10

English
Quarter 2 - Module 8

Deliver a Prepared or Impromptu on an

Issue Employing the Techniques

in Public Speaking
CO_Q2_ENGLISH10_MODULE8
English – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 8
First Edition, 2019

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Published by the Department of Education Secretary:

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 10

English
Quarter 2 – Module 8:
Deliver a Prepared or Impromptu on an
Issue Employing the Techniques
in Public Speaking
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your
studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are
carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you
discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell
you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or
your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you
need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each
activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our
facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your
home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a
separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully
before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

Do you know that you can have a complete discourse and a nice text conversation by using
techniques in public speaking?

Developing your public speaking skills can increase your confidence and help you overcome
speech-related anxiety you may have. Effective public speaking skills can help with career
advancement, as they indicate creativity, critical thinking skills, leadership abilities, poise, and
professionalism, qualities which are very valuable for the job market. In this module, you will be
learning the techniques of public speaking for you to apply it whenever you will be delivering a
speech.

While working on this module, you are expected to:

● talk in front of the public

● write your own speech

To achieve the objectives of this module, remember to:

● read and follow the given instructions;

● answer or do the given activities and;
● use a separate sheet of paper for your answers or outputs.

What I Know
Directions: Read and analyze the sentences below. Choose the correct letter of the answer to the
given questions below.

1. What is body language?

a. It is simply speaking to a live audience

b. It is a process of communicating nonverbally through conscious or
unconscious gestures and movements.
c. It is a language you need to have an eye to eye contact when
communicating to the listeners or audience.
d. It is used to catch the attention of the audience
2. What is Public speaking?

a. It is the proper modulation and presentation.

b. It is process use to communicate.
c. It is the act of speaking in front of a large audience.
d. It is a person standing in front of an audience reading and enumerating
information upfront.
3. What is eye contact?

a. It is a way of speaking to a live audience

b. It is one aspect of your body to communicate
c. It is a way of looking directly at someone when communicating
d. It is letting the listener, or the audience feel important when you are
directly looking at them

4. What do you call the degree of loudness?

a. Diction
b. Volume
c. Pitch
d. Pronunciation

5. Why is introduction important part in Public Speaking?

a. It is the title of the speech without any further purpose

b. It is the beginning section that states the purpose and goals of your
presentation or your speech
c. It is the information that the audience or the listener needs to directly know
d. It is the important facet regarding the speech or information that you are
providing

6. Why do you need to pause for a while when speaking?

a. It can make your thoughts better

b. It will only show that you are not prepared
c. It depends on the situation
d. It is essential

7. What are the parts of an Organized Speech?

a. Introduction, Body, Conclusion

b. Diction, Projection, Intro
c. Thoughts, Facts, and Clarity
d. Body, Facts, Time restraints

8. What do I need to remember when performing in a large audience?

a. Whatever you say will come naturally

b. Trust your general knowledge
c. Have a plan and practice
d. Lie to people looking in their eyes
 9. What is the importance of presenting various information to a group of people?

a. Learning is possible to a group of people.

b. Writing is boring and a bit tedious
c. Informing audience needs to be explained.
d. Explaining the information helps the audience understand what you want to
impart

10. What will happen if I make a mistake during the presentation?

a. Ignore the mistake

b. Go on with the presentation
c. Self-correct if possible
d. Remember the value of constant practice.

What’s In

Public Speaking

It is important in both business, education,

and the public arena.
Basically, it's a presentation that is given
live in front of an audience. Public speaking can
cover a wide variety of different topics. The goal is
to educate, entertain, or influence the
listeners. Often, visual aids in the form of an electronic slideshow are used to supplement the speech
and make it more interesting to the listeners.
Photo Source: https://www.elephango.com/index.cfm/pg/k12learning/lcid/13011/Because_Every_Picture_Tells_A_Story:_Political_Cartoon

A public speaking presentation is different from an online presentation because the online
presentation may be viewed and/or listened to at the viewer's convenience, while a public speech
is typically limited to a specific time or place. Online presentations are often comprised of
slideshows or pre-recorded videos of a speaker (including recordings of a live public speaking
presentation)
Because public speaking is done before a live audience, there are some special factors the
speaker needs to take into consideration. We'll touch on those shortly, but first
let's take a quick look at the history of public speaking.

