‫ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﺴﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺮﻃﺐ وإزاﻟﺔ اﻻﻣﻼح وﺗﺤﻠﻴﺘﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ‬

‫ﻣﺸﺒﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﺎج‬

‫‪crude production plant‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺰل اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻤﺎء ﻳﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﺼﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎزات اﻟﺴﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫واﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت واﻷﻣﻼح وﺗﺠﺮي ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﻌﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻼﺋﻤ ًﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻳﺔ وﻟﻜﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻐﺮض اﻟﺘﻜﺮﻳﺮ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎت اﻟﻀﺎرة ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺪات واﻻﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻷﻣﻼح واﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻀﻴﺔ وﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻮاﺋﺪ‪.‬‬
 ‫ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺪات ﻟﺘﺨﻠﻴﺺ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻣﻼح واﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻌﺪات ﻟﺘﺨﻠﻴﺺ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎزات اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻀﻴﺔ ‪ H₂S‬و ‪.CO₂‬‬

‫وﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺔ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ‪ Dehydrator‬و ‪ Desalter‬ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺘﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﺎزﻻت‪.‬‬

‫اوﻻ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ُﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ً‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺸﺮوع ﺑﺸﺮح ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺴﺎر ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺮﻃﺐ وازاﻟﺔ اﻻﻣﻼح‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﺗﺤﻠﻴﺘﺔ‬

‫ﻧﻨﻮه اﻟﻰ ان ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻢ ﺷﺮﺣﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺒﻪ ﻧﻤﻮذﺟﻲ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ ﻟﻼﻧﺘﺎج اﻗﺮب ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ وﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮورة ان ﺗﻜﻮن ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻄﺎت ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﻣﺤﻄﺔ ﻷﺧﺮى ﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻜﺮة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ واﺣﺪه ﻟﺬﻟﻚ وﺟﺐ اﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﻴﺪة اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻻﻧﺘﺎﺟﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ ‪Low Pressure‬‬

‫‪Production Trap‬‬

‫ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮن ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ اﻷﻃﻮار ﻗﺎدﻣ ًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﻌﺰل وﻳﺤﺪث ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺗﺒﻘﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻤﺎء ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺼﺮف اﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﻴﺎه اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ واﻟﻐﺎز ﻳﺬﻫﺐ اﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ او اﻟﻰ اﻟﻜﺒﺲ اﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎرج ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻜﺮوﻳﺔ )‪.(Sphere‬‬
 ‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (1‬ﻣﺼﻴﺪة اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻻﻧﺘﺎﺟﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬

‫ﺿﻐﻂ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺮﺳﻞ اﺣﺪ ﺧﻄﻮط ﻏﺎزﻫﺎ اﻟﻰ ‪HP Flare‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬

‫ﻳﺮﻣﺰ ﻟﻬﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎر ‪LPPT‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻜﺮوﻳﺔ ‪Sphere Section‬‬

‫ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ ﻛﺮوﻳﺔ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ اﻷﻃﻮار ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻗﺎدﻣ ًﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻻﻓﻘﻴﺔ وﺗﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﺰل ﻟﻠﻤﺎء واﻟﻐﺎز‬
‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ وﻳﺬﻫﺐ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﺨﺎرج اﻟﻰ ﺿﻔﺔ اﻟﺤﺮق ذات اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻮاﻃﺊ واﻟﻤﺎء ﻳﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﻴﺎه‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ أﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻓﻴﺬﻫﺐ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

 ‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (2‬اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻜﺮوﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺿﻐﻂ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ واﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺻﻤﺎم ال ‪ CAS‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎت ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﻴﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ اﻷﻃﻮار‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎت ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة اﻟﻀﺦ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻂ وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ زﻳﺎدة اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺣﻴﺖ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺗﻠﻴﻬﺎ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ اﻟﻀﻐﻮط‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ ‪Desalter Flash Dram‬‬

‫ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻻﻃﻮار ﻋﻤﻮدﻳﺔ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻗﺎدﻣ ًﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻜﺮوﻳﺔ وﺑﻀﻐﻂ أﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻜﺮوﻳﺔ ﺑﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻀﺦ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎت وﺑﺪرﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻛﺒﺮ ﺑﻔﻌﻞ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺒﺎدﻻت اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ دﺧﻮل‬
‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ وﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﺰل اﻟﻐﺎز ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ وﻳﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻰ اﻟﻜﺒﺲ اﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻓﻴﺮﺳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ ﻟﻴﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻰ‬

