Lesson 1 Learning Module Preliminary Coverage
Lesson 1 Learning Module Preliminary Coverage
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
To make your learning experience productive and meaningful, you are expected to:
LEARNING EXPLORATIONS:
The term ICT means Information Communications Technology, and it is often used to
talk about computers and other technology use in schools. There are many ways to involve ICT
in language teaching and this study deals with how to use ICT within the teaching of English
grammar. Grammar has been taught in various ways throughout the history of language learning.
In the 19th century grammar was the most important part of learning a foreign language, while
during the 1980s grammar was not supposed to be taught at all (Tornberg 2007:103-104).
ICT is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance
by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.
ICT in English learning is the broad range of communication, information and related
technologies that can be used to support learning, teaching, and assessment.
Learning technologists are people who are actively involved in managing, researching,
supporting or enabling learning with the use of learning technology.
A very wide range of people in industry and in private and public sector education have
learning technology as a core part of their role: you do not have to be called or to call yourself a
learning technologist to be one!
There is no more doubt that the use of ICT has positive effects on foreign language
teaching/learning. Its impact is highly dependent on the way it is used, the teachers’ motivation
and his “savoir-faire”. The following impacts seem to be the most obvious ones when using ICT
to support foreign language teaching:
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
1 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
4. Lectures become more interesting and less ordinary which boosts learners’ engagement;
5. ICT enables to focus on one specific aspect of the lesson (pronunciation, vocabulary...).
The advantages of ICT usage in foreign language teaching can be listed as:
1. Capacity to control presentation. This capacity marks the difference between computers
and books. Books have a fixed presentation, unlike computers, which can combine visual
with listening materials, text with graphics and pictures.
2. Novelty and creativity. A teacher can use different materials for each lesson, not like in
teaching with textbooks, where all classes presenting a certain topic are the same.
3. Feedback. Computers provide a fast feedback to students` answers through error
correction. It not only spots the mistake but also corrects it, sometimes even giving the
appropriate advice.
4. Adaptability. Computer programmes can be adapted by teachers to suit their students`
needs and level of language knowledge. Unlike books, which are produced in a single
uniform format and need to be taught irrespectively of students` problems, computer
programmes are more learner- friendly.
First and foremost, ICT–and the internet in particular–provides language learners with the
opportunity to use the language that they are learning in meaningful ways in authentic contexts.
A second important benefit derived from the use of ICT in a language classroom is based on the
opportunities it affords for cooperation and collaboration with one’s peers. A third major benefit
of the use of ICT in blended language learning classrooms is the opportunity that ICT-based
tools give to language teachers so that they can tutor their learners more effectively. With the
help of ICT-based tools and the constantly growing number of available educational resources
language teachers are able to give individual and personalized guidance to the learners.
Upon hearing of ICT, the shadow we certainly were on the internet that is used in
learning. We imagine there is no more face-to-face learning (conventional) between teacher and
student. Then comes the question, how the teachers interact with students, and students with each
other.
In general there are some important things as the requirements for the implementation of
ICT, there are:
1. The availability of tutor support services that can help students when learning difficulties.
2. The existence of government officials / managers of ICT.
3. The existence of the positive attitude of students and educators on computer technology.
4. Availability of learning system design that can be learned / known by every student.
5. A system of evaluation of students’ progress and feedback mechanisms developed by the
organizers.
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
2 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
A. For teachers
Use of ICT to provide benefits for teachers, among others:
1. It’s easier to update (update) learning materials into their responsibilities in
accordance with the demands of scientific developments that occurred.
2. Develop or conduct research in order to increase their horizons because the time
owned a relatively large.
3. Controlling the learning habits of students, even teachers can tell when students learn,
what topics are studied, how long a topic to learn, and how many times a particular
topic studied again.
4. Check whether students have been working on practice questions after studying a
particular topic.
5. Checking students’ answers and get back to the students.
6. Increasing levels of interaction between student and teacher learning (enhance
interactivity).
7. Allows the interaction of learning from anywhere and at any time (time and place
flexibility).
