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Calibration of Pressure Gauge

The document describes calibrating a Bourdon tube pressure gauge using a dead weight tester. Masses are gradually added to a piston submerged in water to create known pressures, and the gauge's readings are recorded at each increment. The actual and measured pressures are then used to calculate the gauge's percentage error at different pressure levels. Graphs are made of gauge vs actual pressure and percentage error vs actual pressure to analyze the gauge's accuracy.

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yash ajay kashid
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260 views4 pages

Calibration of Pressure Gauge

The document describes calibrating a Bourdon tube pressure gauge using a dead weight tester. Masses are gradually added to a piston submerged in water to create known pressures, and the gauge's readings are recorded at each increment. The actual and measured pressures are then used to calculate the gauge's percentage error at different pressure levels. Graphs are made of gauge vs actual pressure and percentage error vs actual pressure to analyze the gauge's accuracy.

Uploaded by

yash ajay kashid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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CALIBRATION OF PRESSURE GAUGE

AIM:- To check the accuracy of a Bourdon tube pressure gauge using dead weight
tester.

INTRODUCTION:-
Many types of gauges are available for measurement of pressure. The
Bourdon gauge (named after its inventor Bourdon) uses the deflection of a tube of
oval cross-section to cause to cause a pointer to move over a scale. Because of its
simplicity and low cost, and the large selection of pressure ranges which are
available, the Bourdon gauge is widely used in engineering practice.
All pressure gauges, of whatever type, needs to be calibrated. As the
calibration may change over a period, repeat calibrations may well be needed from
time to time. The normal calibration procedure is to load the gauge with known
pressures, using a dead weight tester using oil. The present experiment, however,
works satisfactorily with water instead of oil.
In this experiment we check the accuracy of the Bourdon Tube pressure
gauge. The procedure will be to calibrate the gauge by applying weights of known
magnitude to the piston of known cross-sectional area and hence create a known
(calibration) pressure. The experiment will explore gauge error and prompt
discussion of common gauge errors such as hysteresis, friction and backlash scale
marking.

THEORY:-
The mechanism of the gauge may be seen through the transparent dial of the
instrument. A tube, having a thin wall of oval cross-section, is bent to a circular arc
encompassing about 270 degrees. It is rigidly held at one end, where the pressure is
admitted to the tube, and is free to move at the other end, which is sealed. When
pressure is admitted, the tube tends to straighten, and the movement at the free end
operates a mechanical system which moves a pointer round the graduated scale –
the movement of the pointer being proportional to the pressure applied. The
sensitivity of the gauge depends on the material and dimensions of the Bourdon
tube; gauges with a very wide selection of pressure ranges are commercially
available.
PROCEDURE:-
1. To fill the cylinder, the piston is removed, and water is poured into the cylinder
until it is full to the overflow level. Any air present in the tube may be cleared by
tilting and gently tapping the apparatus. The piston is replaced in the cylinder and
allowed to settle.
2. Ensure the cylinder is vertical.
3. Masses are added gradually in approximately 8 increments upto a maximum of
5.2 kg.
4. The pressure gauge readings should be recorded at each increment of loading.
5. To prevent the piston sticking, rotate the piston gently as each mass is added.
6. Reverse the procedure, taking readings as the masses are removed.
7. The cross-sectional area and the mass of the piston should be recorded.

PRECAUTIONS:-
1. On no account should more than the supplied masses be loaded.
2. Do not drop the masses onto the platform.
RESULTS AND CALCULATIONS:-
The actual hydrostatic pressure (p) in the system due to a mass of M kg
(including the piston mass) applied to the piston is given by:
M  9.81
p  10 3 kN / m 2
A
where A is the piston area in m2
Gauge Reading - Actual pressure
% Error =  100
Full scale deflection
The observed and derived results are tabulated in the form of following table.

Results for Increasing and Decreasing pressure

Gauge Reading Gauge error

Sr. Mass Total Actual Increasing Decreasing Increasing Decreasing


No. added mass pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure
to on P (kN/m2) (kN/m2) % %
2
piston piston kN/m
(kg) M
(kg)
Sample Calculations:-

GRAPHS:-
1. Gauge pressure against actual pressure
2. Percentage error against actual pressure

CONCLUSION:-

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