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Multimedia Lab Manual 4 PDF Free

This document outlines the curriculum for a Multimedia Lab course offered at RJS Polytechnic in Bangalore, India. It includes 12 graded exercises covering photo editing and animation that students must complete. It also lists the hardware and software requirements for the multimedia lab, including a 1:1 student to computer ratio. An introduction to multimedia defines it and covers the tools available in multimedia software like Flash, including selection, drawing, and coloring tools.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
357 views34 pages

Multimedia Lab Manual 4 PDF Free

This document outlines the curriculum for a Multimedia Lab course offered at RJS Polytechnic in Bangalore, India. It includes 12 graded exercises covering photo editing and animation that students must complete. It also lists the hardware and software requirements for the multimedia lab, including a 1:1 student to computer ratio. An introduction to multimedia defines it and covers the tools available in multimedia software like Flash, including selection, drawing, and coloring tools.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

MULTIMEDIA LAB MANUAL


COURSE CODE: 15CS23P

FOR 2nd Sem CS & E


(2017-18)

BY
Mr. G.VELUMANI
SYSTEM ANALYST
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
RJS POLYTECHNIC
BANGALORE-34.

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

List of Graded Exercises

UNIT – I

Using suitable Photo Editing Software, perform the following exercises:

1. Design a Visiting Card containing at least one graphic and text information.
2. You are given a picture of a garden as background. Extract the image of a butterfly
from another picture and organize it on the background.
3. Given a picture, make three copies of this picture. On one of these pictures, adjust the
brightness and contrast, so that it gives an elegant look. On the second picture, change
it to grayscale and the third is the original one.
4. Convert the given image to a pencil sketch.
5. Mask the background image given through your name.
6. Import two pictures, one that of sea and another of clouds. Morph, Merge and Overlap
the images.

UNIT – II

Using suitable animation software, solve the following projects:

7. Shape Distortion: Create a square and gradually convert it into a circle.


8. Spotlight: Create a text on one layer; format the text with suitable size, color and
style. With the help of another layer, position a spotlight on the text and move the
spotlight from left to right.
9. Virtual Drumbeat: Draw a circle to represent a drum and edit as required on one
layer. Insert another layer, draw suitable drum sticks and position them appropriately.
Give visual effects. Also provide audio effect by selecting the sound item from Flash
library Sounds.fla, so as to integrate audio and video clips.
10.Simulation of a Raindrop: In the first layer, draw a raindrop that falls on the ground.
Show the splash effect, when it touches the ground on another layer.
11.Sunset: Create a suitable background with clouds and mountains on one layer. Draw
the Sun on another layer. On the third layer draw birds. Provide animation to show
the birds flying across the Sun that keeps fading.
12.Stickman Walk: Draw a walking track on one layer. On another layer draw a
stickman, with animation show the man walking over the track from left to right.

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Scheme of Evaluation for End Exam


SN Content Max.
Marks
1 Writing steps one each from Unit I and Unit -II 05+05=10
2 Testing the psychomotor skills (Quickness in choosing 10+10=20
appropriate tools
and performing) of Unit I and Unit II to achieve the task
3 Application of Final effects 05+05=10
4 Viva voce 10
Total 50
Note:
1. Candidate shall submit Lab Record for the Examination.
2. Student should be allowed to execute directly even if she /
he unable to write the procedure
3. In case of change in experiment or no write up, marks will
not be awarded for writing procedure/steps.

Resource requirements for Multimedia Lab


(for an intake of 60 Students [3 Batches] )
Hardware Requirement:

Sl. Equipment Quantit


No. y
1 PC systems (latest configurations with speakers) 20
2 Laser Printers 03
3 Networking (Structured) with CAT 6e / 03
wireless 24 Port switches / Wireless
Router
I/O Boxes for networking(as required)
4 Broad Band Connection 01

Software Requirement: FOSS Photo Editor/Animation Tools/any other

Note:
Students: Computers ratio in the Lab should be strictly 1:1 for a batch of twenty
Students.

