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Supplementary Examinations

This document is a supplementary examination for a fluid mechanics module taken by mechanical engineering and automobile engineering students. It consists of 13 questions testing students' knowledge of key fluid mechanics concepts. Section A contains 9 short answer questions testing terms like fluid properties, pressure, flow regimes, pipe flow, and hydraulic concepts. Section B contains 2 longer questions involving dam stability and pipeline flow calculations. The document provides relevant diagrams and equations to assist students with the calculations.

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42 views5 pages

Supplementary Examinations

This document is a supplementary examination for a fluid mechanics module taken by mechanical engineering and automobile engineering students. It consists of 13 questions testing students' knowledge of key fluid mechanics concepts. Section A contains 9 short answer questions testing terms like fluid properties, pressure, flow regimes, pipe flow, and hydraulic concepts. Section B contains 2 longer questions involving dam stability and pipeline flow calculations. The document provides relevant diagrams and equations to assist students with the calculations.

Uploaded by

researchdit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TRANSPORT

Department of Transport Engineering and Technology


Programme: Bachelor Degree (NTA Level 7II) in Mechanical Engineering and Automobile
Engineering
Academic year 2020/2021 – Supplementary Examination

MODULE CODE : MEU 07405/AEU 07409


MODULE NAME : Fluid Mechanics
EXAMINATION DATE : October, 2021
TIME ALLOWED : 3:00 Hours

Instructions:

1. This paper consists of 13 questions.

2. Answer ALL questions in Section A and any Two (2) questions from Section B.

3. Scientific calculators are allowed.

4. Start a question on fresh page.

This paper consists of 4 printed pages

1
SECTION A
1. Write short notes on the following terms
(i) Fluid
(ii) Viscosity
(iii) Absolute pressure [6 marks]

2. The velocity distribution of a viscous liquid (dynamic viscosity = 0.9 Ns/m2) flowing
over a fixed plate is given by u = 0.68y - y2 (u is velocity in m/s and y is the distance
from the plate in m). What are the shear stresses at the plate surface and at y= 0.24m?
[6 marks]

3. A manometer connected to a pipe in which a fluid is flowing indicates a negative


pressure head of 60mm of mercury. What is the absolute pressure in the pipe in Pascal’s.
Density of mercury is 13600kg/m3. [6
Marks]

4. Write short notes on the following terms as applied to Buoyancy and stability
(i) Stable equilibrium
(ii) Unstable equilibrium
(iii)Neutral Equilibrium [6 Marks]

5. The head of water over the centre of an orifice of diameter 20mm is 1m. The actual
discharge through the orifice is 0.85litre/s. Find the coefficient of discharge. [ 6 Marks]

6. Write down the expressions for the total Head Loss for
(i) Pipe in series [ Figure 1a.] and
(ii) Pipes in parallel [Figure 1b.] (6 Marks)

Figure 1a Figure 1b

2
7. Explain the terms ‘major loss’ and ‘minor loss’ as applied in the pipe flow analysis
[6 Marks]

8. Glycerin with ρ = 1258 m3/s , µ = 9.6 x 10-1 N.s/m2 flows with a velocity of 3.6m/s in
120mm pipe diameter. Determine whether the flow is laminar or turbulent. [ 6 Marks ]

9. Briefly describe the difference between a Pump and Turbine.


10. With aid of an equation explain the following terms as applied in fluid flow analysis
(a) Hydraulic grade line (HGL)
(b) Energy grade line. (EGL)

SECTION B

11. (a) A concrete dam of width 15m has the cross-sectional profile shown in Figure 2.
Calculate the magnitude and position of action of the resultant force exerted by
the
water on the dam for Case (a) and magnitude of resultant for case (b). (15 Marks)
(b) Suggest which among the TWO cases a good design structurally. (5 Marks)

Case (a) Case (b)

Figure 2

3
12. A 1500m long pipeline connects two reservoirs which have surface levels with a 20m
difference in height. For the first 500m leaving the upper reservoir the pipe is 200mm in
diameter and has a Darcy f of 0.005. The remaining length of pipe is 900mm in diameter
and has a Darcy f of 0.0045. The pipes are joined by a sudden expansion and the ends of
the pipes where they join the reservoirs can be considered as sharp edged.
(a) Determine the flow in the pipeline. Take minor losses into account.
(b) (b) In this case was it worth the extra effort to allow for the minor losses?
[20 Marks]

Figure 3
13. Calculate the head added by the pump when the water system shown below carries a
discharge of 0.37 m3/s. If the efficiency of the pump is 80%, calculate the power input
required by the pump to maintain the flow. [ 20 Marks]

Figure 4

4
Graph for Question No. 8.

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