8. Reaching students in a broad range of (potential to reach a global audience).
9. Facilitate the completion and delivery of learning materials (easy updating of contents
as well as achievable capabilities).
B. For students
The main benefit of ICT for students is the flexibility of students learning a more
optimal, where he could access the materials by reading or downloading learning
materials at any time and repeatedly. Students also can communicate with the teacher at
any time. Thus according to the benefits of ICT can be broken down as follows:
1. Flexible in terms of time, where students can learn according to the time owned,
unlike the conventional learning is bound with the specified timetable.
2. Flexible in terms of facilities, places and learning facilities, where students are free to
learn wherever they are considered to be conducive, with a record of the place or
environment can be to access the Internet.
3. The atmosphere of learning there are no psychological barriers. Students can learn
with ICT without fear, shame or other psychological barriers. Students do not need to
feel embarrassed when making mistakes when learning.
C. For schools
ICT model also provides great benefits for schools, mainly in terms of:
1. Providing teaching materials that have been validated by experts based on their fields
(experts of material and the media) so that every teacher can use with ease so that the
effectiveness and efficiency of learning as a whole will increase.
2. Learning content development will be compatible with subjects.
3. As practical guidelines for implementation of learning in accordance with the
conditions and characteristics of learning, and
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
3 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
1. Frequency of direct contacts among fellow students and between students with resource
persons (teachers) is minimal.
2. Student’s opportunities to socialize with other students are very limited.
3. To overcome these weaknesses can be resolved by establishing an electronic learning
environment (a kind of community in the virtual world) even though they are
geographically dispersed. Today many of the facilities provided by Internet sites, such as
Friendster, Yahoo messenger, Facebook, and others. With the facility, among students,
students with the world community can even communicate with each other.
4. A teacher can also overcome the weaknesses of ICT in a way to assign students to work
in groups to develop and present a given learning task. Similarly, the students, they can
communicate with each other or discuss via e-mail source.
REFERENCES:
api-342812019. (2016). The Importance of Technology On Language Learning. Retrieved from api-
342812019
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
4 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
To make your learning experience productive and meaningful, you are expected to:
1. Identify the different roles of ICT in English language teaching and learning.
2. Appreciate the significance of the roles of ICT in teaching English language.
3. Apply the roles of ICT in teaching and learning English language.
LEARNING EXPLORATIONS:
“With the help of technology, teachers will be leaders in the transformation of education around
the world”- Craig R .Barrett
According to Jeremy Harmer, “a word innovation means something new, which means
new ideas to change things for better.” He claims that “if we look at all the language teaching
methods which are used all over the world by different teachers at different levels, we cannot say
that all of them are 100% successful. Therefore it is very important to keep looking and
searching to find ways to make teaching and learning better.”
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
5 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
The Methodology of English has started a new way of using ICT in teaching. ICT
provides more opportunities for communication between peer learners. With the use of ICT there
is a two-way exchange of knowledge between home and school/ college. The teacher abides key
to the successful use of ICT for learning. The integration of ICT in language teaching and
learning has become an interesting topic to many researchers and education practitioners.
CALL is a broad and an ever changing discipline. Beatty defines, CALL as “Any process
in which a learner uses a computer and as a result improves his or her language and it covers the
wide range of current practice in the field.” Computer Assisted language learning (CALL)
software, CD-ROMS ,and Office software applications have become common place in many
teaching and learning environments. The computer can act as a stimulus which generates
analysis, discussion and writing.
The Internet:
The internet offers the best way to learn language other than immersion in an English
speaking milieu. The student’s relationship with websites is more noticeable than with print
based text. Internet users may return to sites frequently or use internet for interaction to share
their information and ideas. Digital technology is rapidly used by pupils and teachers not only in
the classroom but also in the personal life.
The internet saves our time and energy. We can learn English lessons through internet
without the need of travelling and without the need of leaving home or bedroom. With internet
students can learn English anywhere at any time and whenever they want. The internet offers
instant feedback to the learners which enhance the learning experience of the students.