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INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA

Definition of Multimedia
As the name implies, multimedia is the integration of multiple forms of
media. This includes text, graphics, audio, video, etc.
OR
Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text,
audio, images, animations, video and interactive content.
OR
Integration of animation, audio, graphics, text, and full-motion video through computer
hardware and software for education, entertainment, or training.

The Stage
The stage is the large white rectangle in the center of Flash's workspace, it is
like a virtual canvas. In these we can draw the pictures, display text, and make objects
move across the screen.
Any graphics placed in this area are visible to the audience watching Flash
when it plays. You can define the properties of your Stage, such as its size and color, or
change the zoom.

The Tools Panels


The Tools Panel enables you to create graphics and text (via the "Line
tool" and the "Text tool"), to edit graphics (via the "Eraser tool" and the "Paint Bucket
tool"), and to simply select graphics (via the "Selection tool", the "Sub select tool", and the
"Lasso tool").
The two view tools ("Hand tool" and "Zoom tool") enable you to change
your view of the Stage.
The colors setting ("Stroke Color" and "Fill Color") gives you control
over the color of objects drawn.

Selection tool (V): - As the name suggests this tool is used to select objects in the stage with
the single click. You can select any objects to change its positions, change colors, resize and
lot of other change.

Sub select tool (A): Use this tool to reshape a motion path of an animation. It is also used to
adjust the length / angle of straight as well as adjusting shapes / curves.

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The Lasso tool (L): This tool allows you to draw around the shape, selecting everything
contained in the shape you draw. In the default mode, you can draw a freeform lasso around
the object you want to select. You can also choose the Polygon mode for defining the selected
area with a series of straight-line segments.

DRAWING TOOLS

1.) Pen tool (P): The Pen tool is the only tool in the Flash toolbox that doesn't resemble
a tool from everyday life. Although the tool symbol looks a lot like an ordinary pen
it works quite a bit different.
The purpose of the Pen tool is to allow you to draw precise paths as straight
lines or smooth, flowing curves.

There are two methods for drawing with the Pen tool:
a) Click to create points on straight line segments
b) Click and drag to create points on curved line segments.
2.) Line Tool (N): The Line tool draws perfectly straight lines in any direction you drag
your mouse. You can also create your own line style for specific types of dashed,
dotted or artistic lines.
3.) Pencil Tool (Y): The Pencil tool (Y) is used to draw freeform lines by dragging the
cursor along the Stage. It can be set to draw straight lines and smooth curves.
4.) Color Tool: After you draw a shape in flash you can color it by using different
coloring tools. There are lots of coloring tools available in flash they include brush
tool, ink bottle & paint bucket tool.
There are two modes in color.
a) Fill color: It fills the desired color selected for your object.
b) Stroke color: It tells about the outline of an object or boundary color.
5.) Ink Bottle Tool (S): The Ink Bottle tool lets you change the stroke color, line width,
and style of lines or shape outlines. Using the Ink Bottle tool, rather than selecting
individual lines and objects, makes it easier to change the stroke attributes of
multiple objects at one time.
6.) Paint Bucket Tool (K): The Paint Bucket tool fills enclosed areas with color. It can
both fill empty areas and change the color of already painted areas. You can paint
with solid colors, gradient fills, and bitmap fills.
You can also use the Paint Bucket tool to adjust the size, direction, and center of
gradient and bitmap fills.
7.) Eraser Tool (E): The Erase tool works similar to a classic eraser. Simply select the
tool and drag on the Stage to erase things. You can double click the Eraser tool to
delete everything on the stage.
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8.) The Transformation Tool: Often you may feel to transform the size of an object to
rotate, resize, scaling it. For all those purpose the transformation tool comes to play.
There are two types of transform tool
a) Free transform tool (Q): The Free Transform tool allows you to select an object
on the Stage and then interactively change its size or rotate it freely.
b) Gradient transform tool (F): By using this tool you can adjust the size, rotation,
width, or center.

9.) Eye Dropper Tool (I): You can use the Eye Dropper tool to copy fill and stroke
attributes from objects.
To use the Eyedropper tool:
a) Select the Eye Dropper tool and click the object whose attributes you want to
copy. (When you click a stroke, the tool automatically changes to the Ink Bottle tool.
When you click a filled area, the tool automatically changes to the Paint Bucket tool)
b) Click the object that you want to apply the new attributes to.

