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Assignment 2 - Solution

This document discusses several topics related to operating systems, including: 1) Types of multiprocessor systems such as dual-core, multicore, and blade servers. 2) Advantages of multiprocessors include increased throughput, economy of usage, and increased reliability. 3) Dual mode in operating systems distinguishes between execution of OS code and user code using a mode bit to toggle between kernel and user modes. 4) Timers in OS are used to prevent infinite loops and allow processes to regain control or terminate if exceeding allotted time. 5) Cloud computing delivers computing and storage over a network, with types including public, private, and hybrid clouds, and categories of SaaS,

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Khaled Nady
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82 views

Assignment 2 - Solution

This document discusses several topics related to operating systems, including: 1) Types of multiprocessor systems such as dual-core, multicore, and blade servers. 2) Advantages of multiprocessors include increased throughput, economy of usage, and increased reliability. 3) Dual mode in operating systems distinguishes between execution of OS code and user code using a mode bit to toggle between kernel and user modes. 4) Timers in OS are used to prevent infinite loops and allow processes to regain control or terminate if exceeding allotted time. 5) Cloud computing delivers computing and storage over a network, with types including public, private, and hybrid clouds, and categories of SaaS,

Uploaded by

Khaled Nady
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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October 6 University Faculty of Information Systems

& Computer Science


Subject: Operating Systems
Sheet 2
2019/2020

1. What are the types of Multiprocessors systems

a. A dual-core processor is a CPU with two processors or "execution cores" in


the same integrated circuit. Each processor has its own cache and
controller, which enables it to function as efficiently as a single processor

b. A multicore processor is a single computing component comprised of two or


more CPUs that read and execute the actual program instructions.
The cores can execute multiple instructions in parallel, increasing the
performance of software

c. Blade servers are a relatively recent development, in which multiple


processor boards, I/O boards, and networking boards are placed in the
same chassis.

The difference between these and traditional multiprocessor systems is that


each blade-processor board boots independently and runs its own
operating system.

Some blade-server boards are multiprocessor as well, which blurs the lines
between types of computers.

2. Mention the advantages of multiprocessor.


Multiprocessors advantages include:

a. Increased throughput (productivity)


b. Economy of usage
c. Increased reliability – graceful degradation or fault tolerance
3. What is dual mode in operating system?
We must be able to distinguish between the execution of operating-system code

Page 1 of 3
October 6 University Faculty of Information Systems
& Computer Science
Subject: Operating Systems
Sheet 2
2019/2020

and user defined code.


Dual-mode operations

a. Dual-mode operation allows OS to protect itself and other system


components

b. Dual mode types are kernel mode and user mode

c. Mode bit provided by hardware

i. Provides ability to distinguish when system is running user code or


kernel code

ii. Some instructions designated as privileged, only executable in kernel


mode

iii. System call changes mode to kernel, return from call resets it to user

d. Multi-mode

i. Increasingly CPUs support multi-mode operations

ii. i.e. virtual machine manager (VMM) mode for guest VMs

4. What is the role of timer in OS?


Timer is used to prevent infinite loop / process hogging resources, take or use
most or all of resources in an unfair or selfish way

a. Timer is set to interrupt the computer after some time period

b. Keep a counter that is decremented by the physical clock.

c. Operating system set the counter (privileged instruction)

d. When counter is zero, OS generates an interrupt

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October 6 University Faculty of Information Systems
& Computer Science
Subject: Operating Systems
Sheet 2
2019/2020

e. Set up before scheduling process to regain control or terminate program


that exceeds allotted time

5. Discuss the concept of cloud computing.


cloud computing delivers computing, storage, even apps as a service across a
network

a. It has many types as follow:-

i. Public cloud – available via Internet to anyone willing to pay

ii. Private cloud – run by a company for the company’s own use

iii. Hybrid cloud – includes both public and private cloud components

b. Categories of cloud computing

i. Software as a Service (SaaS) – one or more applications available via


the Internet (i.e., word processor)

ii. Platform as a Service (PaaS) – software stack ready for application use
via the Internet (i.e., a database server)

iii. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) – servers or storage available over


Internet (i.e., storage available for backup use)

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