EBooks
An eBook is an electronic version of a traditional print book that can be read by using a
personal or by using an eBook reader like iPods and kindle. EBooks also used to improve the
teaching and learning skills in the classroom. In eBooks teachers and students can add images,
info graphics, posters, video, and text, audio and so on. Learners can share eBooks with their
friends. EBooks strengthen students’ note making skills, the knowledge of English grammar and
application skills.
Audio Books:
Baskin and Harris (1995:372) explain, “The first literature heard, not read.” Audio books
are not discovery of this century or even of the last one considering authentic books as equivalent
to its content and not to its format (Baskin and Harris1995:372).Audio books are applicable for
English language learners and young people who are craving for learning English with stories.
Audio books develop the four language systems; phonological, semantic, syntactic and
pragmatic. Audio books are recordings on CD or digital file of a book which are read aloud.”
The use of audio books with struggling, reluctant or second language learners is powerful since
they act as a scaffold that allows students to read above their actual reading level” (Beers
998:33,Chen Slu-Hsien 2004).
Play way is the new arrival regarding audio books .Play way does not need a separate
players and it is preloaded and ready to use.
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
6 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
Webinar:
Webinar is the best example for online learning. Webinar is an interactive seminar
conducted via the World Wide Web. Usually a live presentation, lecture or work-shop that ,
happens in real time as users participate through chatting, video-chatting, file-sharing or asking
questions with a microphone. Webinars are more helpful in learning grammar.
Gareth Davis says that “IWB brings everything together at one placemat one time with
the use of authentic materials.” IWB acts as a motivational tool. IWB has to be connected to the
computer and data projector. IWB offers teachers to comprise video clips, films interviews,
electronic microscopes; different websites etc .It improves the social skills of the students like
cooperation and participation. In IWB lessons can be recorded and saved for further use. Bactra
states that “The power of images and capacity for collaboration is very significant in White
Board’s impact on learning.” IWB teaching is completely different from traditional methods of
teaching. According to Cunnings worth “vocabulary was a neglected area of foreign language
teaching but it has gained its due recognition in the last few years”(1998:38). New vocabulary,
word formation and sounds are practiced easily by IWB.
Mobile Apps
Mobile digital devices like laptops, iPods, tablets, smart phones have made English
language learning easier. At present there are so many apps available in the App store and Play
store (Android) markets. These apps furnish students with quizzes, games, dictionaries, Podcasts
and tests. Simultaneously teachers can now constitute the “gasification” element into their
teaching which put out interest in the students for a given topic. Mobile apps can perform as a
personal 24/7 English language teacher. Some mobile apps which are amending English
language learning and teaching are Dictionary.com, Hangman, Grammar’s, Quizmaster, 60-
Second Word Challenge, Mobile Air Mouse ,Ankhi Flash Cards, English Idioms Illustrated etc.
Audio-visual aids:
In the 21st century the use of AVA has become inevitable. It has started a new genre in
the field of teaching and learning language. Apart from traditional teaching teachers must adopt
the topical and innovative teaching techniques.
To make ideas explicit we need some visual aids. Slides and slide projectors are used for
unveiling objects in full colour Overhead projectors are used in language teaching and learning
to supplement the black-board.
Tape-recorder/gramophone:
This is useful for teaching pronunciation, stress and intonation. Recorded information can
be reproduced in the classroom. It gives a chance to the students to develop interest towards
pronunciation. It helps the students to test their speaking skills.
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
7 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
Television:
The most efficient medium for teaching is television. The television appeals both to the
ears and eyes. We can record some language teaching programmers in CD or Cassettes and can
telecast them. This shows significant impact on the minds of the students.
Radio and television give us the experience of real world into the classroom. Here
teaching is very active process. Television is a companion, entertainer and instructor.
Film projector:
Knowledge acquired through films has a lasting effect. We can project some educational
films, dramas etc. This can develop the listening and speaking skills of the students.
Language laboratory:
This is the latest innovation in the language teaching. In this we have sound equipment
and projectors, computers etc. which can give the students the practice of listening and speaking.
