JECRC University, Iaipur

Department of Physics
B. Tech. /I Senester
Applied Physics DPHO0TA
to allcnpl the questi0n with your oiginality
Sudents arc advised intormation
Instructions:
the questiOns wilh
corcct.to-thc-point with nccessary will be proportionate
to the delay
Better to answer narking
On tume
s u b m i s s o n will be apprccatcd, failing which ncgative
10-10-2022
Date of Submission:
Issuing Date: 01-10-2022
Assignment - 1
its mierostate und ts
Mechanics matler in
hehavior o
Unit 1: Quantum nmechanics to analze the qunantum
undamentals of quantum
COL Learn the
apple atons
Section A
been accelerated from
rest on

wavelength of an clectron which has

Calculate the de-Broglie
1
application of potential of 400volts. 0 613T
a) 0.1653 Å 1224= 1229 12.2
b) 0.5125 A
0.6135 A
d) 0.2514 Å
following is the correct expression for group velocity? d
Which of the
2 dE N o n e of these
dk
(a) u = dE (b)v ddv (c) ,hdk
wave
dk form of Schröd1nger
Which of the following is the
correct expression for the steady-state
imerdrbendmtorm
function?
h Vy
(a) py= -i;
h OV+Vy (b) E 2m ôx
2m Ox

h oyVy h Vy
(c) Ey =i
2m Ox
Ey =2m Ox' form'
function is considered independent of time to achieve the steady state
Which
(a) (b) dy/dt ( c ) dw/dx ( (potential energy)
What does the following figure shows?

Wave function for Infinite Potential Well

Wave function for Finite Potential Well
Ires.Day"*
b)
c) Probability Density function for Infinite Potential Wellro%. wwt
d Probability Density function for
T h e following Is possible wave function
Finite Potential Well

Wase-funet'm;
OShd Vaued

inie
(a) True (3 mtnueus
A alse
 JLCRC University, Jaipur
Department of Physics
S Tech Physics
JECRC University. Jaipur
Department of Physics
Quantum mechanics is
Afplied Physies DPU001A\
AFplied pPh.Semester
derlcrent from
B. Tech. - I/I Semester

(a) there Applied Physics DPHOO1A

(b)
is a
probabilistic apprvach classical mechanies
that in 4. Show that the valuc of energy which a photon mut have so that it may transfer half of its energy
a
particle without the
(c) there is wave function cnciopass over to an electron at rest is about 256 KeV in a Compton scattering
a l l of these approach potential barrier may a
still tunnel througn 5. Calculate the kinetic energy imparted to the recoil electron, when X-ray of wavelength 14 are
8. If the photon is block at
shift s
scattered in
oppoSite direction 6.
scattered from a carbon nght angle.
Find the probability that a particle in a box of width "a can be found between x-0 and x=a n.
. and g Ven b
to the direction of incident photon then
.

9/In Compton scattering 11 photo1 by

Compton when it is in nth state.
1s
tan o) 1s Scattered
perpendicularly. then the direction
of recoil electron
7. What shall happen to degéneracies for n,+ny +nz = 4. if the box s not cubical but

rectangular parallelepiped with sides a. b and c such that a = b c?

(a2 1 c)2a
(d) None of these m
8.
Calculate theVo probability of transmission width of
particle through
alpha 1A°. the rectangular barrmer
10. Write down the quantum
mechänical operator of indicated as
=

2eV,E leV and barrier

= =

kinetic energy and 9 Give a brief account of Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM).
11. The
operator angular momentum. Section-DD
y
ax operates on =

egives an eigen value of 1. What is Compton shift? Deduce the expressions for
(a) 4
(b) 8 (c) 16 u ) And verification.
Compton shift and give its
experimental
12. Which one
of the following operators GNone M Derive time independent
is
assoated with energy 2. Schrödinger's wave equation and deduce E¥ H =

-v v)-ihv T ne olepnnilts 3. Derive the Schrodinger wave

the corresponding
equation for a particle bound to move in one dimension. Calculate
eigen wave functions and eneTg eigen values.
13. The term Ct 4. A particle is
Non-degeneracy dictates that
thee is trapped in a cubical box. bound to move only in one dimension
one-to-many
One-o-One, Enrelationship
1gen values and eigen wave furiction (T/E). between the energy (a) Write down the boundary conditions for
i4. Particle the potential and existence of
trapped in rectangular box will always
a
have
n, correspondingly. wave function

