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Assignment 4

This document contains 7 questions related to electrical transformers. Question 1 asks to calculate various equivalent resistances and reactances for a given transformer. Question 2 asks to calculate efficiency and regulation for a single-phase transformer given test results. Question 3 asks to determine maximum efficiency for a given transformer. Question 4 asks to calculate efficiencies at various loads for another transformer. Question 5 asks to calculate the all-day efficiency for a transformer operating under different load conditions. Questions 6 defines an auto-transformer and its uses/merits/demerits, and asks related calculations. Question 7 asks about current distribution and copper economy for an auto-transformer.

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Tushar Verma
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78 views

Assignment 4

This document contains 7 questions related to electrical transformers. Question 1 asks to calculate various equivalent resistances and reactances for a given transformer. Question 2 asks to calculate efficiency and regulation for a single-phase transformer given test results. Question 3 asks to determine maximum efficiency for a given transformer. Question 4 asks to calculate efficiencies at various loads for another transformer. Question 5 asks to calculate the all-day efficiency for a transformer operating under different load conditions. Questions 6 defines an auto-transformer and its uses/merits/demerits, and asks related calculations. Question 7 asks about current distribution and copper economy for an auto-transformer.

Uploaded by

Tushar Verma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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B.Tech.

EEIOT
Semester-1, Basic Electrical Technology (ESC101-A)
Assignment-4
1. A 50-kVA, 4,400/220-V transformer has R1 = 3.45 Ω, R2 = 0.009 Ω. The values of
reactances are X1 = 5.2 Ω and X2 = 0.015 Ω. Calculate for the transformer (i) equivalent
resistance as referred to primary (ii) equivalent resistance as referred to secondary (iii)
equivalent reactance as referred to both primary and secondary (iv) equivalent
impedance as referred to both primary and secondary (v) total Cu loss, first using
individual resistances of the two windings and secondly, using equivalent resistances
as referred to each side.
2. A 4-kVA, 200/400 V, single-phase transformer takes 0.7 amp and 65W on Open-
circuit. When the low-voltage winding is short-circuited and 15 V is applied to the high-
voltage terminals, the current and power are 10 A and 75 W, respectively. Calculate the
full-load efficiency at unity power factor and full-load regulation at 0.8 power-factor
(lag).
3. Derive Condition for Maximum Efficiency in 1-phase transformer. A 11000/230 V,
150-kVA, 1-phase, 50-Hz transformer has core loss of 1.4 kW and F.L. Cu loss of 1.6
kW. Determine: (i) the kVA load for max. efficiency and value of max. efficiency at
unity p.f. (ii) the efficiency at half F.L. 0.8 p.f. leading.
4. A 5-kVA, 2,300/230-V, 50-Hz transformer was tested for the iron losses with normal
excitation and Cu losses at full-load and these were found to be 40 W and 112 W
respectively. Calculate the efficiencies of the transformer at 0.8 power factor for the
following kVA outputs: 1.25, 2.5, 3.75, 5.0, 6.25, and 7.5. Plot efficiency vs kVA
output curve.
5. Define All-day Efficiency. A 5-kVA distribution transformer has a full-load efficiency
at unity p.f. of 95%, the copper and iron losses then being equal. Calculate its all-day
efficiency if it is loaded throughout the 24 hours as follows: No load for 10 hours,
Quarter load for 7 hours, Half load for 5 hours and Full load for 2 hours. Assume load
p.f. of unity.
6. What is an Auto-transformer? What are its uses, merits and de-merits? Define copper
saving calculations. An auto-transformer supplies a load of 3 kW at 115 volts at a unity
power factor. If the applied primary voltage is 230 volts, calculate the power transferred
to the load (a) inductively and (b) conductively.
7. The primary and secondary voltages of an auto-transformer are 500 V and 400 V
respectively. Show with the aid of diagram, the current distribution in the winding when
the secondary current is 100 A and calculate the economy of Copper in this particular
case.

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