Introduction to

ARDUIN

O
Parag Narkhede & Shripad Deshpande
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
Engineering Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Pune

Contents

➢ Embedded System
➢ Microcontroller

➢ Arduino

➢ What it is?

➢ History

➢ Why it is?

➢ Products

➢ Arduino Uno

➢ Arduino Software

➢ Arduino Community

Embedded System

It is an application specific electronic system which consists of

hardware and software

Module Output
Input Processing Module
Module
3

Computer System

Keyboard
Motherboard Display
Mouse
CPU
Memory
 Communication Port
Oscillator

Microcontroller
A microcontroller is a computer-on-a-chip
 and many more . . .
5

AVR Microcontroller

• Advanced Virtual RISC

• developed by Atmel Corporation

• deliver a unique combination of performance, power efficiency,

and design flexibility

• Useful for applications involved in

• Automotive
• Building Automation
• Home Appliances
• Home Entertainment AVR
• Industrial Automation
microcontrollers
• Smart Energy
• Mobile Electronics
• PC Peripherals
• Internet-of-Things

ARDUINO uses
 Source: http://www.atmel.com/products/microcontrollers/default.aspx 6

What is Arduino?

• Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy

to-use hardware and software.

• Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a

finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an
output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing
something online.
 7

Arduino History

• The history of Arduino began in 2005

• Founders : Massimo Banzi (CEO), David Cuartielles,

• Born at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute as an easy tool

for fast prototyping, aimed at students without a
background in electronics and programming
• Initially Arduino started with simple 8-bit boards but 32 bit now
32 bit products for IoT applications, 3D printing, and embedded
environments are also available

• Arduino has been the brain of thousands of projects, from

everyday objects to complex scientific instruments.

Why Arduino?

• Arduino simplifies the process of working with microcontrollers

• Inexpensive - Arduino boards are relatively inexpensive

compared to other microcontroller platforms (cost less than
$50).

• Cross-platform - The Arduino Software (IDE) runs on Windows,

 MAC, and Linux operating systems. Most microcontroller systems
are limited to Windows. Even online IDE is also available.

• Simple environment - The Arduino Software (IDE) is easy-to

use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users to take
advantage of as well.

contd...

Why Arduino?

• Open source and extensible software –

• The Arduino software is published as open source tools,
available for extension by experienced programmers. • The
language can be expanded through C++ libraries • AVR-C code
can directly be added into your Arduino programs • Open source
and extensible hardware –
• The plans of the Arduino boards are published under a
Creative Commons license, so experienced circuit designers
can make their own version of the module, extending it and
improving it.
• Relatively inexperienced users can build the breadboard
version of the module in order to understand how it works and
save money.
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Arduino Products
 11

contd...

Arduino Products
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Arduino UNO

• The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the

ATmega328 microcontroller

• The Arduino UNO is the most used board in the family of Arduino
boards.

• If you are starting out with Arduino, this is the board to get.

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 Meet Arduino Uno

14
Atmega328 Microcontroller
• High Performance, Low Power Atmel®AVR® 8-Bit
Microcontroller Family
• RISC Architecture
• Memory
• 32 KB flash memory
• 2 KB of SRAM
• Input and Output
• 14 digital input – output pins
• Peripherals
• 10 bit, 6 channel Analog to digital converter
• 16 bit timer and counter
• Real Time Counter
• Programmable Serial USART
• Serial Peripheral Interface
• Two wire Interface
• Operating Voltage
• 1.8 - 5.5V15
Technical Specifications - UNO
Microcontroller ATmega328P
Operating Voltage 5V

Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V

Input Voltage (limit) 6-20V

Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)

PWM Digital I/O Pins 6

Analog Input Pins 6

DC Current per I/O Pin 20 mA

DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328P) of which 0.5 KB used
by bootloader

SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328P)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328P)

Clock Speed 16 MHz

LED_BUILTIN 13
Length 68.6 mm
Width 53.4 mm
Weight 25 g

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Getting Started

• Check out:
http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePage 1.
Download & install the Arduino environment (IDE) (not
needed in lab)
2. Connect the board to your computer via the USB
cable
3. Install the drivers (if not installed automatically)
4. Launch the Arduino IDE
5. Select your board
6. Select your serial port
7. Write your program
8. Upload the program
 9. Run the program !

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Arduino IDE
 editor message area
Verify / Compile:
checks your code for errors
Upload:
compiles your code and
uploads it to Arduino Board New:
creates a new sketch
Open:
open a menu of all the
sketches in your sketchbook
Save:
saves your sketch
Serial Monitor:
opens the serial monitor
editor: area where you write
the code
Message area: gives
feedbackwhile saving, exporting
and also dispays errors
 18

Arduino IDE
• The main features you need to know about are: •
Code area: This is where you will type all your code
• Info panel: This will show any errors during compiling
or uploading code to your Arduino
• Verify: This allows you to compile your code to code
the Arduino understands. Any mistakes you have made
in the syntax of your code will be show in the info
pannel
• Upload: This does the same as verify but will then
send your code to your Arduino if the code is verified
successfully
• Serial Monitor: This will open a window that allows
you to send text to and from an Arduino. We will use
this feature in later lectures.
 19

Using Arduino • Write your

sketch
• Press Verify Button to
check for errors and
compile

• Press upload button to

program Arduino Board
with your sketch
 20

Before we begin coding

 21

Structure of an Arduino “sketch”

The program written for Arduino is called as Sketch.

void setup()
{
// put your setup code here, to run once:

}
void loop()
{
// put your main code here, to run
repeatedly:

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Arduino Community
• The official Arduino website www.arduino.cc
• Provides tutorials, references, designs
• Blog: https://blog.arduino.cc/
• Forum: https://forum.arduino.cc/

• All the functions can be found at:

• https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/HomePage

• Famous Arduino Introductory websites:

• Adafruit
• Sparkfun

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