15. In
rectangular potental hox, the
a non-degeneracy. (T/F) at b*¢ (6) Wnte down the
Schrodinger's wave equation for the
numnbers g2: um
Schrödinger's wave equation for 3 particleparticle inside and outside the box.
are samc theil the
have degeneracy. (T/F) particics wili always (c) Solve the
16. The transmission function and energy inside the box and obtan
17. In
probability fal's off. if the bartier width or the (Vo- E) decreases. (T/F) (d) How the
eigen values. 2gen a e
Alpha decay, the potential barmer appears Degeneracyand
alpha particle
Quantum MechanicalNon-degeneracy
on states
torce.
is due to the .............. What is can have the
particle
18. In STM, tunneling current depend upon of regions of Tunneling? Write down
potential barrier problem and interpret the the Schrõdinger's equations for all the
(a) tip position Transmittance at the boundaries. solutions. Define the
(c) applied voltage Retlectivity and
(c) local density of states of the
ample (d) All of these
Section B
Why the term*Group velocity" is needed for wave function?
Why the wave function y itself 1as no
physical significance?
hat do youthe
understandstate
with "Operator and
"Expectation Values" in quantum mechanics?
packet.
Wrle
5 down
What do
steady ion of motion equa of wave
you mean by degenerac::
6 What do you understand with
potential barTIer
Section - C
Making use of Uncertainty princ ple,
in nucleus
a) prove that Proton and Neutron resides
(b) Calculate the radius of Bohr' first orbil.
in
l0 m . Calculate the minimunm uncertainty
A confined to a nuclcus of diameter 5
nucleon is

the momentum and kinetic energy of the nucieon

d t are the essential conditions for a wave function delning a system must obey and why

he y
 Section-B

) De-Kaaalit kyjthais xovjded he idea o motto uwo 0Laociaed.

uh evoy movng hoschcle wvrlh wave (phase) 1yelbc-ty,
V vritio 'hy Clausical woue c", y-A Sin lwt-kx)
So, (m)

Mechamia
vioil }rtolh.
e agsum =C then V:C
But V<<c_
, >C
qi ldeathat Lnstad o a ingle 0ROUakd
Q4300t wHh hi
yy_axhicle uwhase nut veloaiy by h henilleo
8uerfosltHon i graat hanCx6ms)
ence, Aom GROUP VEL0 LITY i neoded
lo Wawe Funchion.

(2
(2) we kyow hat age is mothin but a dis-wb ance the
wedium. uove funchon ( i somttking ushase 10niatims
amaBe he De-puoglie wave but it is net an obsoual
guondiy
Ey the Conapt o, (Uone lacket uenow hata ohole goup
uOR agsdcia/es with a muoving bahcle writh leadd
mestainty in fnding ata exáct bosi-Hou. Hene,
bwbobi)litic ophoah iu adopo. But the howhabi.li-
ivdigbobttick ako dilpéra. along o-h Change
Amp-liole. Difercent hcoues osidet P{hT) o be
 AItOtiak& wh onbobilly ot Omlude. But hoholl
uole Cam be 4)ve o (-)
e lo.1] 0nd omplu
So(')ix Considencd 0J a Complex hoyin
huysi cal Agnitiante.

(3) Dbecato in genial is mathematical u l e that rherat

en a Auncton to euoid a dieant pp om, f
ueth Some elgen a.lue. n antum Machamica,, uaw
untton ( a 04 t-houde Containim non 0.
ahouct dilleet_bhasical ObseU}ablu Jh intc en
mmeactum, vlbuy,etc
Thee u a Mathematical 8exadest assoualed. uwih
eVsyphsical ohseraable |hat ohoaks on. VCK)
Dnd aiks ha Falue o that 0sua}e 0iazn. 1o

he pebabtllistie exhecked value ol Omybhyaical v0cua

e he ose0ge o 'all he josuibe guftbms bt th 10lu
n4hysital ivasiable.
(v*AYdt
wY.dT

() mf-U ÉV
H
m Jt
s)he eoem dtgenstacy poouJ One-- many suloationship
betuten eneogy eiaen volbes Omd. igen uvaAe unchon..

exanps,h)LOnR -wncHions e deent set o

quan-lum qumberu (na, My, Mz) haik 2Ome eln o l e

C2
 SectionC

(1 (a) ve kuou hat adius o nucleus iu = 10*m

1 w ajsume -/hat Ah oton Om euton j m.
he muclus Ahm maiümum Un(os td aintu in

A dr= 2x10m

AnA
APy A E662x 1o-34
aTAma x. x3 x ax/o+4

An 6:275X|02Kaml
To-lal nengy ofSqstem(E) = k-E+ PE
AE AT+ AU
2m
(2
APmin=2
KEmi
min
22

SO
2

Azh Anm. h

3
A, min.663x jo-s SSx o-3k
Lx3.14x 5x/0-4

AKE-(A*
m

()nuceem is a.rton (a)nucleon iu a neuten

A KEYW (156x/-51
28 64X |o24

AKE= I-49x [0*J

Twwum AnCetainty Jm omtum|4in

ja AkE
55X10Km ile in kinet'e enbay(OE,
(3) Conditien Ahat awave f" ddining a usttm must obey ae;

(1 Singe Valuud; Considvimg a 1-D Syslem, dt dieunt voues

oL (x), hou exiut dillerunt "voluaol
tle hpbabilidyol fAndimg th parthcle.. Fb Omu gvtn
valuits e C Omd t , heite shduld be. a mgue value o

In eth weds use , Con Jay hat at a bochcula pos kan.