‫وﺣﺪة ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻣﻼح واﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت واﻟﻤﺘﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ‪) Desalter‬ﻋﺪد ‪ (2‬و ‪) dehydrator‬ﻋﺪد ‪ (1‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫إﻟﻰ ‪.dehydrator‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (3‬اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ ﻣﺒﺎدﻟﻴﻦ ﺣﺮارﻳﻴﻦ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻗﺒﻞ دﺧﻮﻟﻪ ﻟﻠﻌﺎزﻟﺔ وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻠﺰوﺟﺔ‬

‫وزﻳﺎدة ﻛﻔﺎﺋﺔ اﻟﻌﺰل‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري اﻻول )‪ (Dehydratior feed exchangers‬ﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺴﺨﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﺘﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري‬

‫ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻵﺗﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻜﺮوﻳﺔ واﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺤﺎر اﻵﺗﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺘﺒﻼﯾﺰر‪ .‬اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻠﺘﺴﺨﻴﻦ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ اﻟﻰ‬

‫اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت اﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ رﻓﻊ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارﺗﺔ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪.‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ )‪ (Wet Crude Trem Heater‬وﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل ﻗﺎدﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل‬

‫اﻟﺤﺮاري اﻷول ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺴﺨﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﺘﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري ﺑﻴﻨﻪ وﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻘﺎدم ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻞ‬
‫)‪ (reboilers‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﺘﺴﺨﻴﻦ ﻧﻔﻂ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺎت )‪ ،(Stablazirs‬واﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻤﺴﺨﻦ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻠﺘﺴﺨﻴﻦ ﻓﻴﺬﻫﺐ اﻟﻰ اﻷﻓﺮان ﻟﻴﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺴﺨﻴﻦ ﻧﻔﻂ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺎت )‪ (Stablazirs‬وﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺨﻄﻴﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺨﻂ ﺗﺪوﻳﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل وﺟﻮد ﻓﺎﺋﺾ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺤﺎر ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﻴﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺻﻤﺎم ﻓﺮق ﺿﻐﻂ )أي ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﺎس ﻓﺮق اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﺒﺮ‬

‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻴﻪ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ اﻟﺼﻤﺎم اﻟﺬي ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻂ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﺴﻴﻄﺮة ﻋﻠﻰ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎرج ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدﻻت اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻤﺎﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻤﺒﺎدﻻت اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﺼﻤﺎم اﻟﻤﺴﻴﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻳﻞ اﻟﺤﺮاري‪.‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺧﻂ اﻻﺷﺎرة ‪ Signal To FC147‬اﻟﺬي ﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻤﺮﺑﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى وﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻬﺔ اﻻﺧﺮى ﺑﺼﻤﺎم اﻟـ ‪CAS‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮة ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎرج ﻣﻦ وﺣﺪة ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت‬

‫واﻷﻣﻼح ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟـ ‪.Dehydrator‬‬

‫وﺣﺪة ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت واﻷﻣﻼح‬

‫ﻫﺬه اﻟﻮﺣﺪة ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺨﻠﻴﺺ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت واﻷﻣﻼح‬

‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ‪ Dehydrator‬واﺣﺪ واﺛﻨﻴﻦ ‪.desalter‬‬

 ‫ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻮﺣﺪة ﻗﺎدﻣ ًﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ )‪ (Flash Dram‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Dehydrator‬اﻟﺬي ﻳﻘﻮم‬

‫ﺑﺘﺨﻠﻴﺺ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل إﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻛﺎﺳﺮ اﻻﺳﺘﺤﻼب وﻳﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ أﻗﻄﺎب ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻓﺼﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺨﺮج اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟـ ‪ Dehydrator‬وﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻷول ﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻷﻣﻼح ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﺑﺎﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﺎء‬

‫اﻟﻨﻘﻲ )‪.(Fresh Water‬‬

‫ﻳﺨﺮج اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻷول وﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﺼﻞ اﻷﻣﻼح ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل إﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﺎء‬

‫اﻟﻨﻘﻲ‪ ،‬وﻳﺨﺮج اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬا اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬وﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻰ وﺣﺪة ﺗﺤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻤﺘﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟـ ‪ stabilizer‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ إﻟﻰ‬

‫اﺣﺪ ‪ stabilizers‬او ﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﻌﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (4‬وﺣﺪة ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت واﻻﻣﻼح‬

 ‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺧﻂ اﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻮﺣﺪة ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻌﺪات اﻟﻮﺣﺪة او اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﻋﺪد ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺜﻼ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻣﺮار‬

‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Desalters‬وﻋﺪم ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ إﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Dehydrator‬او إدﺧﺎل اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬واﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ أو ﻋﺪم ادﺧﺎل‬

‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Dehydrator‬واﻟـ ‪ desalters‬ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻤﺎﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﻴﻄﺮة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨﻂ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ إدﺧﺎل اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ اﺣﺪ اﻟـ ‪ Desalters‬او ﻛﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ او ﻋﺪم ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ‪ ،‬او ﻋﺪم ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ إﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪Dehydrator‬‬

‫ﯾﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻨﺴﺐ اﻷﻣﻼح واﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ واذا ﺗﻢ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻬﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ دون اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺎد اﻟﻰ ﻧﺴﺐ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻠﺒﺎت واﻷﻣﻼح ﻓﺈن ﻫﺬا اﻷﻣﺮ ﺳﻴﺆدي اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪوث أﺧﻄﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﻨﻘﻲ )ﻣﺎء اﻟﻐﺴﻞ ‪ (Fresh Water -‬ﻳﻀﺎف ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺧﻂ اﻟﻤﺎء اﻵﺗﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺎء اﻟﻐﺴﻞ )‪Fresh water‬‬

‫‪ (supply‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻃﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻵﺗﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟـ ‪ desalter‬اﻷول ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺻﻤﺎم اﻟﺨﻠﻂ‬

‫)‪ (Mixed Valve‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻐﺴﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻣﻼح اﻟﻤﺘﺒﻠﻮرة ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﺈذاﺑﺘﻬﺎ وﻳﺨﺮج ﻣﻦ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺨﻂ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎت ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻋﺎدﺗﻪ اﻟﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﻘﺎوﺗﻪ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ او ﻷﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻟﻤﻮازﻧﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى او ﻳﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻷول ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻧﻘﺎوﺗﻪ اﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﺎوة اﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻷول‬

‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﻨﻘﻲ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻷول ﻗﺎدﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬وﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻃﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ وﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﺈذاﺑﺔ‬
‫اﻷﻣﻼح اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﺒﻠﻮر ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ وﻳﺨﺮج ﻣﻨﺔ ﺑﺨﻂ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎت ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻋﺎدﺗﻪ إﻟﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟـ ‪Desalter‬‬

‫اذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﻘﺎوﺗﻪ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ او ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻟﻤﻮازﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى او ﻳﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Dehydrator‬ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻟﻤﻮازﻧﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى ﻓﻴﻬﺎ او ﻳﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﻰ ﺧﻂ ﺧﺮوج ﻣﺎء اﻟﻐﺴﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ إدﺧﺎل ﻣﺎء اﻟﻐﺴﻞ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Dehydrator‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻋﺎدﺗﻪ اﻟﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﻮازﻧﺔ او ارﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺧﻂ ﺧﺮوج ﻣﺎء اﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﺣﻴﺚ‬

‫ﻳﺬﻫﺐ اﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﻴﺎه اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺻﻤﺎم اﻟـ ‪ CAS‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ ﺧﻂ ﺧﺮوج اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﻴﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬

‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎزﻟﺔ )‪.(Flash Dram‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺻﻤﺎم اﻟـ ‪ CAS‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻂ ﻣﺎء اﻟﻐﺴﻞ اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪ Dehydrator‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﻴﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺧﻼل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى ﻓﻲ اﻟـ ‪.Desalter‬‬

‫ﻳﻀﺎف ﻛﺎﺳﺮ اﻻﺳﺘﺤﻼب ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻮﺣﺪة ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺻﻤﺎم اﻟﺨﻠﻂ )‪ (Mixed Valve‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻂ دﺧﻮل‬

‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ اﻟـ ‪.Dehydrator‬‬

 ‫وﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﺔ ‪Over view Stablazirs‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ اﻷول ‪Stabilizer‬‬

‫ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ ﻗﺎدﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟـ ‪ Desalter‬اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﺺ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎزات اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻀﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻀﺮة‬

‫‪ H₂S‬و ‪ CO₂‬وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺘﺴﺨﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻬﺬه اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎت ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﺨﺮ واﻟﺨﺮوج ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺴﺨﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻗﺮب اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺴﺨﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻵﺗﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ واﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻤﺴﺨﻦ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ اﻻﻓﺮان‬

‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺮﺗﻔﻊ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻵﺗﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ وﻳﻌﺎد اﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ ﻓﺘﺘﺒﺨﺮ اﻟﻐﺎزات اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻀﻴﺔ وﺗﺨﺮج ﻣﻦ أﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ اﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﻓﻴﺨﺮج ﻣﻦ اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ وﻳﺮﺳﻞ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت ﺑﻌﺪ ان ﻳﻤﺮر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري اﻷول‬

‫اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﺾ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارﺗﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ إدﺧﺎﻟﻪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺨﺰان‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (5‬اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ اﻻول‬

 ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻠﺘﺴﺨﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري ﻳﺴﺨﻦ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ اﻓﺮان ﺧﺎﺻﺔ وﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل‬

‫وﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻳﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮاري اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﺎزﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ وﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻳﻌﺎد إﻟﻰ اﻻﻓﺮان‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺮاﻋﻰ ﻓﺮق اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ أﻋﻠﻰ وأﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﻴﻢ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ اﻧﺒﻮب ﻳﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﻴﻴﻦ ﻻدﺧﺎل اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻟﻠﻤﻮازﻧﺔ او ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺘﺒﻊ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻮﺻﻞ اﻟﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺠﺐ اﻻﻧﺘﺒﺎه اﻟﻰ درﺟﺎت اﻟﺤﺮارة واﻟﻀﻐﻮط ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ‪Stabilizer‬‬

‫ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺜﺒﺖ اﻻول ﻣﻊ اﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﺮﻣﻮز ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (6‬اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل )ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ (7‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﻴﻦ واﻻﻧﺒﻮب اﻟﻮاﺻﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺻﻤﺎم اﻟـ ‪ CAS‬اﻟﻤﺴﻴﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى ﻓﻲ ﻛﻼ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

 ‫ﻳﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ اﻟﻀﺦ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (7‬وﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ اﻟﻀﺦ ‪Crude Ship Pumps‬‬

‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﻣﻀﺨﺎت اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺎت وﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﻀﺦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﺑﺨﻄﻴﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺧﻂ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺧﻂ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ اﻟﻰ اﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎرج ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺻﻤﺎم ال ‪ CAS‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻂ ﻧﻘﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ ﺧﺎرج اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺔ‪.‬‬

 ‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (8‬ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ اﻟﻀﺦ‬

‫اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت ‪Crude Store Poost Pump‬‬

‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت واﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ اﻟﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﻴﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬اﻷول ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺎت ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎت )وﺣﺪة اﻟﻀﺦ(‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺎت ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺮور اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدﻻت اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت ﻟﺨﺰن اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻪ وﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮه او ارﺳﺎﻟﻪ اﻟﻰ وﺣﺪات اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‪.‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎرج ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت ﻳﺬﻫﺐ اﻟﻰ ﻣﻀﺨﺎت ﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮه ‪.Shiping Pumps‬‬

‫ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺰاﻧﯿﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻂ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ اﺣﺪ اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت أو ﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺼﻤﺎﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﻴﻄﺮة ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻂ دﺧﻮل‬

‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (9‬اﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎت‬

‫اﻟﻌﺪادت اﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻛﻞ اﻟﻌﺪادات ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ وﺣﺪاﺗﻬﺎ وﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮات‬

 ‫اﺳﻤﺎﺋﻬﺎ اﻣﺎ اﻟﻌﺪادات ادﻧﺎه ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫‪ : AI-115 .1‬ﻳﻘﻴﺲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺮواﺳﺐ واﻟﻤﺎء ﺑﻮﺣﺪة اﻟـ ‪ PCT‬وﺗﺪرﻳﺠﺎﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ‪ 0‬إﻟﻰ ‪.10‬‬

‫‪ : AI-118 .2‬وﻳﻘﻴﺲ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﺑﻮﺣﺪة اﻟـ ‪ Bara‬وﺗﺪرﻳﺠﺎﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ‪ 0‬اﻟﻰ ‪.2‬‬

‫‪ : AI-119 .3‬وﻳﻘﻴﺲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻏﺎز ‪ H₂S‬ﺑﻮﺣﺪة ‪ PPM‬وﺗﺪرﻳﺠﺎﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ‪ 0‬اﻟﻰ ‪.20‬‬

‫‪ : AI-120 .4‬وﻳﻘﻴﺲ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻂ )أي ﺑﺪون وﺣﺪة( وﺗﺪرﻳﺠﺎﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ‪ 0‬اﻟﻰ ‪.1.0‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﺪادات ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﺪاد وﻫﺬا ﻻ ﻳﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (10‬اﻟﻤﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺸﺒﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﺎج‪ .‬ﺗﻢ اﻹﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎع ‪.27-7-2020‬‬

 ‫إﻗﺮأ أﻳﻀ ًﺎ‬

‫ﻣﺤﻄﺔ ﻋﺰل اﻟﻐﺎز ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ‬

‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎت ﻣﺤﻄﺔ ﻋﺰل اﻟﻐﺎز‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬

‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬

‫ﺗﺠﻔﻴﻒ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬

‫اﻟﻌﺎزﻻت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎدﻻت اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻞ اﻟﺒﺨﺎرﻳﺔ‬

‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ وﻣﻌﺪات اﻟﻘﻴﺎس‬