1. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................................

2. Discussion.................................................................................................................................................. 4

a) linear communication model...................................................................................................................... 4

B) INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION MODEL............................................................................................................... 5

C) TRANSACTIONAL COMMUNICATION MODEL.......................................................................................................... 6

3. Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................. 8

4. References................................................................................................................................................. 9
QUESTION

NO MODEL OF COMMUNICATION BEST DESCRIBES THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS IN ALL

CONTEXTS. DISCUSS

1. INTRODUCTION
A communication model is a simplified depiction of the real communication process. It
discusses and explains the real communication process as plainly as possible.
(http://bconsi.blogspot.com/2012/12/definition-of-communication-model.html).Linear,
Interactive, and Transactional are the three widely accepted models of the communication
process, and each offers a slightly different perspective on the communication process. One
could contend that no single communication model can adequately capture the nature of
communication in all situations. The discussion that follows goes into greater detail about each
of the communication models, explains when and how it applies, and discusses the benefits and
drawbacks of utilizing each model.
(https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/7156/1/Unit-2.pdf)

2. Discussion

a) linear communication model

According to the linear or transmission model of communication, message transmission is an
intentional, one-way, linear process carried out by the sender and receiver (Ellis & McClintock,
1990). Within a communication interaction, this model places special emphasis on the sender
and message. Despite being a part of the model, the receiver is seen more as a goal or
conclusion than as a continuing process. We can only assume that the receiver either receives
and comprehends the message successfully or unsuccessfully.
(file:///C:/Users/admin/Downloads/3.2%20Communication%20models
%20%E2%80%93%20Introduction%20to%20Professional%20Communications.html) The linear
communication models were developed by several authors namely; Aristotle, Harold Laswell,
Shannon-Weaver and, Berlo S-M-C-R(https://www.engati.com/glossary/communication-
model#:). The elements of a linear communication model are; sender, encoder, channel,
message, noise decoder, and receiver. The sender, receiver, and channel all play significant
roles in linear communication. A message is created by the sender, who then uses a "channel"
to communicate that message along with an idea, concept, or emotion. The message will be
transformed into a tangible form through the channel, such as speech, or writing which serves
as the medium. The message is sent to the receiver in its new form, who then decodes it.
Additionally, a variety of interruptions, or "noise," might happen at any time. Any element that
can alter the message the sender is attempting to communicate is considered noise. Both
internal and external noise is present. Internal noise refers to a sender error that alters the
meaning of a sentence, such as missing punctuation in an email. When a factor beyond the
control of the sender or the recipient alters or affects the communication, this is known as
external noise. It may contain "psychological noise," where the receiver's mental state will
influence how they interpret the message. (https://ca.indeed.com/career-advice/career-
development/linear-models-of-communication)

The main benefit of linear communication is that it is frequently clear and simple to
comprehend. This reduces misunderstandings and makes it easier for senders to convey their
messages. Receivers also are unable to alter the information they are receiving, which might
help prevent misunderstandings. This enables senders to simultaneously share the same
information with several recipients. Additionally, since senders might not have to wait for a
reply, they can convey their message swiftly. When a sender is attempting to simultaneously
reach a huge audience, this is extremely helpful. This is appropriate for one-way procedures
when the feedback process is separate from the initial communication, such as print and
broadcast advertising. (https://ca.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/linear-
models-of-communication). However, there are drawbacks to linear communication. It is
susceptible to noise, which might affect the primary message. One might not be able to
understand what the host says if they are listening to a radio in a noisy setting, for instance.
Receivers are occasionally unable to respond at all in linear communication. For those who
want to respond to the communication, this may be a drawback. (https://faq-ans.com/en/Q
%26A/page=b3b8d10a9d4622a11935f672d7f4d5ee)

B) INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION MODEL

The interactive model of communication describes how messages are sent back and
forth between the sender and recipient throughout the actual communication process.
Osgood-Schramm, Westley, And Maclean developed the interactive model of
communication. ((https://www.engati.com/glossary/communication-model#:). The
message is sent from a source to the receiver in a continuous cycle, and the receiver
responds by sending feedback, which is the message that the source then receives.
Since it takes into account the recipient’s feedback, the interactive model
becomes more complex than the linear model. Feedback describes the verbal or
nonverbal response to the communication. It is the part of the model that matters the
most. The interactive model also takes into account the impact that both the physical
surroundings and the psychological context may have on communications.
(https://study.com/learn/lesson/interactive-model-communication.html)