Thu exists a Single 19du o PLsi o asngte value
obrbakility o roding fhr_cticle. 1t Con't hahen
a t ot a hoticulan posion er eeOmhle 2=a
ihouxists utiWe 16aluiu o nhabilkly o-nding
oschicle..
Malt-va
wawe f#n

X .

Stnele VQued -92

CWase. fn

Ende The woe tincion khould be. nite ' win

Squasced, it givu the lobabilily densily, ohich
when mhibicd by h votume o dSral xegion
o Shace (Smdl Cnbugh hat the Jhb. diniity dount
y y sinitonty), cgiu Phe eobabilil iat the
otice wu be found thoe,
Sina bocicle wust be Somuwheoce., he otat
hpbobi yt e L o othoe wool the fonctio
Shouldhe guvtna lised.. So, a uose funohon ohose.
 Ankinite (bn't be
interal 6V all 8iate u

o alized to 1.

(3) Contnuoua; he wowe tunttom Kag to be Cahinup

(a)
A
Coninusus Wone fT
(o)

Ds-Conhinuous Woge +"

srdunsyt-
Houe 2
n q2u Can Se hat n aCutain anea how
Euti me_whabeliHIL oLindi ha_hascticle.ue ta
hut On intoupd hobSbilitylo indun
Concut oy modes but Shoull exiut.
Setondy, it raku m Bense to Conyidu he
n l i r hoscticlh thouough a hah uwidi sja:i
he Ae ekist oMD yuobahiltyd el thding h
oticke,
 Sechon-O

(1) The em omplom Shift can be delned as Change im

waweltgth othe mcid ent "þhoton cutJo lo
in CnëAgy "when Scattcored by aopite oose ly
bownd elecon almast in Ahe slate of scest.

AA = Ap - Ai

Ssattend he ton
Sin
C

Jntdint helm
Cos

COMPTONN deceiled Electn

SCATTELTNh PSinQ Pemv

bluing Laus o ans of Momenum

(L)lng -Au's
hE0=h6Cos + m Cos
C

mCoshf-h£
C
Gse-o

()ln Feis
hC Sin +/-m Sh¢)
mv Sin hfs Sin
Squasiyy eq.0#0 d adding hhem.
Sin' )+m°v°Cos=h*4
C2
Stn*0 +hf+ hf°Cos*
c2

C2

K Law ono mtewation.

ht+m.CA hf +=
mc
est Mass Sncgy

hf-hf mc-m»C2
Lh£-ht)+ m.C2 e mc2
Squauinq it
(h4-he)+mic+a c(hf-hf) =mc
hAah£B+ mic"+m.c'hf- Am.chh= mc
Sub teactir ea, () 4um )

n(C ): ahLA(Cos6=1)+m.c hm(f

CL

C mc4hmc(f-£}-2KR(1-
m'c"- ec"+ Rh moc(f-4%) ahf£A-Gao)»
-

APT (L-(ns0)-Aimc(f-£C)
hf(1- Coso)- c(f-1!)
mC

h -Co ®) =
Cf- c

A-A h 1-Cosee)
moC

AA=/ha 1-Cos
mC
» (Cmptan Wauelengtn)= O.0244

Eneciental voufication, 0t lompen SHect;_

is
he eroument al aotangement o the vufcation
Shouwn belpur; Braga Shecdommkn
Monochomahic
-Lan Scattoud
Soune
>
Uniaterct
Scalero tays

Monochnoratic X-Kay o woyelkna-th A aloutd to fall on a

Satteumg mt colal"ke a Small hlock C

bj a b o n . .
The Scattud. -Pays ae suCcivcd hy Bragg Spectwmet
Ond it wawchngfh detemimed
The she-eemte (aneeb s60tale inm an aoc about o a kL s0dia-Hm the
obsewd dhat loSattesóng
the &tattow. AaANelery:h u
Az0:408A.hen
(A uD
The wauclenath
o S Cattousl N-Pay is measwed lor uaclength
I h e modifed
Omale A -10', O:H30A.
du eoemt alues th Scattesirq angle. ound to he
nuScattesced an adAditn do hu
cadiaton.
imudent wonlenfh (A), theou ecat a lime o
ngo wacleng(A), 0:430- 0 - 0 8

