms of their graph , arithmetic sequence
follows a straight path,while geometric sequence follows a curve path.
Exercise 1:
A. Identify the common ratio.
1. 5, 10/3, 20/9, 40/27, 80,81
2. 10, 20√3 , 120,
3. 17, -51, 153, -459, …
4. -4, 24,-144, 864,…
5. 2/3, 2, 6, 18,…
Exercise 2:
B. Determine whether the sequence is geometric or arithmetic.
1. 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, . . .
2. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, . . .
3. 24, 12, 6, 3, 3/2, 3/4, . . .
4. 55, 51, 47, 43, 39, 35, . . .
5. 2, 5 ,8, 11, 14, . . .
ADDITIONAL LEARNING GUIDE: English Learning Portal Textbook Page 10-22
 Practical Math 10 Learning Portal Textbook

 https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Algebra1/Functions/FNSequenceFunctions.html
 https://courses.lumenlearning.com/waymakercollegealgebra/chapter/sequences-defined-by-an-explicit-formula/

The heart of man plans his way, but the Lord establishes his steps.
Proverbs 16:9
NAME:
GRADE & SECTION:
Use this paper for exercise 1 and 2 in enhancement part. Answer only, provide and attach
separate bond paper for solutions.
Exercise 1:
A. Identify the common ratio.
1. 5, 10/3, 20/9, 40/27, 80,81
2. 10, 20√3 , 120,
3. 17, -51, 153, -459, …
4. -4, 24,-144, 864,…
5. 2/3, 2, 6, 18,…
Exercise 2:
B. Determine whether the sequence is geometric or arithmetic.
1. 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, . . .
2. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, . . .
3. 24, 12, 6, 3, 3/2, 3/4, . . .
4. 55, 51, 47, 43, 39, 35, . . .
5. 2, 5 ,8, 11, 14, . . .
Prepared by: Ms. Micaella M. Olivar, LPT

Quarter 1-Week 3-Lesson 3 Geometric Sequence: Mathematics 10 Learning Segment Kit

Uploaded by

Quarter 1-Week 3-Lesson 3 Geometric Sequence: Mathematics 10 Learning Segment Kit

Uploaded by

Mathematics 10

LEARNING SEGMENT KIT

Encircle the best answer that suits to each question.

Illustrate a Geometric Sequence

Example 2: 32, 16, 8, 4, …

These are important terminologies, notations and symbols that you

An Arithmetic sequence is a sequence where every term after the

A Geometric sequence is a sequence where each term after the first is

ADDITIONAL LEARNING GUIDE: English Learning Portal Textbook Page 10-22

 Practical Math 10 Learning Portal Textbook

1. 5, 10/3, 20/9, 40/27, 80,81

2. 10, 20√3 , 120,

3. 17, -51, 153, -459, …

4. -4, 24,-144, 864,…

1. 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, . . .

3. 24, 12, 6, 3, 3/2, 3/4, . . .

4. 55, 51, 47, 43, 39, 35, . . .

5. 2, 5 ,8, 11, 14, . . .

Prepared by: Ms. Micaella M. Olivar, LPT

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