1

MIDTERM

MODULE 7

INTRODUCTION

This module is solely prepared for you to access and to acquire lessons befitted in your grade level.
The exercises, drills and assessments are carefully made to suit your level of understanding. Indeed, this
learning resource is for you to fully comprehend the Ways to Elucidate a Concept. Independently, you are
going to go through this module following its proper sequence. Although you are going to do it alone, this
is a guided lesson and instructions/directions on how to do every activity is plotted for your convenience.

TARGET

As you go through this lesson, you should be able to:

A. identify the ways to elucidate a concept;

B. list down words related to the following words: concept, definition, explication, and clarification;
C. Determine the technique/s used in developing the concept of a particular essay;

NAVIGATE

Ways to Elucidate a Concept

The concept paper defines an idea or a concept and explains its essence in order to clarify the
“whatness” of that idea or concept. It answers the questions: what is it and about it (Dadufalza 1996:183).
A concept paper starts with a definition, either formal of informal, of the term or the concept and proceeds
with an expanded definition and an analytic description of the aspects of the concept.

Purposes:
1. To clarify meaning of words, or to correct misinterpretations, or misuse of a term.
2. To stipulate the meaning of a term by limiting, extending, or redirecting the sense in which a term is
usually understood; to use a term, borrowed from another field of knowledge, in a special way.

Three ways of elucidating a concept:

1. Definition - is a logical technique by which the meaning of a term is revealed. Definition is important
because it clarifies the meaning of a word or a concept and it also limit the scope of that particular word or
concept. Limiting the scope controls and avoids misinterpretations, ague notions, and/or broad ideas.

Techniques
1. Formal – follows a pattern or equation: term + genus + differentia (differentiating characteristics) Ex. A
robot is a machine that looks like a human being and performs complex acts of a human being (Webster)
2. By synonym- using a word or phrase that shares a meaning with the term being defined. Ex: Hashish –
marijuana.
3. By origin or semantic history – Ex. Yoga comes from the Sanskrit “to join”
4. By Illustration – Ex: Known for their shedding their leaves in the fall, deciduous trees include oaks,
maples, and beeches.
5. By function – Ex: A thermometer measures temperature change.
6. By analysis (Breaking down wholes into parts, aspects into levels, and a process into steps) Ex: The
republican form of government has three branches: the executive, the legislative, and the judiciary.

2. Explication– is an attempt to reveal the meaning by calling attention to implications, such as the
connotations of words and the tone conveyed by the brevity or length of a sentence. An explication is a
commentary that makes explicit what implicit. – is a method of explanation in which sentences, verses,
quotes, or phrases are taken from a literary or academic work then interpreted and explained in a detailed
way. You may begin by analyzing how the text was constructed and end with a concise conclusion by
restating your major arguments. Explication not only illuminates a piece of literature, but also serves to
remind the readers about its historical setting and formal properties of style and language.

3. Clarification- it is a method of explanation in which the points are organized from a general abstract
idea to specific and concrete examples. The analysis of the concept is done by looking at the examples and
specifying its characteristics.

Signal Words for Clarification

After all for instance namely that is As an example in other words

put another way to be specific Consider the following example in particular
specifically To clarify for example in short stated differently

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MODULE 7 ACTIVITY

NAME: ______________________________________________________

STRAND/BLOCK: ___________________________________________

ENRICH
Direction: Complete the table below by filling in the missing information. Number 1 is already given as an
example.

Concept Sentence Manner of

Elucidating the
Concept
(Definition/
Clarification/
Explication)
1. Automatic Center Punch The automatic center punch is a device used to Definition
make a pinpoint indentation in a hard material
such as metal or plastic without the use of a
hammer.
2. Justice is a broad concept which encompasses a
wide set of ideas, most of which also branch out
into smaller notions. For instance, it can refer to
the sentencing of a criminal based on due process.
When an individual gets what he deserves, even
outside the hands of the law, it is also considered
justice in some context. This may come in the form
of vigilante justice, in which a person dissatisfied
with the system doles out punishing to wrong-
doers.
3. The speaker in the poem, The Road Not Taken uses
the word “sigh” to signify possible future regret for
the decision that he made when faced with two
paths. While the poem focuses on two physical
paths-roads diverging in a “yellow wood”, the
speaker is alluding to metaphorical paths– two
possible choices that will alter the course of his life.
4. From the moment in 1879 that cave paintings were
discovered at Altamira, scholars have wondered
why the hunter-artists of the Old Stone Age decided
to cover the walls of dark caverns with animal
images. Various answers have been given,
including that they were mere decoration, but this
theory cannot explain the narrow range of subjects
of the inaccessibility of many of the paintings. In
fact, the remoteness and difficulty of access of
many of the cave paintings and the fact they appear
to have been used for centuries are precisely what
have led many scholars to suggest that the
prehistoric hunters attributed magical properties
to the images they painted.
5. Boondocks (1944), a remote rural area, back
country, an isolated or wild region filled with dense
brush, comes from Tagalog bundok, “mountain.”
An “s” was added, since English has the tendency
to affix that letter to locations, as in the sticks (a
synonym for the boondocks), the damps, and the
woods. While the word means “mountain” to the
people of the Philippines, American soldiers
extended the meaning to any kind of rough country
or out-of-the-way locale.

