EXERCISE-A

1. A ten digit number is formed using the digits from 0 to 9, every digit being used exactly once. Find the
probability that the number is divisible by 4.

2. In a box, there are 8 alphabets cards with the letters : S, S, A, A, A, H, H, H. Find the probability
that the word 'ASH' will form if :
(i) the three cards are drawn one by one and placed on the table in the same order that they
are drawn.
(ii) the three cards are drawn simultaneously.

3. Three persons A, B and C in order cut a pack of playing cards, replacing them after each cut, on the
condition that the first who cuts a card of spade shall win a prize. Find their respective chances.

4. An unbiased die with faces marked 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 is rolled four times. Find the probability that out
of four face values obtained, the minimum face value is not less than 2 & the maximum face value is
not greater than 5.

5. Three of the six vertices of a regular hexagon are chosen at random. Find the probability that the
triangle with these three vertices is equilateral.

6. A cube with all six faces coloured is cut into 64 cubical blocks of the same size which are thoroughly
mixed. Find the probability that the 2 randomly chosen blocks have 2 coloured faces each.

7. Consider the following events for a family with children

A = { of both sexes } ; {at most one boy }
In which of the following (are/is) the events A and B are independent.
Assume that the birth of a boy or a girl is equally likely mutually exclusive and exclusive.

8. In a game of skill between two players A and B, the probability of A winning a game is 2/5, if he looses
the previous game and 3/5 if he wins the previous game. Find the probability that in middle of series
of games, A wins the next two games in succession.

9. For any two events A and B, prove that P  A  B   P  A   P  A  B   P  A   P  B  . Let A and

3 5
B be two events such that P(A) = and P(B) = . Show that
4 8
3 3 5 1 3
(i) P  A  B  (ii)  P  A  B  (iii)  P  A  B  .
4 8 8 8 8

10. Each of the 'n' passengers sitting in a bus may get down from it at the next stop with probability p.
Moreover, at the next stop either no passenger or exactly one passenger boards the bus. The probability
of no passenger boarding the bus at the next stop being po. Find the probability that when the bus
continues on its way after the stop, there will again be 'n' passengers in the bus.
 EXERCISE-B
WRITE-UP
I. There are n urns numbered1, 2,, ....., n each containing (n + 1) balls. Urn i contains i white balls and
(n + 1 – i) red balls, i = 1,2, .....n. An urn is selected and a ball is drawn at random from it. Let Ui
denote the event that urn numbered i is selected and let W denote the event that a white ball is drawn
from the selected urn. Further, suppose that E denotes the event that an even numbered urn is selected
1. If P(Ui)  i, i = 1,2,....., n, then lim
n 
P(W) equals

2 1
(A) (B)
3 2
1
(C) (D) 1
3

2. If P(Ui) = c, i = 1, 2,.....,n, where c is a constant, then P(Un/W) equals

i 2
(A) (B)
n 1 n 1
n
(C) (D) 1
n 1

1
3. If P(Ui)  , i = 1, 2, ..... , n is an even positive integer, then P(Q/E) equals
n
1 n
(A) (B)
2 2(n  1)

n n2
(C) (D)
n 1 2(n  1)

II. A commander of any army battalion is punishing two of his soldiers X and Y. He arranged a duel
between them. The rules of the duel are that they are to pick up their guns and shoot at each other
simultaneously.
If one or both hit, then the duel is over. If both shot miss then they repeat the process. Suppose that
the results of the shots are independent and that each shot of X will hit Y with probability 0.4 and each
shot of Y will hit X with probability 0.2. Now answer the following questions.

4. The probability that the duel ends after first round is

(A) 11/25 (B) 12/25
(C) 13/25 (D) none of these

5. The probability that X is not hit, is

 (A) 3/25 (B) 7/25
(C) 5/13 (D) 8/13

6. The probability that both the soldiers are hit, is

(A) 5/13 (B) 2/13
(C) 8/13 (D) none of these

7. The probability that the duel ends after the nth round of shots is
n 1
12n 1.13  12  13
(A) (B)   2n
52n  13  5
(C) independent of n (D) none of these
 EXERCISE-C
MATCHING
Match the Following
1. A is a set containing n elements. A subset P of A is chosen at random. The set A is reconstructed by
replacing the elements of the subset P. A subset Q of A is again chosen at random. The probability that

List - I List-II
A. PQ   (p) n(3n – 1)/4n
B. P  Q is a singleton (q) (3/4)n
2n
C. P  Q contains 2 elements (r) Cn/4 n
D. |P| = |Q| (s) 3n – 2(n – 1)/2(4n)
where |X| = number of elements in X