It has come into light in 2005. It encourages sharing between users. In this we can have
variety of applications such as blogs, social networking websites etc. The learners can be
encouraged to write their own blogs. Social networking sites like face book, bebop, and flicker
have become very popular. These can be useful for language learning.
Mobile phones:-
Mobile phone has also become very essential tool for learning a language. It is a mini
computer in every one’s pocket. Mobile phones function in many ways like the addition of
texting, email, functions as computers do. In mobile phone assisted language learning we can
find portability, social interactivity, community, individuality and immediacy.
The use of ICT has positive effects on foreign language teaching learning.
1. Students get short span of attention because of the ICT in language learning.
2. Online learning cannot offer human interaction.
3. Students may open or log on to the unnecessary websites to play games or to watch
movies.
4. Intense requirement for self-discipline and self-direction.
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
8 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
5. Good infrastructure and trained man power is required to use the ICT tools in teaching
and learning.
6. Communication is taking place between learners.
7. The teacher is only a mediator.
ICT’s are intrinsic tools in many educational institutions. The use of ICT increases the
scope of teaching. It provides quality learning materials and creating autonomy of learning.
Along with academic excellence students must have English communicative skills for their
prosperous future. Curriculums must be made easy by including technological aids. Learners can
share their work which can promote cultural diversity, have positive motivational effects and
raise self-esteem.
REFERENCES:
Thủy Tinh. (2017). The Role of ICT in English Language Teaching and Learning. Retrieved from
https://www.scribd.com/document/368077513/The-Role-of-Ict-in-English-Language-Teaching-
and-Learning
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
9 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
To make your learning experience productive and meaningful, you are expected to:
LEARNING EXPLORATIONS:
Integrating modern techniques and tools in teaching English language is a powerful and
interactive way to increase the learners’ knowledge and to guarantee quantity and quality of
language input and output. The students’ self-directed learning develops as the teacher’s role
becomes that of helping students to learn how to learn, stimulating them to use the English
language for authentic communicative purposes.
Students trying to learn English as a second language need further language support.
They need to practice in hearing language, reading language, speaking language, and writing
language in order to develop their experience and skills. For doing such tasks, they have to use
various tools which can help them learn the language easily and effectively.
Anyone who has access to the Internet has instant access to other languages especially to
English language and the use of multimedia during English classes exposes students to authentic
speech exchanges. The most common source of authentic material is the Internet which is
continuously updated, more visually stimulating and interactive.
The traditional English class is characterized by several negative aspects: first of all the
language learning often focuses on isolated parts that are detached from real speech, the
sentences are perfectly formed, the structures are repeated, questions that use some grammatical
structures get a full answer and this is why the language and the structure used during teaching
do not reflect how the language is really used having an artificial nature, concentrating more on
something that has to be taught.
Exposing students to authentic speech exchanges through the use of multimedia increases
time spent on solving the task. It also frees the students from the limitations of course books,
creating a rich contextualized learning environment by combining audio, video and text,
providing the students with context: the events, the sounds, the sights and the social settings.
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
10 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
Teaching English refers to the development of the main parts or elements of the language
which are speaking, listening, reading, and writing.
Listening is defined as the process of identifying and understanding the speech of the
speakers. It involves understanding the speaker’s accent or pronunciation, speaker’s grammar
and vocabulary, and comprehension of meaning. The listener should be capable of doing these
four things at the same time. As an input skill, listening plays a vital role in student’s language
development. There are several technical ways for improving the listening capability of the ELL
student, such as:
Use of Computers
The use of computers in listening problems provides students with visual and voice
inputs which can enhance their information and ideas, and develop their listening skills.
Computer-based listening tests are very important in reinforcing the understanding skills of the
listener. CD-ROM based learning films can also provide significant advantages over the
traditional methods. Finally, Internet voice chatting using the second language may also aid the
communication capabilities of the student.
Broadcasting
Listening to TV and radio educational language programs is another technical way for
developing the understanding ability. However, the listening student should be careful in
selecting the specific programs that are suitable for his/her needs.
