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Presentation of C Programming Operators and Expressions

The document discusses different types of operators in C language including arithmetic, relational, logical, increment/decrement, assignment, conditional, and bitwise operators. It provides examples of using each type of operator and explains the functionality and precedence of various operators. Shorthand assignment operators are also introduced which allow assigning the result of an expression involving the variable on the left side back to the variable.

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MD. SHIHAB SHAKIB 2002127
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62 views24 pages

Presentation of C Programming Operators and Expressions

The document discusses different types of operators in C language including arithmetic, relational, logical, increment/decrement, assignment, conditional, and bitwise operators. It provides examples of using each type of operator and explains the functionality and precedence of various operators. Shorthand assignment operators are also introduced which allow assigning the result of an expression involving the variable on the left side back to the variable.

Uploaded by

MD. SHIHAB SHAKIB 2002127
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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Operators

and
Expressions (1)

Prepared by Dr. Mehdi Hasan Chowdhury, EEE, CUET


❑ An operator is a symbol that tell the computer
to perform certain mathematical or logical
manipulation.
❑ C supports a rich set of operators

2
❑ C language uses many types of operators as
listed below:-
1) Arithmetic Operators
2) Relational Operators
3) Logical Operators
4) Increment and Decrement Operators
5) Assignment Operators
6) Conditional Operators
7) Bitwise Operators
8) Special Operators

3
Arithmetic Operators
❑C provides all the basic arithmetic operators.
❑The operator +, -, * and / all work same way as in
other languages.
❑These can operate on any built-in data type
allowed in C.

4
Arithmetic Operators
Operator Meaning
+ Addition or unary plus
- Subtraction or unary minus
* Multiplication
/ Division
% Modulo division (reminder)
5
Integer Arithmetic
❑ When both the operands in a single arithmetic
expression such as a+b are integers, the
expression is called the integer expression, and
the operation is called as integer arithmetic.

❑ Integer arithmetic always results in an integer


value.

❑ The largest integer value depends on the


machine.
6
Integer Arithmetic
Here, a and b are integers,
if a= 14 and b=4 then,
a – b = 10
a + b = 18
a * b = 56
a / b = 3 (decimal part truncated)
a % b = 2 (reminder of division)

7
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b;
...
...
return 0;
}

a = 16, b = 5 a/b = 3 a%b = 1


a = -16, b = 5 a/b = -3 a%b = -1
a = 16, b = -5 a/b = -3 a%b = 1
a = -16, b = -5 a/b = 3 a%b = -1

8
9
Real Arithmetic
❑ An arithmetic involving only real operands is
called real arithmetic.
❑ A real operand may can have values either in
decimal notation or in exponent notation.
❑ Since floating point values are rounded to the
number of significant digits permissible, the
final value is an approximation of the correct
result.
10
i.e, 6.0/7.0 =0.857143
-2.0/3.0 = -0.666667
If a is integer type ,then
a=6.0/7.0;
printf(“value of a is:%d”,a);
o/p: Value of a is: 0

✓ The operator modulo(%) cannot be


used with real operands. 11
Mixed-mode Arithmetic
❑ When one operand is real and the other is
integer, the expression is called a mixed-mode
arithmetic expression.
❑ If either operand is of real type, then only the
real operation is performed, and the result is
always a real number. Example:
15 / 10.0 = 1.5
where as, 15 / 10 = 1

12
Relational Operators
❑ In C we are having relational operator
for comparing different relations.
i.e. 4<5, 7>3.

❑ Any relational expression can have


either true or false value.
i.e. 4<5 is true →1

4>5 is false → 0
13
Different Relational Operators
< is less than
<= is less than or equal to
> is greater than
>= is greater than or equal to
== is equal to
!= is not equal to

14
General Form:
a_exp1 relational_operator a_exp2

Like, 5+7 < 9+9

✓ When arithmetic expressions are used on


either side of a relational operator, the
arithmetic operators have a higher priority over
relational operators.

15
It means first both side’s arithmetic expressions
are evaluated and then the results are compared.

So, 5+7 < 9+9

12 < 18 (True → 1)

16
Logical Operators

Logical Operators are used when we want to


test more than one condition and make
decisions. Example:
if (age>50 && salary<1000)
if (number<0 || number>100)
17
Truth Table
OP1 && OP2 OP1 || OP2
OP-1 OP-2
(And) (Or)
Non-Zero Non-Zero 1 1

Non-Zero 0 0 1

0 Non-Zero 0 1

0 0 0 0

18
Assignment Operators
❑ Assignment operators are used to assign
the result of an expression to a variable.
❑ Assignment operator is ‘=‘
❑ What is the difference between ‘=‘ and ‘==‘
operators?
i = 5;
if (i == 5)
19
Shorthand Assignment Operators
X += Y;
is same as
X = X+Y;
Means,
Variable OP= exp;
is same as
Variable = Variable OP (exp);

20
Shorthand Assignment Operators…

Statement with simple Statement with shorthand


assignment operator assignment operator

a= a+1 a+= 1
a= a-1 a-= 1
a= a*(n+1) a*= n+1
a= a/(n+1) a/= n+1
a= a % b a%= b
21
Three Advantages of
Shorthand Assignment Operators

22
23
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