What’s New
Activity 1: Locate Me!
Directions: Look for the following words in the word maze that is related to the topic which is
Public Speaking and encircle your answers. The words can be diagonal, horizontal or even in a
vertical way.

Public Story Goal

Topic Development Presentati
on
Template Professio Practice
nal Relax
D Q W E R T Y Y U I T O N P A

A E A D C X C V Z G O A L N M

G O V A L P R E S E P N T A T

I O N E R E A X E L I R T I V

Q A A A L O O O V D C X I P A

Z X D E T P U B L I C G C Z D

D E V E L X M O P M E N T G O

R S A L A P A E T I E N T A F

T T M L A A M C N A R A N T E

O O E O R E E C I T C A R P S

P R E S E N T A T I O N I E R

Y Y S H E R R Y J E L N F F C

I T S A T E M P L A T E E Y A

K A Y P E S H O X E S J A M E

S A N L A N O I S S E F O R P
 What is It
Public speaking occurs when you give a speech before a live audience. It differs from
other types of speaking, such as videos, which may be recorded. It's also different from online
presentations, which are created and then uploaded to the Internet.
Public speaking has many advantages, including improving your confidence level and giving you
the opportunity to champion a cause you care about. Plus, having effective public speaking skills
can help you find a job. Many jobs require you to speak in public. Even when a job doesn't include
public speaking in the job description, employers still value candidates with effective public
speaking skills.

At this point you may be asking "what makes a good public speaker?" The answer
might seem easy: A good public speaker makes use of effective public speaking techniques. What
are those effective public speaking techniques? They are but not limited to: (Spencer, 2018)

13 Effective Public Speaking Techniques

1. Care About Your Topic

Passion goes a long way when it comes to being an effective speaker. The audience can tell if you're
apathetic. If you don't care, they won't care either. Even worse, you can come across as a fake.
On the other hand, if you sincerely care about your topic the audience will pick up on that too.
They'll view you as being more authentic and believable. They'll listen more closely to discover
why your subject is so important to you. And they're more likely to forgive any minor mistakes you
might make.

2. Remember Your Speaking Goal

We've all probably listened to at least one speaker who seemed to go on and on forever about
nothing in particular. One reason why this happens is because the speech isn't focused enough. The
speaker is trying to cover too much and ends up boring their listeners. Early in the process of
developing your speech, identify the reason why you're speaking. Make it a point to stick to this
goal during your presentation. Don't get sidetracked or off- topic.

3. Support Your Main Points

Every point you make in your speech needs to be supported with either an example, an illustration,
or facts. When you're supporting a point, it's best to be as specific as you can be.
For example, in a speech about the importance of clean water this statement is too vague:
"Many people don't have clean water."
Stating this statistic from the U.S. Center for Disease Control is a more effective way to support
your point:
"Worldwide, 780 million people do not have access to an improved water source."

4. Use Presentation Tools Wisely

Slide presentations often get a reputation for being dull, but that's because many speakers are
unaware of what their presentation tools can do and don't make the best use of all the features. To
better engage your audience, learn how to use the more advanced features of your tool.
And these features are just the tip of the iceberg. To really elevate your public speaking techniques,
you'll want to learn everything your presentation software tool can do.

5. Use a Professional Template

While we're talking about presentation tools, let's also talk about presentation design. Your
presentation design affects how your audience perceives you. Even if you've memorized your
speech, give it perfectly, and have the most amazing topic--your audience might still judge you
negatively if your presentation design is sloppy and unprofessional.

6. Practice Your Speech

One of the most important public speaking techniques is often one of the most overlooked-
-practice. If you expect that you'll be an effective speaker without practicing your speech, you'd be
wrong.
The old saying, "practice makes perfect," really is true when it comes to developing effective
speaking skills. The more you practice your speech, the more familiar it will be to you and the more
comfortable you'll be giving it. Plus, practicing your speech is the only way to discover how long
the speech will take and where you need to pause.