Timeline
The Timeline contains the sequence of individual images that make up an animation.
The Timeline consists of layers, frames, and scenes that make up a Flash document.
Layers appear on the left side of the Timeline and frames contained in each layer
appear as multiple cells in a row to the right of the layer.

Layers
Layers are like transparent sheets stacked on top of one. Each layer can contain
frames with different images that appear on the Stage.
You can draw and edit objects on the current active layer without affecting objects
on another layer.
To create a new layer, click the New Layer button at the bottom of the Timeline.
- To rename a layer, double-click its name.
- To delete a layer, click on it to select the layer you want to delete, then click
the Delete button at the bottom of the Timeline.

Frames
A keyframe is a frame in which you define a change in an animation or include frame
actions to modify a movie. You can arrange keyframes in the Timeline to edit the
sequence of events in a movie.

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ADOBE PHOTOSHOP

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP (CS3) (CREATIVE SUIT 3)


Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published
by Adobe Systems for macOS and Windows. Photoshop was created in 1988 by Thomas
and John Knoll.
This new version offers the most flexible and creative set of tools for
a print media, line media and digital photography. CS3 improves on features from previous
versions of Photoshop and introduces new tools. One of the most significant is the
streamlined interface which allows increased performance, speed, and efficiency.

Photoshop Tools
The different tools used in photoshop are as follows
1.) Marquee Tool: The marquee tools let you select rectangles, ellipses, and 1-pixel rows
and columns.
Select a marquee tool:
Rectangular Marquee: Makes a rectangular selection (or a square, when used with the
Shift key).
Elliptical Marquee: Makes an elliptical selection (or a circle, when used with the Shift
key).
Single Row or Single Column Marquee: Defines the border as a 1-pixel-wide row or
column.
2.) Move Tool: The move tool allows you to move a selection or entire layer by dragging
it with your mouse or using your keyboard arrows keys. The move tool is located at
the top right of the Photoshop Toolbox. When the move tool is selected, click and drag
anywhere in the image.
3.) Lasso Tool: The Lasso tool is useful for drawing freeform segments of a selection
border.
Polygonal Lasso Tool: The Polygonal Lasso tool is useful for drawing straight-edged
segments of a selection border.
4.) Hand Tool: To navigate around an image, select the hand tool from the tools panel
and drag to scroll the contents of the image.

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5.) Magic Wand Tool: It Makes a selection based on selected color. The tool simply
works by you clicking in the area you want selecting.
6.) Zoom Tool: It is used to zoom in and zoom out of an image.
7.) Crop Tool: The Crop tool allows you to select an area of an image and discard
everything outside this area.
8.) Slice Tool: The Slice tool allows you to divide an image into smaller sections which
fit together like a jigsaw (but with straight edges). Sliced images are commonly used
for web design work.
9.) Healing Brush: The Healing Brush tool allows you to fix image imperfections such
as scratches, blemishes, etc.
10) Clone Stamp Tool: Photoshop's clone stamp tool allows you to duplicate part of an
image. This process involves setting a sampling point in the image which will be used
as a reference to create a new cloned area.
11) Eraser Tool: The eraser is basically a brush which erases pixels as you drag it across
the image. Pixels are erased to transparency, or the background color if the layer is
locked.
12) Gradient Tool: The gradient tool can be used to draw linear, radial, angular,
reflected or diamond gradients.
13) Blur Tool: It is used to Blur an image.
14) Text Tool: This tool allows text to be typed.
15) Line Tool: The Line Tool creates line, shapes and paths (shape outlines).
16) Custom Shape Tool: This tool is used to draw custom shapes.
17) Notes Tool: The Notes Tool allows you to attach to image your notes.
18) Eye Dropper Tool: The Eyedropper tool is used to sample a color from an image to
use this color further.

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UNIT - I
ADOBE PHOTOSHOP
7.0

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

1. Design a Visiting Card containing at least one graphic and text


information.

