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ACI Tables

The document discusses the coefficient method for designing two-way slabs supported on all sides by edge beams. It describes how the coefficient method uses tables to determine moment coefficients based on slab edge conditions. It also explains how the slab is divided into middle and column strips, and provides equations to calculate positive and negative moments in both directions. Reinforcement requirements from the ACI code are also summarized.

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123 views

ACI Tables

The document discusses the coefficient method for designing two-way slabs supported on all sides by edge beams. It describes how the coefficient method uses tables to determine moment coefficients based on slab edge conditions. It also explains how the slab is divided into middle and column strips, and provides equations to calculate positive and negative moments in both directions. Reinforcement requirements from the ACI code are also summarized.

Uploaded by

SL SP
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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There are several methods by which two-way slabs can be designed.

All methods are


viable provided that the safety and serviceability of the elements are within the
acceptable limits. The coefficient method may be the simplest, easiest and the quickest
approach for the design of two-way slab supported by edge beam on all slab sides.

This method was provided in the American Concrete Institute (ACI) in 1963 to design
two-way slabs carried by steel beams, deep beam, or walls. Nonetheless, the coefficient
method is not included in the current edition of the ACI code. This is because it is
considered to be too conservative and more precise approaches can be employed.
However, it should be known that the coefficient method is still applied for two-way
slabs.

Coefficient Method
The coefficient method employs tables of moment coefficients for different slab edge
conditions. The conditions are based on elastic analysis but inelastic redistribution is
accounted for as well.

As a result, the design moment on both directions is smaller by a specific amount than the
ultimate elastic moment in that exclusive direction.

According to the coefficient approach, the slab is divided into the middle strip and
column strip in each direction. The width of the latter is equal to the one-quarter of the
panel width whereas the width of the former is one-half the panel width, as illustrated in
Fig.1.
Fig. 1: Middle Strips and
Column Strips in Each Direction of Two-way Slab Supported on Beams
The following equations can be used to estimate negative and positive moments in the
two directions :

As it can be observed from Fig.2, moments in the center area of the slab is the greatest
compared with moments imposed on the area adjacent to the slab edge.
That is why the middle strip needs to be designed for the greatest tabulated moment
whereas the edge strips are specified to be designed for one-quarter of the maximum
value of the calculated moment. Such distribution shown in Fig.2 is for (Ma), and similar
variations are applied for (Mb).

Fig. 2: Distribution of Moments Across the Width of Critical Sections Considered for Design
Moreover, it should be known that the above discussion is related to simply supported
two-way slabs, whereas there are several spans in the real conditions as shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 3: Plan of a Typical Two-way
Slabs Floors with Beams on all Lines of Columns
The panel A has two discontinuous edges while the other two edges are continuous and
adjacent to another slab as it may be observed in Figure 5.
The panel B is continuous at three edges and the other edge is discontinuous. And the
panel C is continuous at all its edges.
Etch this into your mind that moments at edges of the slab is negative and the magnitude
of positive moment is based on the condition of continuity at the entire edges of the
panel.

Various possible support conditions which are considered in the moment coefficient
tables are shown in Fig 4.
Fig. 4: Various Types of Support Conditions for Rectangular Two-way Slab
As far as ACI coefficient tables are concerned, Table 1 provides coefficients for negative
moments at continuous edges, and the ultimate moment at slab edge is achieved when
both adjacent slabs support full dead and live load. Table 2 provides the coefficient to
compute positive moments of slabs that carry dead load only.

Regarding Table 3 coefficients, they are applied to calculate positive moments of slabs on
which live loads are acted on. Lastly, coefficients used to estimate shears on slabs and
loads on supporting beams.
Reinforcement Requirements
The following consideration provided by ACI Code shall be taken into account during
reinforcement detailing :
1. Placement Sequence
Reinforcement bars for short spans are recommended to be placed closer to the top and
bottom of the slab than long span reinforcement. In this way, reinforcements in short
spans will have greater effective depth.

This placement configuration should be maintained, and if special reinforcement


placement is considered it needs to be clearly noted and shown in the drawing.

2. Concrete Cover
ACI Code section 7.7.1 specifies the minimum clear cover to the surface of
reinforcement in slabs as 20mm apart from the condition where the slab is in direct
contact with earth to weather.

3. Spacing Requirements
The maximum spacing of reinforcement at critical design sections for positive and
negative moments in both the middle and column strips shall not exceed two times the
slab thickness (ACI Code Section 13.3.2),

The bar spacing shall not exceed 450 mm at any location (ACI Code Section 7.12.2.2).

Design Procedure
1. Determine the thickness of the slab, according to procedures provided here
2. Calculate the factored loads.
3. Determine moment coefficients using Tables.
4. Compute positive and negative moments in each direction.
5. Finally, calculate reinforcement area, then number of bars and their spacing.

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