Use of CD-Players
The use of CD-player devices is another modern tool for listening comprehension. CD-
players are electronic instruments used specifically to run audio CD-ROMs. Lectures and
listening examinations can be saved on these audio CDs for later use by the ELL student.
Use of Tap-Recorders
Tap-recorders are one of the oldest technical listening tools, and their use is rapidly
decreasing now a days. However, they are still be utilized in certain cases and are attached with
some English language learning text-books.
Computers can raise the interest of reading for learners by the use of simple and easy to
understand text. Reading-based computer programs can be used to improve the word vocabulary,
fluency, and comprehension of the students. This also can enable ELL students to increase their
interaction with texts, pay their attention to individual needs, and enhance their abilities to read
texts they would not otherwise be able to read. Computers can perform several tasks
simultaneously and run programs at a very high speed. Learning computer programs can check
exercises after they are performed by students, move students gradually from easy to more
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
11 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
difficult problems according to their abilities. Computers can also be used to correct answers for
the learners, and to simulate tests in an easy to understand manner.
Multimedia are computer programs that use a mixture of text, graphics, sound, video, and
animation. Multimedia computer programs can increase the motivation for learners to develop
their vocabulary and reading skills.
There are many Internet web sites prepared to enhance the reading abilities of English
language learners. There are also a huge number of resources available in the form of
newspapers, magazines, journals, electronic libraries, dictionaries, encyclopedias, and
newsletters. Browsing these resources and sites will obviously enhance the learner's vocabulary
and reading ability.
Another modern way for improving the vocabulary of the learner focuses on the
utilization of electronic dictionaries designed for English language learners. These dictionaries
have several built-in functions and tools that are not provided in book dictionaries. Electronic
dictionaries are also easy to use and represent quick tools for vocabulary acquisition.
Human communication can be taken place between the speaker and the listener if only
they understand each other. Both speaker and listener have a positive function to perform in
simple terms. The speaker has to convert his message into spoken language, while the listener
has to understand the language of the speaker.
Chatting is the process of voice communication between the speaker and the listener
through the internet. This process may be very beneficial to the learner if the other side speaker
is a native language talker.
The writing process can be very difficult for learners of English language as they must do
tasks like generating ideas, organization, and perfect use of grammar and vocabulary. Some of
the technical ways for improving the writing skills for the ELL student are the following:
Use of Computers
Computers can be used to develop the writing skills of English language learners. Writing
statements and paragraphs in a foreign language can be very challenging for the students.
However, the use of computers and graphics-based programs can make the writing task much
easier and enjoyable, and can make them express their thoughts more clearly. Grammar skills
can also be improved with the aid of word processing programs. The learner can highlight a
specific part of the written text through underlining, bolding, italicizing, or changing the font size
and color of the text with the aid of these programs which have the capability of automatically
checking the spelling and grammar. So, the use of the computer as a tool in studying grammar is
much more motivating for the student than the process of traditional writing with a paper and a
pencil.
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
12 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO
TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING 2
MC ALLIED 2
(TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION)
Writing E-mails
Electronic mail is a modern way for writing and transferring messages through the
internet. Using e-mail can be a very effective means for improving writing skills. Students can
use E-mails to learn how to respond to the incoming messages using some formal statements and
meaningful language.
Text chatting is another important technical method for developing writing ability. It
provides an on-line and quick tool for writing and expressing thoughts, transferring ideas, and
responding instantaneously with the other side writer.
Teacher should analyze multimedia tools and use them effectively in the classroom.
Feedback from the students can be utilized to improve the efficiency of the teaching by the use
of Multimedia tools. Multimedia tools should be used appropriately and frequently to increase
the level of the teaching as well as learning. In other words, the role of the instructor together
with the role of the technology can lead to advanced learning results.
REFERENCES:
Oana, S. (2015). The Benefits of Using Technology in English Language Teaching. Retrieved from
https://www.scribd.com/document/271737053/The-Benefits-of-Using-Technology-in-English-
Language-Teaching
CATANDUANES COLLEGES
13 | MC ALLIED 2
Collegiate Department
Prepared by: Mr. JOHN KARLO Z. DOFREDO