Using an interactive model has several benefits. Both sides have an opportunity to express their
thoughts through circular dialogue. On the same activity level, the sender and the recipient of
the message exchange messages. Feedback makes it easier to determine whether the
recipient's interpretation of the communication is in line with the intended purpose or not.
Communication is effective due to the idea of interpretation. As opposed to conventional
methods, fields of experience or psychological impacts provide a variety of insights into the
communication process. The idea of context enables a message's interpretation to take into
account a variety of external elements, changing the message's meaning.
(https://brainly.ph/question/3437767)

Nevertheless, when it comes to drawbacks, the interactive communication model is not an

exception. Feedback does not occur instantaneously and the response is slow to arrive or takes
a while. Additionally, the feedback is indirect and the flow of communication is not dynamic.
The interactive model has predictable patterns of communication. Correspondingly whenever
the message's addressee doesn't respond or give feedback, communication becomes linear.
Multiple levels of communication and intricate communication processes cannot be handled by
this communication model. Furthermore, messages sent and received may not be understood
the same way. Finally, it is unconcerned about the social, political, and economic factors that
influence communication. (https://brainly.ph/question/3437767)
(https://digiaide.com/interactive-model-of-communication/)

C) TRANSACTIONAL COMMUNICATION MODEL

The transactional model of communication occurs when the sender and receiver exchange
messages between them and alternate sending and receiving messages. Helical, a project of
Berglund and Dance, created the models for transactional communication
(https://www.engati.com/glossary/communication-model#:). Since both the sending and the
receiving procedures take place at the same moment, both the sender and the receiver are
referred to as communicators in this instance. There is also a constant change and
transformation process in which all elements, including people, their environs, and the medium
being used, change. This leads to the assumption that communicators are free to act
independently. Transactional communication is the most versatile type of communication.
Conversations and interactions in daily life also use the transactional model of communication.
For, it is more effective since there is no waiting time between communications.
(https://www.businesstopia.net/communication/transactional-model).A transactional model of
communication involves the sending and receiving of messages It is comparable to interactive
communication, but because it takes place usually in person, there is no delay in the
interaction. The participants are thus prohibited from speaking using an encoder, channel, or
decoder. Transactional communication can take the form of verbal or nonverbal cues like body
language. (https://www.businesstopia.net/communication/transactional-model).

The transactional model of communication has several benefits that other models do not have.

For instance, the transactional model typically involves face-to-face communication, which can
be advantageous since it enables people to pick up on others' nonverbal clues. Understanding
body language and reading facial expressions improve communication when attempting to
comprehend another person's thoughts or feelings, this is useful. (
https://www.dailyinfopk.com/2022/01/transactional-model-of-communication.html ).The
transactional style of communication also has the benefit of enhancing interpersonal
relationships by enabling more individualized interactions between individuals. Additionally,
this type of model offers individuals the chance to network and make new acquaintances,
which may enable them to expand their businesses by attracting new clients or employees.
Another benefit of this type of communication is that this method is versatile, and it may be
used in relationships with family members, friends, coworkers, lovers, or business partners.
The transactional communication approach is not without its difficulties. One side may feel as
though they are giving more than they are receiving, for instance, if there is an imbalance in the
social exchange. Both sides may become frustrated by this and grow dissatisfied with the
interaction. The simultaneous nature of the communication under the transactional model
allows for a lot of noise. For instance, when multiple people are speaking at once at a meeting,
the goal of the gathering will not be achieved. Additionally, context and how it affects social
interactions are not taken into account by the transactional model. The sender cannot be
certain that the message was received correctly if there is no spoken reaction from the
recipient. Feedback is a crucial part of the communication process, particularly in interpersonal
communication since it provides a platform for resolving misunderstandings.
(https://fourweekmba.com/transactional-model-of-communication/)

3. Conclusion
Understanding the processes of communication requires the use of communication models. It
provides comprehensive information on the communication process and provides examples of
the information flow. The communication model also offers advice on effective communication
for communicators. They represent the barrier or noise that interferes with communication.
They also describe how the communication system is complicated. The methodology also
suggests enhancing communication to reduce conflict. In conclusion, it may be said that no one
communication model is more effective than the other because they all function well in a
variety of settings, circumstances, and configurations.
4. References
1. https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/7156/1/Unit-2.pdf
2. http://bconsi.blogspot.com/2012/12/definition-of-communication-model.html
3. https://ca.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/linear-models-of-communication
4. https://faq-ans.com/en/Q%26A/page=b3b8d10a9d4622a11935f672d7f4d5ee
5. https://brainly.ph/question/3437767
6. https://digiaide.com/interactive-model-of-communication/
7. https://www.businesstopia.net/communication/transactional-model-communication
8. https://fourweekmba.com/transactional-model-of-communication/
9. https://newsmoor.com/3-types-of-communication-models-linear-interactive-transactional/