Cloud Computing – Lecture 2

Cloud Computing Delivery

and Deployment Models
 Cloud Computing Services 2

• Cloud computing delivers infrastructure, platform, and software (application) as

services, which are made available as subscription-based services in a pay-as-you-go
model to consumers.
• All three models allow users to access services over the Internet, relying entirely on
the infrastructures of cloud service providers.
• Three common cloud delivery models have become widely established and
formalized: Cloud Service Service’s Customer
• Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
SaaS End Users
• Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
• Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) PaaS Developers

IaaS Operators - IT
Lecture 2- Cloud Computing
 Cloud Computing Services 3

Many specialized variations of the three base cloud delivery models have emerged, each
comprised of a distinct combination of IT resources. Some examples include:
• Storage-as-a-Service
• Database-as-a-Service
• Security-as-a-Service
• Communication-as-a-Service
• Integration-as-a-Service
• Testing-as-a-Service
• Process-as-a-Service
Note also that a cloud delivery model can be referred to as a cloud service delivery
model because each model is classified as a different type of cloud service offering.
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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• This model allows users to use virtualized IT resources for computing, storage, and
networking. In short, the service is performed by rented cloud infrastructure.
• It is the foundation of the three cloud services.
• It is a virtualized availability of hardware (in terms of Virtual Machine)
• Computing
• Storage
• Networking: Virtual network solutions
• The IaaS delivery model represents a self-contained IT environment comprised of
infrastructure-centric IT resources that can be accessed and managed via cloud
service-based interfaces and tools. This environment can include hardware, network,
connectivity, operating systems, and other “raw” IT resources. In contrast to
traditional hosting or outsourcing environments, with IaaS, IT resources are typically
virtualized and packaged into bundles that simplify up-front runtime scaling and
customization of the infrastructure.
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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• The elimination of overhead costs and flexibility are the main reasons why
companies choose to source their infrastructure through the cloud.
• The user can deploy and run his applications over his chosen OS environment. The
user does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure, but has control
over the OS, storage, deployed applications, and possibly select networking
components, virtual networking, firewalls, etc.
• This IaaS model encompasses storage as a service, compute instances as a service,
and communication as a service.
• Amazon Web Services (AWS) fall into this category
• Virtual machines have also created a way for users to obtain similar functionality to
preexisting hardware while eliminating data center space and recurring physical
support costs including maintenance, power consumption, and expertise to operate the
hardware.

Lecture 2- Cloud Computing

 Google 6

App Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Engine
• To be able to develop, deploy, and manage the execution of applications using
provisioned resources demands a cloud platform with the proper software
environment. Such a platform includes operating system and runtime library support.
This has triggered the creation of the PaaS model to enable users to develop and
deploy their user applications.
• This cloud service provides developers with the architecture to which they can
construct their own applications; PaaS vendors provide a ready‐to‐go hosting area for
applications.
• In this case, the term platform refers to something that abstracts away the lower levels
of the stack.
• Tools to create and deploy onto the cloud infrastructure user-created applications –
Programming languages, libraries, etc.

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• The platform cloud is an integrated computer system consisting of both hardware and
software infrastructure. The user application can be developed on this virtualized
cloud platform using some programming languages and software tools supported by
the provider (e.g., Java, Python, .NET). The user does not manage the underlying
cloud infrastructure. The cloud provider supports user application development and
testing on a well-defined service platform.
• User does not manage/control application infrastructure (network, servers, OS, etc.)
• Regardless of the complexity of the applications that are being developed, users can
then deploy these applications without the need for enterprise networking or
technical skills.
• User can control the deployed applications (configure hosting environment)
• Providers such as Windows Azure and Google App Engine (GAE) provide a platform
that users write to.
• For example, Google App Engine offers a Java and Python-based environment.

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Software as a Service (SaaS)
• This refers to browser-initiated application software over thousands of cloud
customers.
• The SaaS model provides software applications as a service. As a result, on the
customer side, there is no upfront investment in servers or software licensing.
• Hosted services (applications) accessible in thin client (Web browser)
• Customer data is stored in the cloud that is either vendor proprietary or publicly hosted
to support PaaS and IaaS.
• An example of this model is Salesforce.com. Here, specific provided applications can
be accessed from anywhere. Instead of hosting applications such as Customer
Relationship Management (CRM), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), and Human
Resources (HR) on-site, companies can outsource these applications.
• Gamil and Google Docs are other examples of SaaS.
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Software as a Service (SaaS)

• The best examples of SaaS services include Google Gmail and docs, Microsoft
SharePoint, and the CRM software from Salesforce.com. They are all very successful
in promoting their own business or are used by thousands of small businesses in their
day-to-day operations.
• A cloud consumer is generally granted very limited administrative control over a SaaS
implementation. User does not manage/control application infrastructure (network,
servers, OS, storage, etc.)
• Service may be hosted in a cloud data center (IaaS provider)
• The advantage of having service providers supply the application software through the
cloud eliminates necessary maintenance.
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 Combining Cloud Delivery Models 10