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FOCUS

Directions: Answer the question briefly.

1. What is purpose of the concept paper?

POSTTEST

Directions: Accomplish the concept map by writing the words you associate with the word written at the
center.

CONCEPT

DEFINITION

EXPLICATION

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MODULE 8

INTRODUCTION

This module is solely prepared for you to access and to acquire lessons befitted in your grade level.
The exercises, drills and assessments are carefully made to suit your level of understanding. Indeed, this
learning resource is for you to fully comprehend the Various Kinds of Concept Papers. Independently, you
are going to go through this module following its proper sequence. Although you are going to do it alone,
this is a guided lesson and instructions/directions on how to do every activity is plotted for your
convenience.

TARGET

As you go through this lesson, you should be able to:

A. Distinguish the similarities and differences of concept papers from various disciplines;
B. Identify the specific field of discipline of the given sample concept papers;
C. Evaluate the effectiveness of a sample concept paper;
D. Create a concept paper related to one’s Track or Strand; and
E. Present one’s concept paper creatively.

NAVIGATE

Various Kinds of Concept Papers

A concept paper is a short summary of what the project is and why it is important and how it is
carried out. It serves as a prelude to a full paper. It aims to objectively inform the reader about the idea or
concept. It is an embodiment of your ideas on a certain topic.

A concept paper provides a concise summary of the key elements of a funding request for the
purpose of soliciting feedback and/or buy--in from prospective funders, prospective partners, and other
potential stakeholders.

A concept paper should follow any technical specifications provided by the funder. If no
specifications are provided, you may use the following:

Match the formatting of the funder’s full proposal specifications OR

– 1” margins
– single--spaced
– 11 pt Arial
– 0.25” left indented, fully justified paragraphs
— Bold headings where appropriate

The parts of a concept paper may vary depending on the specifications of the funding agencies, or
nature of the concept paper as used in a specific discipline. When a concept paper is used as a prelude to
a full-blown research, the following parts may be present:

Title Page contains:

Research title
Name and school
Date of submission

Background of the Study contains:

State the field you are researching on
State the problems to be addressed by the research, provide statistics and previous studies to prove your
claim
Reasons in conducting the research
Theoretical and practical implications

Preliminary Literature Review contains:

Provide theoretical framework
Provide major related literature review at least 5
Provide brief synthesis of the reviewed literature and studies.

Statement of the Problem/Objectives contains:

State the general problem in one sentence
State your specific research questions of objectives.

Methodology contains:
Context and participants of the study
Instruments to be used
Data collection procedures
Data analysis scheme to be used

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Timeline contains:
Duration of the research (Gantt chart)

Reference contains:
List of books, journals, and other resources cited in your paper

When you want to write a concept paper for a project proposal, you must follow the specifications
given by the funder or if there is none the following parts should be present:

Introduction
Introduce your idea and identify the program or opportunity you think is a good fit. Demonstrate that you
understand the mission of the funding agency and the types of projects that they support. Identify how
your project meets the goals of the funder. Identify any other funders that will be involved and their interest
in the project where appropriate. Introduce the question, problem, or need to be addressed.

Purpose/Need
Briefly provide supporting documentation for the importance of addressing this question, problem, or need.
If you have statistical data, use it. Cite significant and compelling sources. Why does this project matter?
Make sure you cite or refer to what others have accomplished relative to your project.

Project Description
Concisely describe what you plan to do, your approach, who benefits and potential impacts.

Goals/Objectives/Aims/Research Questions
Outline your goals, objectives/aims, and research questions. Goals are simply a clearer statement of the
vision, specifying the accomplishments to be achieved if the vision is to become real. The target
objectives/aims are clearer statements of the specific activities required to achieve the goals. A goal is a
statement describing a broad or abstract intent, state or condition. An objective is a statement of action or
intent to achieve measurable outcomes that relate to the goal.

Methods and Timeline

Briefly describe how the project be carried out, providing sufficient detail to allow the reader to assess
feasibility and likely impact but not so much detail that the reader is overwhelmed. Make sure the methods
and timeline are explicitly related to the goals and objectives.

Expected Outcomes/Benefits (and often Evaluation)

Budget/Needs & Requested Support

Contact Information

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MODULE 8 ACTIVITY

NAME: ______________________________________________________

STRAND/BLOCK: ___________________________________________

ENRICH
Direction: Recall your previous lesson on Ways to Elucidate a Concept. Read each statement and identify
the word or term being described.