Step 1: Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0-> file-> new-> Enter height 200 and width 400 for the
visiting card.

Step 2: Select the rectangle tool in the tool bar and draw on the half of the work area-> color
it.

Step 3: Repeat the same for remaining half-> use different colors to color.

Step 4: Copy any picture of your choice and place it on the work area-> Resize it using
transform tool.

Step 5: Select the text tool and type text of your choice.

Step 6: Apply the text font size, color and style of your choice.

OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

2. You are given a picture of a garden as background. Extract the image


of a butterfly from another picture and organize it on the background.

Step 1: Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0→ file→ new→ Enter height 10 and width 10

Step 2: Copy any picture of a garden and place it on the work area->resize it using transform
tool.

Step 3: Copy the picture of a butterfly and extract the picture using lasso tool and place that
butterfly on the work area (Garden).

OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

3. Given a picture, make three copies of this picture. On one of these


pictures, adjust the brightness and contrast, so that it gives an elegant
look. On the second picture, change it to grayscale and the third is the
original one.

Step 1: Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0→ make 3 copies of the image file and import all the 3
images into it.

Step 2: Go to image 1 in the image menu bar, click on adjustments →select brightness or
contrast→ increase or decrease.

Step 3: Go to image 2, in the image menu→click on mode →select grayscale.

Step 4: Keep image 3 as original.

Step 5: Go to file→ new→ give height=10 and width=10 (inches)

Step 6: Copy all the 3 images into it.

OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

4. Convert the given image to a pencil sketch.

Step 1: Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0 → Go to File → Open → Select appropriate image for
pencil sketch → Click ok.

Step 2: Duplicate the background image by right on the background (Ctrl + J) → Duplicate
layer.

Step 3: Desaturate the duplicate layer (Shift + Ctrl + U) → Go to image → Adjustments →


Desaturate.

Step 4: Duplicate the Desaturated Layer and Invert that layer (Ctrl + I) → Go to image →
Adjustments → Invert.

Step 5: Change the Blend mode to Color Dodge.

Step 6: Apply the Gaussian Blur Filter → Go to Filter → Blur → Gaussian Blur (control the
amount of blurring using the Radius slider along the bottom of the dialog box) → Click ok.

Step 7: Merge the layers (Ctrl + E) → Go to layer → Merge down.

Step 8: Go to File→ Save as Filename.jpg

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OUTPUT

Original picture

Pencil Sketch

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5. Mask the background image given through your name.

Step 1: Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0→ File →New → Enter Height=3 and Width=10 (Inches)
→ Click Ok.

Step 2: Go to File → Open → Select any appropriate image → Click Open.

Step 3: Select Horizontal Type Mask Tool (Text tool) in the tool bar → Type your name in
the image → Choose appropriate font style and font size for the text.

Step 4: Select move tool in the tool bar → Go to edit → Copy → Paste the copied text in the
new document.

Step 5: Press Ctrl + T to resize the text.

Step 6: Go to File→ Save as Filename.jpg

OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

6. Import two pictures, one that of sea and another of clouds. Morph,
Merge and Overlap the images.

Step 1: Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0→ File → Open → Select Sea and Cloud images → Click
Open.

Step 2: Select the cloud image → Go to Filter → Liquify (Shift + Ctrl + X) → Morph the
image as your wish and then click ok.

Step 3: Go to File→ New → Enter Height and Width=10 (Inches) → Click Ok.

Step 4: Select Rectangular Marquee Tool in the tool box → Select a part of the cloud image
and then by using move tool→ Drag the selected part to the new document.

Step 5: Follow the same step i.e. Step 4 for the sea image also.

Step 6: After dragging both the images into new document → Go to Layer menu → Click
on Merge down (Ctrl + E)

Step 7: Go to File→ Save as Filename.jpg

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OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

UNIT - II
MACROMEDIA
FLASH 8.0

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7. Shape Distortion: Create a square and gradually convert it into a circle.

Step 1: Go to Macromedia Flash 8, click on flash document click ok.

Step 2: Select the square tool on the stage / workspace color it.

Step 3: Click on 40th frame in the timeline, insert keyframe by pressing (F6).