2. List - I List-II
A. If A and B are two given events, (p) P(A) + P(B) - 2P (A  B)
then P(A  B) is
B. If A1, A2, A3, ... , An are any n events, (q) 1 - P (A  B)
then
C. If A and B are two independent events, (r) not less than P(A) + P(B) - 1
then the probability that only one of
A and B occur is
D. If A and B are two events, then P (neither (s) P(A1  A2  ...  An)  P(A1)
A or B) equals + P(A2) + ... + P(An)
 PROBLEMS

OBJECTIVE
1. Two fair dice are tossed. Let x be the event that the first die shows an even number and y be the
event that the second die shows an odd number. The two events x and y are :
(A) mutually exclusive (B) independent and mutually exclusive
(C) dependent (D) none of these

2. Two events A and B have probabilities 0.25 and 0.50 respectively. The probability that both
A and B occur simultaneously is 0.14. Then the probability that neither A nor B occurs is
(A) 0.39 (B) 0.25
(C) 0.11 (D) none of these

3. The probability that an event A happens in one trial of an experiments is 0.4. Three independent
trials of the experiments are performed. The probability that the event A happens at least once is
(A) 0.936 (B) 0.784
(C) 0.904 (D) none of these
4. If A and B are two events such that P(A) > 0, and P( B)  1 , then P(A / B ) is equal to

P(A ) 1  P(A  B)
(A) 1 – P(A/B) (B) 1 – P(A / B ) (C) (D)
P( B ) P(B)

5. Fifteen coupons are numbered 1,2,........15, respectively. Seven coupons are selected at random
one at a time with replacement. The probability that the largest number appearing on a selected
coupon is 9, is
6 7 7
9 8 3
(A)   (B)   (C)   (D) none of these
 16   15  5

6. One hundred identical coins, each with probability, p, of showing up heads are tossed once. If
0 < p < 1 and the probability of heads showing on 50 coins is equal to that of heads showing on 51
coins, then the value of p is
1 49 50 51
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 101 101 101

7. India plays two matches each with West Indies and Australia. In any match the probabilities of
India getting points 0, 1 and 2 are 0. 45, 0.05 and 0.50 respectively. Assuming that the outcomes
are independent, the probability of India getting at least 7 points is
(A) 0.8750 (B) 0.0875 (C) 0.0625 (D) 0.0250

8. An unbiased die with faces marked 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 is rolled four times. Out of four face values
obtained, the probability that the minimum face value is not less than 2 and the maximum face value
is not greater than 5 is then :
(A) 16/81 (B) 1/81 (C) 80/81 (D) 65/81
9. Let 0 < P(A) < 1, 0 < P(B) < 1 and P( A  B)  P ( A)  P ( B)  P ( A).P( B) , then
(A) P(B/A) = P(B) - P(A) (B) P( A c  Bc )  P ( A c )  P ( Bc )
(C) P(( A  B) c )  P (A c )  P ( Bc ) (D) P(A/B) = P(A)

10. The probability of India wining a test match against West Indies is 1/2. Assuming independence from
match the probability that in a 5 match series India's second win occurs at the third test is
(A) 1/8 (B) 1/4 (C) 1/2 (D) 1/3

11. Three of the six vertices of a regular hexagon arc chosen at random. The probability that the triangle
with these three vertices is equilateral, equals
(A) 1/2 (B) 1/5 (C) 1/10 (D) 1/20

12. For the three events A, B and C, P(exactly one of the events A or B occurs) = P(exactly
one of the events B or C occurs) = P(exactly one of the events C or A occurs) = p and
P(all the three events occur simultaneously ) = p2, where 0 < p < 1/2. Then the probability
of at least one of three events A, B and C occurring is
3p  2p 2 p  3p 2 p  3p 2 3p  2p 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 4 2 4
13. 7 white balls and 3 black balls are randomly placed in a row. The probability that no two black balls
are placed adjacently equals :
(A) 1/2 (B) 7/15 (C) 2/15 (D) 1/3

14. If the integers m and n are chosen at random between 1 and 100, then the probability that a number
of the form 7m + 7n is divisible by 5 equals
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 7 8 49
15. Two number is selected randomly from the set S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}without replacement one by one.
The probability that minimum of the two numbers is less than 4 is
1 14 1 4
(A) (B) (C) (D)
15 15 5 5