7. Relax!
It's normal to be nervous about public speaking. It's so common, there's an actual technical term for
fear of public speaking - glossophobia.
I'm not telling you this to make you more anxious, but rather to let you know that having some
anxiety before giving a speech is perfectly normal. Still, you should try to relax if you can. You'll be
more comfortable, and the audience will relate to you better too.

8. Pace Yourself
When it comes to public speaking, a common newbie error is to speak too quickly. This is usually
caused by a combination of nerves and not realizing how fast you're actually speaking. But talking
too fast makes it harder for your listeners to understand what you're saying.
Effective public speakers know to pace themselves. They'll speak at a natural pace and work short,
natural pauses into their speech.
9. Add Visual Aids
Visual aids can serve as a powerful illustration of your speech. Humans use their sight more than
any other sense. So, if you can make your point by showing it to your listeners rather than
describing it, they are more likely to remember it.
Be careful though. To be effective, your visual aid must be of high-quality and easily visible to all
members of your audience. Avoid incorporating sloppy graphics into a slide presentation. Likewise,
don't hold up a visual aid that's physically too small for those listening to see and words are
crowded in a slide.

10. Dress Comfortably, But Professionally

What's the right outfit to wear if you want to be an effective public speaker?
Well, there's no one answer. How you dress depends on who your listeners will be. But the general
principle is that you want to dress professionally to make a good impression. Make sure to observe
good grooming and hygiene rules too.
Many experts feel you should dress according to how your audience dresses. If the audience is
dressed formally, you don't want to show up in shorts and a tee shirt. Likewise, if the audience is
wearing shorts and a tee shirt, don't dress formally.

11. Avoid Awkward Fillers

"Um," "uh," "like." We all slip these filler words into our conversations without even realizing it.
But overuse of these words during a professional speech can make you sound less than confident. If
you can, break the habit of using these words to become a better public speaker. Practice can help
you eliminate these words from your speech patterns, but you may be so used to using them that it's
hard to notice when you're doing it. This is where a speech coach, teacher, or friend would come in
handy. They could listen for these words and help you break the habit of using them. Or you can
record yourself using your gadgets. Then after, listen to it.

12. Use Gestures (But Don't Overdo)

Natural movement during a speech is a sign of an effective public speaker. Hand gestures and even
taking a few steps across the stage can be good public speaking techniques as long as they're
natural, purposeful, and not overdone.
Movement can make you appear more comfortable and help your audience relate to you.

13. Allow a Q & A

Question and answer sessions (Q & A) are one of the most underused public speaking techniques.
Many speakers just say what they're going to say and then sit down. What a waste!

The beauty of Q & A is that you get to hear your listeners' concerns directly and address them
publicly, further strengthening your case.
You can prepare for a Q & A session by creating your own list of questions and possible objections
that audience members may have (with answers). Study the list carefully so that
you're familiar with it. If someone does bring up a point that you hadn't thought of, don't panic.
They don't expect you to know everything. It's perfectly acceptable to take their contact information
and tell them that you'll get back to them once you've got the answer.
Now that you know that you can improve your effective public speaking skills,
you're ready to get to work!

You can use the list above as a checklist of good public speaking techniques to work on, or just
tackle those specific speaking skills that you're struggling with. Either way, with a little effort on
your part you'll be on your way to becoming a more effective speaker.

What’s More
Activity 2: Public Speaking
Directions: Fill in the boxes to complete the box of the crossword puzzle. Use the clues below to
have the words needed in the boxes.
PULIC SPEAKING
Complete the crossword puzzle below. This is basing on what you have read earlier.

Across Down
3. The thing you need to focus - Goal 1. Word that you need to avoid - Fillers
4. Is your body’s way of communicating – Body Language 2. Is important in both education, business
6. The most important tool that you will business and the public arena – Public Speaking
 public speaking – Voice Control 5. Is a great way to make your material
8. This is the natural movement during a speech - Gestures more engaging - Storytelling
10. your speech needs to be supported – Main Points 7. The one thing you need to do when being a public
Speaker - Relaxation
9. When it comes to Public Speaking this word is
Everything - Delivery

What I Have Learned

Activity 3: TO SPEAK or NOT TO SPEAK?
Directions: Work through this quiz and note down your responses to the questions. At the end you'll
have the chance to convert your answers into points to see how well you scored.