• All three cloud delivery models can

be combined to establish layers of IT
resources that build upon each other.
• For example, A PaaS environment
will be built upon an underlying
infrastructure comparable to the
physical and virtual servers and other
IT resources provided in an IaaS
environment.
• the ready-made environment
provided by the PaaS environment
can be used by the cloud consumer
organization to develop and deploy
its own SaaS cloud services that it
can then make available as
commercial products
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Cloud Computing Models

• The cloud computing model enables users to share access to resources from anywhere
at any time through their connected devices.
• A cloud deployment model represents a specific type of cloud environment, primarily
distinguished by ownership, size, and access.
• There are four common cloud deployment models:
• Public cloud
• Community cloud
• Private cloud
• Hybrid cloud

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Public Clouds
• A public cloud is built over the Internet and can be accessed by any user who has
paid for the service. Public clouds are owned by service providers and are
accessible through a subscription.
• The cloud provider is responsible for the creation and on-going maintenance of the
public cloud and its IT resources
• Many public clouds are available, including Google App Engine (GAE), Amazon
Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure,IBM Blue Cloud, and Salesforce.com’s
Force.com.
• The providers of the aforementioned clouds are commercial providers that offer a
publicly accessible remote interface for creating and managing VM instances
within their proprietary infrastructure.
• Users use service from Service Provider
• Because it is externally hosted, the added benefit of network flexibility also
comes along with vagueness regarding how data is stored and where it resides.
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Public Clouds
• The figure shows a partial view of the public
cloud landscape, highlighting some of the
primary vendors in the marketplace.
• Organizations act as cloud consumers when
accessing cloud services and IT resources
made available by different cloud providers.

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Community Clouds
• A community cloud is similar to a public cloud except
that its access is limited to a
• specific community of cloud consumers. The
community cloud may be jointly owned by the
community members or by a third-party cloud
provider that provisions a public cloud with limited
access.
• The member cloud consumers of the community
typically share the responsibility for defining and
evolving the community cloud
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 Private Clouds 15

• A private cloud is owned by a single organization. Private clouds enable an organization

to use cloud computing technology as a means of centralizing access to IT resources by
different parts, locations, or departments of the organization. When a private cloud exists
as a controlled environment, the problems described in the Risks and Challenges do not
tend to apply.
• It is a way of implementing a cloud infrastructure for the use and management of a single
organization.
• The purpose of private cloud computing is to have the benefits of virtualization, such as
the elimination of multiple servers, while having an infrastructure dedicated to one entity.
• It can either be hosted internally or externally, meaning that the infrastructure could be
served by internal resources or by a private cloud service provider.
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Private Clouds
• Private cloud solutions are utilized by larger organizations who wish to control
potential risks that come from operating with a public cloud.
• A private cloud is built within the domain of an intranet owned by a single
organization. Therefore, it is client owned and managed, and its access is limited to
the owning clients and their partners. Its deployment was not meant to sell capacity
over the Internet through publicly accessible interfaces.
• Self‐hosted private cloud solutions serve as a tool for organizations to obtain a
dedicated environment that is internally managed.
• It creates a highly secure network structure while giving administrators more
control over the configurations of the network in comparison to public cloud
computing.
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Private Clouds

A cloud service consumer in the organization’s

on-premise environment accesses a cloud service
hosted on the same organization’s private cloud
via a virtual private network.

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Hybrid Clouds
• A hybrid cloud is a cloud environment comprised of two or more different cloud
deployment models. For example, a cloud consumer may choose to deploy cloud
services processing sensitive data to a private cloud and other, less sensitive cloud
services to a public cloud. The result of this combination is a hybrid deployment model
• Hybrid cloud computing is a flexible way of combining on‐ and offsite applications
without running the risk of exposing potential vulnerabilities or accruing unnecessary
physical maintenance costs.
• Therefore, this style of configuration can help organizations choose what network
resources they feel should be privately managed and those that should be publicly hosted
for less security sensitive applications.
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• For example, a company is looking to deploy an architecture that would efficiently

and securely correspond to their sector and customer needs.
• The company could use private cloud environment for their internal portals and
network servers.
• Additionally, their website could be externally hosted, considering the information
is already made for public viewing and is less of a security concern if those
information stores were to be breached.
• For example, the Research Compute Cloud (RC2) is a private cloud, built by IBM,
that interconnects the computing and IT resources at eight IBM Research Centers
scattered throughout the United States, Europe, and Asia.
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 Hybrid Clouds 20

The figures shows an organization using a

hybrid cloud architecture that utilizes both a
private and public cloud.

Lecture 2- Cloud Computing