3 1 1
16. If P(B) = , P( A  B  C )  and P( A  B  C )  , then P( B  C) is
4 3 3
(A) 1/12 (B) 1/6 (C) 1/15 (D) 1/9

17. If three distinct numbers are chosen randomly from the first 100 natural numbers, then the
probability that all three are divisible by both 2 and 3 is
(A) 4/25 (B) 4/35 (C) 4/33 (D) 4/1155

18. A six faced fair dice is thrown until 1 comes, then the probability that 1 comes in even no. of
trials is
(A) 5/11 (B) 5/6 (C) 6/11 (D) 1/6
WI There are n urns each containing n + 1 balls such that the ith urn contains i white balls and (n + 1 – i)
red balls. Let ui be the event of selecting ith urn, i = 1, 2, 3, . . . n and ‘w’ denotes the event of getting
a white balls.
19. If P(ui) i, where i = 1, 2, 3, . . . n, then Lim
n 
P(w) is equal to
(A) 1 (B) 2/3 (C) 3/4 (D) 1/4

20. If P(ui) = c, where c is a constant then P(un/w) is equal to

2 1 n 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
n 1 n 1 n 1 2

1
21. If n is even and E denotes the event of choosing even numbered urn (P(ui) = ), then the value of
n
P(w/E) is
n2 n2 n 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2n  1 2(n  1) n 1 n 1

ASSERTION & REASON

22. Consider the system of equations ax + by = 0, cx + dy = 0, where a, b, c, d {0, 1}

STATEMENT–1: The probability that the system of equations has a unique solution is 3/8
and
STATEMENT–2: The probability that the system of equations has a solution is 1.
(A) STATEMENT–1 is True, STATEMENT–2 is True; STATEMENT–2 is a correct explanation
for STATEMENT–1
(B) STATEMENT–1 is True, STATEMENT–2 is True; STATEMENT–2 is NOT a correct
explanation for STATEMENT–1
(C) STATEMENT–1 is True, STATEMENT–2 is False
(D) STATEMENT–1 is False, STATEMENT–2 is True
SUBJECTIVE

1. Six boys and six girls set in a row randomly. Find the probability that the boys and girls set
alternately
2. Set A has 3 elements, and set B has 6 elements. What can be the minimum number of elements in
the set A  B .

3. An antiaircraft gun can take a maximum of four shots at an enemy plane moving away from it. The
probabilities of hitting the plane at the first, second third and fourth shot are 0.4, 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1
respectively. What is the probability that the gun hits the plane ?

4. A and B are two candidates seeking admission in IIT. The probability that A is selected is 0.5 and
the probability that both A and B are selected is almost 0.3.Is it possible that the probability of
B getting selected is 0.9 ?
5. Cards are drawn one by one at random from a well shuffled full pack of 52 playing cards until 2 aces
are obtained for the first time. If N is the number of cards required to be drawn, then show that
( n  1) (52  n ) (51  n )
Pr{N = n} = , where 2  n  50 .
50  49  17  13

6. A, B, C are events such that

Pr(A) = 0.3, Pr(B) = 0.4, Pr(C) = 0.8
Pr(AB) = 0.08, Pr(AC) = 0.28, Pr(ABC) = 0.09
If Pr (A  B  C)  0.75 , then show that Pr(BC) lies in the interval 0.23  x  0.48 .

7. In a certain city only two news papers A and B are published, it is known that 25% of the city
population reads A and 20% reads B while 8% reads both A and B. It is also known that 30% of
those who read A but not B look into advertisements and 40% of those who read B but not A look
into advertisements while 50% of those who read both A and B look into advertisements. What is the
percentage of the population reads an advertisement ?
1
8. A and B are two independent events. The probability that both A and B occur is and the
6
1
probability that neither of them occurs is . Find the probability of the occurrence of A.
3

9. In a multiple-choice question there are four alternative answers, of which one or more are correct.
A candidate will get marks in the question only if he ticks the correct answers candidates decide
two tick the answer at random, if he is allowed upto three chances to answer the questions, find
the probability that he will get marks in the questions.

10. A lot contains 20 articles. The probability that the lot contains exactly 2 defective articles is 0.4
and the probability that the lot contains exactly 3 defective articles is 0.6. Articles are drawn from
the lot at random one day by one without replacement and are tested till all defective articles are
found. What is probability that the testing procedure ends at the twelfth testing.

11. A man takes a step forward with probability 0.4 and backwards with probability 0.6. Find the prob-
ability that at the end of eleven steps he is one step away from the starting point.
12. An urn contains 2 white and 2 black balls. A ball is drawn at random. If it is white is not replaced into
 the urn. Otherwise it is replaced along with another ball of the same colour. The process is repeated.
Find the probability that the third ball drawn is black.