1. What do you do with your hands while speaking in public?

A. Keep them perfectly still C. Gesture enthusiastically
B. Fidget D. Gesture naturally

2. How do you feel when smiling in front of a crowd?

A. I only smile when I’m happy
B. I only smile when I’m relaxed
C. I can force a smile when I’m nervous and that helps me to relax
D. I am confident and relaxed in front of an audience and smiling comes naturally

3. What do you need to do to remember what to say in a presentation?

A. Prompt cards with the main points for each topic
B. Everything is scripted word for word
C. Presentation slides have all the relevant information on them
D. Just try to memorize it all

4. How will you control the feeling of being nervous when speaking in a large?
A. I make sure that I am prepared
B. I am relaxed as long as I know everything what I am going to say
C. I make sure that all of the information that I will be saying are based on facts
D. I see to it that my presentation is easily being understood

5. What is the proper presentation style when speaking publicly or presenting?

A. I read from my script and rarely make eye contact with the audience
B. I talk naturally about my subject and interact with the audience appropriately
C. I deliver the presentation as I have practiced it
D. The material speaks for itself.
 What I Can Do

Activity 4: Complete Me!

Directions: Below are sentences that were taken from famous speeches by famous
personalities. Fill in the blanks with the correct words provided in the box

Must Should Have to

Shouldn’t Dare Shall Wil

l

1. Sometimes I wonder if men and women really suit each other. Perhaps they Should live next
door and just visit now and then. (Katharine Hepburn)
2. There must always remain something that is antagonistic to good. (Plato)
3. To reach a port, we must sail – sail, not tie at anchor – sail, not drift. (Franklin
Roosevelt)
4. The taxpayers should _ be required to finance items which are not official business but
which are primarily political business. (Kennedy)
5. The one thing that the American people _should not have to wait and see is some
sort of action. I just should _ repeat – outside of Washington, nobody understands how
it is that this seems to be a repeat pattern over and over again. (Obama)
6. We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. (Kennedy)
7. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we _shall pay any price,
bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival
and the success of liberty. (Kennedy)
8. All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days. Nor will it be
finished in the first one thousand days. (Kennedy)
9. Germany should either be a world power or will not be at all. (Adolf Hitler)
10. It is healthcare itself that Must be brought under control if we are to keep our
Medicare bills from overwhelming the next generation. (Mitt Romney)
 Post Assessment

Directions: Read and answer the questions below. Choose the correct letter of your answer.

1. What is body language?

a. It is simply speaking to a live audience
b. It is a process of communicating nonverbally through conscious or
unconscious gestures and movements.
c. It is a language you need to have an eye to eye contact when
communicating to the listeners or audience.
d. It is use to catch the attention of the audience

2. What is Public speaking?

a. It is the proper modulation and presentation.
b. It is process use to communicate.
c. It is the act of speaking in front of a large audience.
d. It is a person standing in front of an audience reading and enumerating
information upfront.

3. What is eye contact?

a. It is a way of speaking to a live audience
b. It is one aspect of your body to communicate
c. It is a way of looking directly at someone when communicating
d. It is letting the listener or the audience feel important when you are directly
looking at them

4. What do you call the degree of loudness?

a. Diction
b. Volume
c. Pitch
d. Pronunciation

5. Why is introduction important part in Public Speaking?

a. It is the title of the speech without any further purpose

b. It is the beginning section that states the purpose and goals of your
presentation or your speech
c. It is the information that the audience or the listener needs to directly know
d. It is the important facet regarding the speech or information that you are
providing
6. Why do you need to pause for a while when speaking?

a. It can make your thoughts better

b. It will only show that you are not prepared
c. It depends on the situation
d. It is essential