______________________ 1.It is a logical technique by which the meaning of a term is revealed.

______________________ 2. It is an attempt to reveal the meaning by calling attention to implications, such
as the connotations of words and the tone conveyed by the brevity or length of a sentence.
______________________ 3. It is a method of explanation in which the points are organized from a general
abstract idea to specific and concrete examples.
______________________ 4. An academic text that defines an idea or a concept and explains its essence in
order to clarify the “whatness” of that idea or concept.
______________________ 5. Its purpose is to stipulate the meaning of a term by limiting, extending, or
redirecting the sense in which a term is usually understood; to use a term, borrowed from another field of
knowledge, in a special way.

FOCUS

Directions: Reach and answer the statement or question in each item number. Choose your answer from
the given options. Write only the letter that corresponds to your answer before each number.

___ 1. It provides a concise summary of the key elements of a funding request for the purpose of soliciting
feedback and/or buy--in from prospective funders, prospective partners, and other potential stakeholders.
A. Critique B. Concept Paper C. Review D. Reaction Paper

___ 2. It is a short summary of what the project is and why it is important and how it is carried out. It also
serves as a prelude to a full paper.
A. Review B. Reaction Paper C. Critique D. Concept Paper

___ 3. What type of a concept paper can be best used for the title below? “Safe Driving Can Save Lives: An
Initiative to Educate Drivers on Road Safety”
A. Project Proposal B. Research Proposal C. Expanded Definition D. Clarification

___ 4. Which of the following is NOT a key component of a concept paper for academic research?
A. Literature Review B. Background of the Study C. Budget Matrix D. Methodology

___ 5. The following are key components of a concept paper for a project, EXCEPT:
A. Statement of the Problem B. Project Description B. C. Goals/Objectives D. Expected
Outcomes

___ 6. What type of a concept paper can be best used for the title below? “Grade 10 Students’ Track
Preference for S.Y. 2021-2020”
A. Project Proposal B. Research Proposal C. Expanded Definition D. Clarification

7-10. Read the sample paragraph of a concept paper below. Identify which key component does each
paragraph belongs to.

___ 7. Since we are electing not to accept Skippy’s support to reduce the risk of bias in this study, we are
requesting $250,000 direct costs per year for three years for this study.
A. Purpose/Need B. Project Description C. Budget/Needs and Requested Support
D. Introduction

___ 8. We propose to compare consumer responses to fluffy vs. powdered peanut butter in 420 school age
children recruited from 6 urban schools in Los Angeles…
A. Purpose/Need B. Project Description C. Budget/Needs and Requested Support
D. Introduction

___ 9. In response to RFA--1234, Studies to Enhance the Texture of Peanut Butter, we propose a cross-over
randomized controlled trial to compare consumer preference for fluffy vs. powdered peanut butter among
school age children in urban communities. This project will address the USDA’s goal of understanding
consumer preferences in this difficult to please group and may provide critical insights into understanding
how and why these preferences often fail to persist into adulthood.
A. Purpose/Need B. Project Description C. Budget/Needs and Requested Support
D. Introduction

___ 10. More than 18 million children eat peanut butter every day, with peak annual consumption at age
11.7 years. Peanut butter consumption gradually declines through the remaining public school years and

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remains at about 0.6 jars per person per year throughout adulthood. The USDA and the peanut industry
have identified low peanut butter consumption as a major risk for multiple chronic conditions in adulthood
such as full—time employment, mortgage payments (sometimes extending as long as 30 years), and the
birth of children.
A. Purpose/Need B. Project Description C. Budget/Needs and Requested Support
D. Introduction

POSTTEST

Directions: Answer the question briefly.

1. How do concept papers from different disciplines vary from one another?

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REFERENCES IN MODULE 7

Online Sources

Compilation of Philippine Literature. College Uneducation by Jorge Bocobo. Retrieved from

compilationofphilippineliterature.blogspot.com Retrieved date August 6, 2020

Roland, D.R. Exploring the Typical Features and Structure of an Argumentative Essay with a Simple
Sample. Retrieved from my.uq.edu.au. Retrieved date August 6, 2020

REFERENCES IN MODULE 8

Online Sources

Barrot, J.S. (2016). Reading to Think, Thinking to Write: A Guide to Critical Thinking and Writing. Metro
Manila: Rex Bookstore
Ibones, J. et al. (2012). Worktext for English I: Study and Thinking skills. Mutya Publishing House: Malabon
City
Valdriz, J. (2017). A Presentation on Creating Reading and Writing Outlines. Retrieved from the website
https://www.slideshare.net/joeyvaldriz/creating-reading-and-writing-outlines

English for Academic and Professional Purposes Module 7-8