13. A box contains 2 fifty paise coins, 5 twenty five paise coins and a certain fixed number N( 2) of
ten and five paise coins. Five coins are taken out of the box at random. Find the probability that
the total value of these 5 coins is less than one rupee and fifty paise.

14. Suppose the probability for A to win a game against B is 0.4. If A has an option of playing either a
" best of 3 games " or a " best of 5 games " match against B, which option should choose so that the
probability of his winning the match is higher ? (No game ends in a draw).

15. A is a set containing n elements. A subset P of A is chosen at random. The set A is reconstructed by
replacing the elements of P. A subset Q of A is again chosen at random. Find the probability that P
and Q have no common elements.

16. In a test an examine either guesses or copies of knows the answer to a multiple choice question
1
with four choices. The probability that he make a guess is and the probability that he copies the
3
1 1
answer is . The probability that his answer is correct given that he copied it, is . Find the
6 8
probability that he knew the answer to the question given that he correctly answered it.

17. A lot contains 50 defective and 50 non defective bulbs. Two bulbs are drawn at random, one at a
time, with replacement. The events A, B, C are defined as A = (the first bulb is defective),
B = (the second bulb is nondefective), C = (the two bulbs are both defective or both nondefective).
Determine whether
(i) A, B, C are pairwise independent (ii) A, B, C are independent
18. Numbers are selected at random, one at a time, from the two digit numbers
00, 01, 02, ............ ,99 with replacement. An event E occurs if and only if the product of the two
digits of a selected number is 18. If four numbers are selected, find the probability that the
event E occurs at least 3 times.

19. An unbiased coin is tossed. If the result is a head, a pair of unbiased dice is rolled and the
number obtained by adding the numbers on the two faces is noted. If the result is a tail, a card
from a well shuffled pack of eleven cards numbered 2, 3, 4,.........,12 is picked and the number
on the card is noted. What is the probability that the noted number is either 7 or 8.

20. In how many ways 3 girls and 9 boys can be seated in two vans, each having numbered seats, 3 in
the front and 4 at the back ? How many seating arrangements are possible if 3 girls should
sit together in a back row on adjacent seats ? Now, if all the seating arrangements are equally
likely, what is the probability of 3 girls sitting together in a back row on adjacent seats ?

21.If p and q are chosen randomly from the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}with replacement.
 Determine the probability that the roots of the equation x2 + px + q = 0 are real.

22. 3 players A, B and C toss a coin cyclically in that order (that is A, B, C, A, B, C, A, B,........) till a
head shows. Let p be the probability that the coin shows a head. Let ,  and  be respectively
the probabilities that A, B and C gets the first head. Prove that   (1  p)  . Determine ,  and
 (in terms of p).

23. Eight players P1, P2, P3,..............,P8 play a knockout tournament. It is known that whenever
the players Pi and Pj play, the player Pi will win if i < j. Assuming that the players are paired at
random in each round, what is the probability that the players P4 reaches the final.

24. A coin has probability 'p' of showing head when tossed. It is tossed 'n' times. Let Pn denote the
probability that no two (or more) consecutive heads occur. Prove that , p1 = 1, p2 = 1 - p2 and
pn = (1 - p)pn - 1 + p(1 - p)pn - 2 , for all n  3 .

25. An urn contains 'm' white and 'n' black balls. A ball is drawn at random and is put back into the urn
along with K additional balls of the same colour as that of the ball drawn. A ball is again drawn at
random. What is the probability that the ball drawn now is white.

26. An unbiased die, with faces numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 is thrown n times and the list of n numbers
showing up is noted. What is the probability that among the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 only three
numbers appear in the list.

27. A box contains N coins, m of which are fair and the rest are biased. The probability of getting a
head when a fair coin is tossed is 1/2, while it is 2/3 when a biased coin is tossed. A coin is drawn
from the box at random and is tossed twice. The first time it shows head and the second time it
shows tal. What is the probability that the coin drawn is fair ?

28. For a student to qualify, he must pass at least two out of three exams. The probability that he will
pass the 1st exam is p. It he fails in one of the exams then the probability of his passing in the next
p
exam is otherwise it remains the same. Find the probability that he will qualify..
2

29. A is targeting to B, B and C are targeting to A. Probability of hitting the target by A, B and C are
2 1 1
, and respectively. If A is hit then find the probability that B hits the target and C does not.
3 2 3

30. If A and B are two independent events, then show that P(A  B).P( A  B)  P(C) , where C is
the event that exactly one of A and B occurs.