7. What are the parts of an Organized Speech?

a. Introduction, Body, Conclusion

b. Diction, Projection, Intro
c. Thoughts, Facts, and Clarity
d. Body, Facts, Time restraints

8. What do I need to remember when performing in a large audience?

a. Whatever you say will come naturally

b. Trust your general knowledge
c. Have a plan and practice (more applicable)
d. Lie to people looking in their eyes

9. What is the importance of presenting various information to a group of people?

a. Learning is possible to a group of people.

b. Writing is boring and a bit tedious
c. Informing audience needs to be explained.
d. Explaining the information helps the audience understand what you want to
impart

10. What will happen if I make a mistake during the presentation?

a. Ignore the mistake

b. Go on with the presentation
c. Self-correct if possible
Remember the value of constant practice.
 Additional Activities

Activity 5: Deliver Me Properly Please

Directions: Read and internalize the text below. Apply the techniques on how to deliver a speech in
front of your family. record it with your cellphones.

Education and the ‘new normal’

By:Teresita Tanhueco-Tumapon
June 4, 2020

School year terms and blended sessions

“WE sense that ‘normal’ isn’t coming back, that we are being born into a new
normal: a new kind of society, a new relationship to the earth, a new experience
of being human.” — Charles Eisenstein
<https://www.azquotes.com/quotes/topics/new-normal.html>
BEFORE the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), we prefix what
we say with “the 21st century.” We used to say or write “21st century
teaching, 21st century learning, 21st century knowledge and skills,” defining these as the 21st
century competencies — critical thinking, communication, collaboration and creativity. However,
with the coronavirus pandemic, we have a new catchword — the new normal. The Oxford
Dictionary defines catchword as “a briefly popular or fashionable word or phrase used to
encapsulate a particular concept.” So, what is the concept embracing the new normal? The
American Dictionary defines new normal as “a previously unfamiliar or atypical situation that
has become standard, usual, or expected.”
<https://www.lexico.com/definition/the_new_normal> What was previously unfamiliar that has this
time become standard, usual, or expected?
What has become ‘normal’? The lockdowns, quarantines, masks, washing hands, taking vitamins
and nutrient-rich food to nurture health, covering a coughing mouth and sneezing nose, physical
distancing, and the omnipresent support technology are a “must” to continue for a lifetime. These
and more compose the new normal. Before Covid-19, Industry 4 (the robot age) of Agenda 2030,
robotics was already a popular focus; much more at this time where robots execute routine jobs.
Nowadays, robots serve in healthcare, social work, business and trade, food, and in other aspects of
human activity. Various organizations/companies are resorting to virtual private networks and
voice-over protocols, especially that meetings, negotiations, consultations are mostly virtual. As Dr.
Henry Chan wrote on May 10, 2020 in The Manila Times, “Telecommuting represents a new
paradigm in office work. If remote work becomes more common after the Covid-19 pandemic,
employers may decide to reduce lease costs and hire people from regions with cheaper labor costs.
Companies will use 5G and information and communications technology.”
<www.manila times.net › opinion › columnists › 10-tech..>. (As an aside, 5G is the fifth generation
mobile network. It is a new global wireless standard after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G networks. 5G enables
a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together,
including machines, objects and devices.) <www.qual comm.com
› invention › 5g › what-is-5g>
Semester, trimester, quarterly terms? Up to this early June, Covid-19 is not into its second wave, and
we pray that there shall be no other. PERIOD. (The so-called referral to a second wave spawned
some debates in the higher echelons of our government). However, there can be no possible firm and
uniform plans for formal schooling where technology accessibility is concerned. We are unsure how
future days would be defined Covid-wise.
Several tertiary and basic institutions have postponed graduation to next school year (SY). It may be
a goodly far-off future, before we can comfortably define our enrolment size, whether to cut down
on or replace or shorten degree programs with certificates, planning of reviews, examinations and
graduations. Universities on a non-semester schedule may have to adjust to what the official
schedule would be the next SY, that is, if the national ministering bodies (the Department of
Education or DepEd and the Commission on Higher Education or CHEd) will set strictly a school’s
term format. Before the pandemic, state universities and colleges were to begin an August term.
Adjusting could be easier for institutions on trimestral schedules. We have semesters, trimesters and
summers terms, why not quarterly? I recall that in the middle ’50s, higher education institutions
(HEIs) were on a quarterly schedule.
The maximum we students could take was twelve credit units or four lecture subjects. A
quarterly term ends after two and a half months. Laboratory subjects were adjusted accordingly.
Would a quarterly term be considered in the new normal?
Learning in the new normal. Blended learning is not wholly new. Philippine universities, such as the
University of the Philippines Open University, have used blended learning. In the new normal, all
schools will have blended or purely on-line courses. Training in using teaching and learning
platforms will be available for both teachers and students. DepEd, CHEd and the Technical
Education and Skills Development Authority have issued and will continue to issue notices much
like the March 22, 2020 notice of India’s secretary of HE sent to India’s HEIs. The said notice
suggested to the teaching and research academics “to utilize this lockdown period for various
academic activities including (a) on-line content development, online teaching and online
evaluation, (b) prepare lesson plan and develop instructional materials and (c) carry on research,
write articles and prepare innovative questions or question bank, etc.” Furthermore, that teachers
and students effectively utilize “the University Grants Commission’s [array of] e-learning
platforms,” which include massive open online courses, the Consortium for Educational
Communication-University Grants Commission, YouTube channel,
National Digital Library,
Shodhganga.<https://www.iitm.ac.in/sites/default/files /covid19_circulars -registrar0.pdf>
(Shodhganga is a digital repository platform of 260,000 Indian electronic theses and dissertations
for research students to deposit their PhD theses and make them available to the entire scholarly
community in open access.)
Teaching and learning platforms. Philippines-wise, we have available on-line educational platforms.
One is the DepEd Commons accessible on Globe or TM-powered smartphones free of data charges
and which is also accessible to private schools students. Because of the Covid-19 movement
restrictions, “the DepEd has been encouraging students to continue their learning online.”
<www.gmanetwork. com › news › news › nation › story> We shall have more of these platforms and
learn too, from offshore institutions their actions on the new normal in education.
Source: https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/06/04/campus-press/education-and-the-new-
normal/729288/