The Chamae n iavelength (AA) kwsun a = C022

COmpton i t that _5ay beih Org SCazth.oing. e AA goes

uewith he
The enpeumental value19abue 002UA. 7hs
Og-cdec hreretcal
eeimontol esired
Camp ton.'s eet was
btaimeol buj lomyen
he ereoumental suults
a e shouon_in he Ha Eour;
0 UnSatten
lasiation
douiata wth a Sysfem o wave
(2) Consiclare a ueye f" Y(xrt)_
Oct imelt) ELocaton (
y= A e
w Yt) =y(a) e-jwt O
AA.
Selution
0-90
Modfied
Difowntiatina ea.O wnt (t)
0paueleng
de-otx d(-ict) (-iau) e t
AA
y dt
(icwt)
0=I8S
Adam dilL. wrt t)
(1%) e-iaE-q w-iwt
-A=

hueti -Ihe nelue in e4. )

Waelenyh
 knaw hat
Now,=we
-icu e105T (By ep)
12
-i(4rf#)V = -i(AT E)Y
-iw = h
y w
A

Y=- /uTa - YT2

h EV= ih dy

uttingthe value in ea.

h
V2+dm iKdy-mU9 -o
E=KE+P E KE=E-PE
E-U
m v m(E-U)
V dm i h -UVE0

Vy+gn'm (E-0) O_ 4= dm/UY-ih

h

h
Schoodigeus ime m
nodependunt uaNe Ea
y+ m(E-Uo
t
t2

)
+ dmE - m U 0 Snegy Oboaor
Hamiltonian
Opoatoa
latils m 1-0 Sox So Cos k/o)
D= AStnk lo)+ 2

Frue aticle in -D moion SO_

Plx)= A Stn Kc
O = A Sin k (a)
A Cant be Zou (0).
So Sin K(a) =O
Sin k(a)= Sin (n T
elining beundasy bndi-Hons. ; Ka=tnT
K: nT

FremShoiodimgers aAe q ing Nomal Zaion ondiim

y2+amE-U)YY=o
For 1-p2 A Sin K A* Sinkx dx=L
dm(E-u)V-0
A Sin kx dx A 1-Cos Kz).dx =1.
Consideun_hosttie Amside the bo t e .
wa E aeHtle mavin
d m EY=0
n 1-D.
A Cos nT x doc =i
Ky=0
SohuHon; Wx)= ASin kx+ BCoskaec n/a
 S.)S(n a
Eraon uwaa unttm for a
acthcl insids a1- Dox Oulside /he boz ; 4n(E-UO

Nou (c) amE =O

Also, k= dm£
So lutin W(«) ASink+k Cokx X
=

x)-0 at 0zxza
n7 amE
O= ASins (o) +8 Cos x(0)
B-O

am2 Y x)= A SinKx

Uing Notnali2atin (ondihn;
iw.yt. dbx -
(L) (0) for O< 2<a'3|
U 0, ¢0 ASinK A Sin Kx:1
) O2x2a
U , y =0

hside he box r So, Elzm Wane f"

amE =
2
Auo x)= 0 at xa
A Sin K (a)
 So, K: n mE ) 663X3X /A)
Q he
Fneyy Fjen Valu. 3x10x 0:024x10 (KE)-
E m0
G:62x
o2XI0°xI 0 2 x 10-10

(KE)-=4661XID-J|
(a) Cubic Steuclure ù gien in the qution but th motin
_bauticle has te he Considobed nly in ne-
diecHoen. Hence., only single quiom-lum no.
l he Canaidoad, ie, M nae dimension metion).
s u s u l s in one-fo-on slatiohb bekageen bosiliy ofhachicle. to be Lound msid h box;
a/n a/n
u Cne etaom alusa, Omd etgm twaue funcHon,
Aence e toum Sinn d
E h Non-dtgeneaty a
Cnuidgced
-Cos )x .d

Secion-C
-Sin (
(5) 2mT/
90
(KE)22
a-Sin ))
2na
A: - A =h_ (1-Cosee)
Ans.)
=
(O 024 (1- Cos 90)+!)10- m the tobasiuiky that a jatcle sn a box ol widh a"
i 024x IO-m Kon be lfound Sotusttn O nd =a/n, uhen T

KE he-hf' =h¢-hc
 Aluo haxalelbikd
x+a+ z Foe a uclongulox
(a) 2 =L

21+
(c 2
m

4,2), (.11), (,2,1) Sn z Sr

ac )nnnz ac
Fe Cubical Ko
Stn z
amCa a
Ond
E
Si/a
NaS
Sin
Sin nzT\Z
12
but EEE1 E
Lu dm a2 a a SO
Deaenacy scds
E u
11 hasaliihc.
a cucomgu larc.

T ostdro ®_dlegentsacy
U.
gcts seduceA uom 3 to
egeneroty o oLder 3 ywhen 3-D sumtlie is Chanad com a Cubrcal
SO obseuyed e a Cubical hOxto-a °tc-lomguulare baulleloihel.