31. There are 18 balls, 12 red and 6 white. Six balls are drawn one by one without replacement. If at
least 4 are white, find the probability that next two draw will result in one red and one white ball.

1 3 2 1
32. A person goes to office either by car, bus or train, the probability of which being , , and
7 7 7 7
 2 1 4 1
respectively. Probability that he reach office late, if he takes car, scooter, bus or train is
, , and
9 9 9 9
respectively. Given that he reached office in time, then what is the probability that he travelled
by a car.
SET PAPER
OBJECTIVE
1. A binary operation is chosen at random from the set of all binary operations on a set A containing
n elements. The probability that the binary operation is commutative is
n2 n n/ 2 n n/2
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) none of these
nn nn nn /2

2. If in a distribution each x is replaced by corresponding value of f(x) (where f is an one to one

function) , then the probability of getting f(xi) when the probability of getting xi is pi is
F
G1I
(A) pi (B) f(pi) (C) f
Hp JK i
(D) none of these

3. A letter is known to have come either from "KRISHNAGIRI" or "DHARMAPURI". On the

post mark only the two consecutive letters "RI" are visible. Then the chance that it came from
Krishnagiri is :
(A) 3/5 (B) 2/3 (C) 9/14 (D) none of these

4. Four persons are selected from a group of 4 men, 2 women and 3 children. The probability that
exactly two of them are men is
(A) 9/11 (B) 10/23 (C) 11/24 (D) 10/21

5. A and B toss a coin alternatively till one of them gets a head and wins the game. If A begins t he
game, the probability B wins the game is
(A) 1/2 (B) 1/3 (C) 1/4 (D) 2/3

6. Two different digits are chosen at random from the set 1, 2, 3, .....8. Then the probability that
(A) their sum is equal to 9 is 1/7 (B) their sum will exceed 13 is 1/14
(C) both digits exceeding 5 is 3/28 (D) all of these
7. For two events A and B ; P(A  B)  P(A  B) , then
(A) P(A) = P(B) (B) P(A) – P(B) = 2(A) P(B/A)
(C) P(A) + P(B) = 2P(B) P(A/B) (D) none of these

8. Two points P and Q are taken at random on a line segment OA of length a. The probability that
PQ > b, where 0 < b < a, is
2 2
b b2 ab  a  2b 
(A) (B) (C)   (D)  
a a2  a   ab 

9. The probability that atleast one of the events A and B occur is 0.6 . If A and B occur simultaneously
with probability 0.2, then P( A )  P( B) is
 (A) 0.4 (B) 0.8 (C) 1.2 (D) 1.4

ASSERTION & REASON

10. Let A and B be two independent events of a random experiment.

Statement–1 : P(A  B) = P(A). P(B)
Statement–2 : Probability of occurrence of A is independent of occurrence or non–occurrence
of B.

11. A fair die is rolled once.

1
Statement–1 : The probability of getting a composite number is
3
Statement–2 : There are three possibilities for the obtained number (i) the number is a prime
number (ii) the number is a composite number (iii) the number is 1, and hence probability of getting
1
a prime number =
3
3 2
12. Let A and B are two events such that P(A) = and P(B) = , then
5 3
4 3
Statement–1 :  P  A  B  .
15 5
2 A 9
Statement–2 :  P   .
5  B  10
13. Statement-1: The probability of being at least one white ball selected from two balls drawn
simultaneously from the bag containing 7 black & 4 white balls is 34/35.
Statement-2: Sample space = 11C2 = 55, Number of fav. Cases = 4C1 × 7C1 + 4C2 × 7C0

COMPREHENSION PASSAGE

I. Let E1, E2, E3 , ….. En be a set of mutually exclusive and exhaustive events and A be an event, then
A
n
A P(E j ).P  
E  F
P(A) =  P(Ei ).P  E  and P  E j    j  for j = 1, 2, … n, where P   , denotes the
i 1  i   G
A P(A)
probability of occurring the event F given that G has already occurred. There are two bags of red and
yellow colour. Red bag contains 4 fair coins and 3 biased coins and yellow bag contains 5 fair coins
and 7 biased coins. Biased coin has tail on both side. Two coins are transferred from red bag to
yellow bag and then a coin is taken from yellow bag and tossed.