Rubrics for Public Speaking

Criteria 10 points 8 points 6 points 4 points

Eye Contact Makes eye Makes eye Makes eye Makes very
contact to contact with contact with little eye
everybody in most everyone some contact to
the room in the room audience in the audience
the room in the room
Volume and All the Some of the Half of the Only the front
Clarity audience in audience in audience in audience can
Loudness, the back of the back of the the room can hear the
clarity and no the room can room can hear only hear the speaker
mumbling hear the the speaker.
speaker. speaker
Flow The speech The speech The speech The speech
Pauses and flows flows nicely flows nicely flows fair
verbal fillers: perfectly with with no with minimal with a lot of
um, uh, er… no constant pauses and pauses and pauses and a
etc. pauses and no minimal some lot of
distracting distracting noticeable distracting
fillers fillers distracting fillers.
fillers
Confidence Speaks Speaks with Speaks with Speaks with a
and Attitude with clarity, a bit some lot of
clarity, of mispronounce mispronounce
enthusias enthusiasm words, shows
words, some
m, poise and poise dullness and
and and a enthusiasm, a no confidence
confidenc moderate bit of poise at all.
e confidence and a little of
confidence
 REFERENCES

Spencer, Laura. 2020. "15+ Effective Public Speaking Skills & Techniques To
Master". Business Envato Tuts+. https://business.tutsplus.com/tutorials/effective-public-
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Spencer, Laura. 2020. "What Is Public Speaking? & Why Is It Important?". Business Envato
Tuts+. https://business.tutsplus.com/tutorials/what-is-public-speaking--cms-31255.

Hayashi. 2020. "Public Speaking & Presentations (Advanced) Final Grading Rubric".
Slideshare.Net. https://www.slideshare.net/practicalenglish/public-speaking-
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Spencer, L (2018) 15+ Effective Public Speaking Skills & Techniques to Master

"Education And The 'New Normal' – The Manila Times". 2020. The Manila Times.
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