Downloaded from www.studiestoday.

com 7

POLYNOMIALS

IMPORTANT CONCEPTS
TAKE A LOOK

1. POLYNOMIALS: An expression of the form xn + xn-1 + xn-2 + …….+ x+ where

………. are real numbers and n is whole number, is called a Polynomial in the variable x.
2. Zeroes of a Polynomial,k is said to be zero of a Polynomial p(x) if p(k) =0
3. Graph of Polynomial:
i. Graph of a linear polynomial ax+b is straight line.
ii. Graph of a quadratic polynomial p(x)= is a parabola open upwards like U if a>o.
iii. Graph of a quadratic polynomial p(x)= is a parabola open downwards like  if a<0.

Discriminant of a quadratic polynomial.

For p(x)= , is k o as its dis i i a t D .

D=

m
co
i. If D>o graph of p(x) = will intersect the x-axis at two distinct points, x- coordinates of
points of intersection with x-a is is k o as ze oes of p .
ii.
p
If D=o, graph of p(x) = y.
will touch the x-axis at one point only .
da
ill ha e o l o e ze o

P(x) will not have any real zeroes.

iii. If D<o , graph of p(x) = will neither touch nor intersect the x-axis .
to
es

4. Relationship between the zeroes and the coefficient of a polynomial :

di

i. If are zeroes of p(x)= , then sum of zeroes = = -b/a =

tu
.s

Product of zeroes = =c/a =

w

ii. If and are zeroes of p(x)= +cx +d

w
w

Then , sum of zeroes = + =-b/a =

+ =c/a = , Product of zeroes= -d/a = =

iii. If are zeroes of quadratic polynomial p(x) , then p(x) =X2 – ( )x +

iv. If and are zeroes of a cubic polynomial p(x), then

P(x) = x3- ( + )x2 +( x-( )

5. Division Algorithm for polynomials.

If f a d g a e a t o pol o ials ith g ≠ the e a fi d pol o ials q(x) and such that
f(x) = q( )x g( )+ where =0 or degree of < degree of g
If the remainder is o or degree of remainder is less than divisor , then we can not continue the division any
further .

Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com

 Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com 8

LEVEL-I

1. The zeroes of the polynomial 2x2-3x-2 are

a. 1,2
b. -1/2,1
c. ½,-2
d. -1/2,2 [Ans- (d)]
2 2 2
2. If are zeroes of the polynomial 2x +7x-3, then the value of + is
a. 49/4
b. 37/4
c. 61/4
d. 61/2 [Ans-( c ) ]

3. If the polynomial 6x3+16x2+px -5 is exactly divisible by 3x+5 , then the value of p is

a. -7
b. -5
c. 5
d. 7 [Ans- (d )]

m
4. If 2 is a zero of both the polynomials 3x2+ax-14 and 2x3+bx2+x-2, then the value of 2-2b is

co
a. -1
b. 5
c. 9
d. -9 y.
da
A quadratic polynomial whose product and sum of zeroes are 1/3 and 2 respectively is
[Ans-( c ) ]
5.
to

(a) 3x2 – x +32 (b) 3x2 + x - 32 (c) 3x2 + 32x +1 (d) 3x2 – 32x +1 Ans: (d)
es

LEVEL-II
di

2
1. If 1 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = ax -3(a-1)x -1, then find the value of a.
tu

Ans: a=1
2. For what value of k, (-4) is zero of the polynomial x2 – x – (2k+2)?
.s

Ans: k=9
w

3. Write a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 3 and -2.
Ans: x2-3x-2
w

2
4. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 2x -9-3x and verify the relationship between the zeroes and the
w

coefficients.

5. Write the polynomial whose zeroes are 2 +3 and 2 - 3.

Ans: 3, -3/2

Ans:p(x)=x2-4x+1

LEVEL – III
1. Find all the zeroes of the polynomial 2x +x -6x-3, if two of its zeroes are -3 and 3.
3 2

Ans: x=-1/2
4 3 2 2
2. If the polynomial x +2x +8x +12x+18 is divided by another polynomial x +5, the remainder comes out to be
px+q. Find the value of p and q.
Ans:p=2,q=3
4 3 2 2
3. If the polynomial 6x +8x +17x +21x+7 is divided by another polynomial 3x +4x+1, the remainder comes out to
be (ax+b), find a and b.

If two zeroes of the polynomial f(x)= x -4x -3x+12 are 3 and -3, then find its third zero.
Ans:a=1, b=2
3 2
4.

If ,  are zeroes of the polynomial x -2x-15 then form a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are (2) and (2).
Ans: 4
2
5.
Ans: x2-4x-60

Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com

 Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com 9

LEVEL – IV
1. Find other zeroes of the polynomial p(x)=2x4 +7x3-19x2-14x +30 if two of its zeroes are 2 and -2.
Ans: 3/2 and -5
4 3 2 2
2. Divide 30x +11x -82x -12x-48 by (3x +2x-4) and verify the result by division algorithm.
3. If the polynomial 6x4 +8x3-5x2+ax+b is exactly divisible by the polynomial 2x2-5, then find the value of a and b.
Ans: a=-20,b=-25

4. Obtain all other zeroes of 3x4 -15x3+13x2+25x-30, if two of its zeroes are and - .

5. If ,  are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial p(x)=kx +4x+4 such that  + =24, find the value of k.
Ans: , , 2, 3
2 2 2

Ans: k= or k= -1

SELF EVALUATION

m
If ,  are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax2+bx+c then find (b) 2 + 2
If ,  are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax2+bx+c then find the value of 2 -  2
1. (a)

co
If ,  are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax2+bx+c then find the value of 3 + 3
2.
3.
4.
y.
What must be added to 6x5+5x4+11x3-3x2+x+5 so that it may be exactly divisible by 3x2-2x+4?
If the square of difference of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x2+px+45 is equal to 144, find the value
da
5.
of p.
to

---xxx---
es
di
tu
.s
w
w
w

Downloaded from www.studiestoday.com