14. Probability that both coins, transferred from red bag to yellow bag, where fair is
(A) 1/7 (B) 3/7
(C) 4/7 (D) 2/7
15. Probability that both coins, transferred from red bag to yellow bag, were of mixed type is
(A) 3/7 (B) 4/7
(C) 2/7 (D) 1/7

16. If both coins transferred from red bag to yellow bag were biased then the probability that tossing of
coin results in head is
(A) 23/28 (B) 9/28
(C) 5/28 (D) 19/28

II. The probability of happening of an event in one trial being know, then the probability of its happening
exactly x times in n trials is given by nCx qn-x . px where
p = probability of happening the event
q = probability of not happening the event = 1- p.
Now nCx qn-x px is (x + 1)th term in the expansion of (q + p)n whose expansion gives the happening of
the event 0, 1, 2, .... n times respectively.
17. In four throws with a pair of dice, the chance of throwing doublets atleast twice is
19 125
(A) (B)
144 144
17
(C) (D) none of these
144

18. A man takes a forward step with probability (.8) and backward step with probability (.2). What is the
probability that at the end of 9 steps he is exactly three steps away from starting point
69888 5377
(A) (B)
58 58
5378 5376
(C) (D)
58 58

19. Unbiassed coin is tossed 6 times. The probability of getting utmost 4 heads is
7 57
(A) (B)
64 64
21 11
(C) (D)
32 32

MATCHING
20. A player tosses a coin and is to score one point for every head and two points for every tail turned up.
He is to play unitl his score reaches or passes n. Pn is the chance of obtaining exactly a score of n, then
Column I Column II
(A) P1 equals to (p) 5/8
(B) P2 equals to (q) 1/2
Pn
(C) Pn 1  Pn 2 equals to (r) 3/4

(D) P3 equals to (s) 1/4

21. Two dice are thrown. Let A be the event that sum of the points on the two dice is odd and B be the
event that atleast one 3 is there, then match the following
Column I Column II
12
(A) P(AB) (p)
36
6
(B) P(AB) (q)
36
23
(C) P(A  B) (r)
36
11
(D) P(B) (s)
36

22. Column I Column II

2
(A) If A and B are two mutually exclusive, then (P) p x i i  2

(B) If A and B are two subsets of a universal set U, (Q) P( A  B)  P ( A).P ( B)

then
(C) If A and B are two independent events, then (R) P ( A  B)  P ( A )  P ( B)
(D) Variance of a random variable is given by (S) (A  B)c  A c  Bc
 ANSWERS
EXERCISE-A

20
1. 2.(i) 3/56 (ii) 9/28
81

16 12 9 16
3. , , 4.
37 37 37 81

24
1 C2 23
5. 6. 64 or
10 C2 168

7. Independent in (A) and not independent in (B) 8. 3/10

10. (1 - p)n - 1 . [ po (1 - p) + np (1 - po) ]

EXERCISE-B

1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. (C) 5. (D) 6. (B)

7. (A)

EXERCISE-C

1. (A-q), (B-p), (C-s), (D-r) 2. (A-r), (B-s), (C-p), (d-q)

PROBLEMS
OBJECTIVE
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. D

6. D 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B

11. C 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D

16. A 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. A

21. B 22. B

SUBJECTIVE
 1
1. 2. 6 3. 0.6976 4. No correct ans P(B) 0.8
462
1 1 1
7. 13.9 8. P(A)  , P(B)  9.
2 3 5
23 10( N  2)
10. 0.052 11. 462(0.24)5 12. 13. 1 
30 N  7 C5
1
14. Best of 3 games 0.353, Best of 5 games 0.317 15. where r is number of elements of P
2r
24
16. 17.(i) True (ii) False 18. 97/(25)4 19. 193/792
29

20. 14
P12, 4  3! 11P9 , 1 / 91 21. 0.62

p (1  p)p (1  p) 2 p m
22.   ,   ,   23. 4/35 25.
1  (1  p)3 1  (1  p) 3 1  (1  p) 3 mn

6 n n 9m 1
26. C 3 (3  3.2  3) 27. 28. 2p2 – p3 29.
n m  8n 2
6

10
C1  2 C1 12 C 2  6C 4 11 C1  1C1 12 C1  6 C5 1
31. 12
 18  12  18 32.
C2 C6 C2 C6 7
SET PAPER

1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D

7. C 8. C 9. C 10. D 11. C 12. D

13. A 14 D. 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. A

19. B

20. (A–q), (B–r), (C–q), (D–p) 21. (A – r), (B – q), (C – p), (D – s)

22. (A-r), (B-s), (C-q), (D-p)