Step 4: Select the last frame that is 40th frame draw a circle from tool bar so that it will cover
the square completely and color with different color.

Step 5: Again, right click on the last frame, go to actions in properties, change the tween to
motion.

Step 6: Again, right click on the last before frame that is 39th frame go to actions in properties
change tween to motion.

Step 7: Press Ctrl + Enter to test the movie.

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OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

8. Spotlight: Create a text on one layer, format the text with suitable size,
color and style. With the help of another layer, position a spotlight on the
text and move the spotlight from left to right.

Step 1: Go to Macromedia Flash 8, click on flash document, change the background color
if required → click ok

Step 2: Rename layer 1 as text by double clicking the layer.

Step 3: Using Text tool→ Type any text as you required.

Step 4: Go to 50th timeline of text layer → Insert keyframe (F6)

Step 5: Insert a new layer, rename it as Spotlight.

Step 6: Using Oval tool, cover the 1st letter of your text and then convert it into symbol (F8).

Step 7: Go to 50th timeline of Spotlight layer → Insert keyframe (F6).

Step 8: Insert a new layer, rename it as mask.

Step 9: Go to 50th timeline of mask layer → Insert keyframe (F6).

Step 10: Using selection tool, bring the oval shape to the right side of the stage.

Step 11: Right click on Spotlight layer → Create motion tween and again right click on same
layer → click on mask.

Step 12: Press Ctrl + Enter to test the movie.

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OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

9. Virtual Drumbeat: Draw a circle to represent a drum and edit as required


on one layer. Insert another layer, draw suitable drum sticks and position
them appropriately. Give visual effects. Also provide audio effect by
selecting the sound item from Flash library Sounds.fla, so as to integrate
audio and video clips.

Step 1: Go to macromedia flash 8, click on flash document→click ok.

Step 2: Double click on layer one and rename it as drum.

Step 3: Using oval tool draw a drum.

Step 4: Go to 20th frame and insert key frame (F6)

Step 5: Create another layer and rename it as stick.

Step 6: Using the line tool, draw stick for the drum and convert it into symbol (F8).

Step 7: To move stick up and down i.e. beating, set the position in between the 1st to 20th
frame and insert key frame (F6) in the timeline.

Step 8: Repeat the step 6 and 7 to create another stick.

Step 9: Press Ctrl + Enter to test the movie.

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OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

10. Simulation of a Raindrop: In the first layer, draw a raindrop that


falls on the ground. Show the splash effect, when it touches the ground on
another layer.

Step 1: Go to macromedia flash 8, click on flash document→click ok.

Step 2: Go to File→ Import→ Import to stage (Ctrl + R) → Select the appropriate rain drop
image → import to the stage.

Step 3: Click on rain drop → convert it into symbol (F8).

Step 4: Go to timeline → Insert keyframe at 5 and bring rain drop slightly down using
selection tool.

Step 5: Go to 10th frame → insert keyframe.

Step 6: Repeat Step 4 & 5 until raindrop reaches down to the stage.

Step 7: Finally, right click on raindrop → Go to timeline effects → Effects → Select


Explode. This will change the current layer name as Explode 1.

Step 8: Press Ctrl + Enter to test the movie.

OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

11. Sunset: Create a suitable background with clouds and mountains on


one layer. Draw the Sun on another layer. On the third layer draw birds.
Provide animation to show the birds flying across the Sun that keeps fading.

Step 1: Go to macromedia flash 8, click on flash document→click ok.

Step 2: Double click on one layer and rename it as sun

Step 3: Using oval tool, draw sun.

Step 4: Select the sun and convert it into symbol (F8) and then go to 50th frame and insert
key frame (F6)

Step 5: By using free transform tool resize the sun and set the position.

Step 7: Insert a new layer and rename it as mountain.

Step 8: Using pencil or line tool, draw mountain.

Step 9: Go to 50th frame and insert key frame on mountain layer.

Step 10: Insert a new layer and rename it as cloud.

Step 11: Using pencil or brush tool, draw cloud.

Step 12: Go to 50th frame and insert key frame on cloud layer.

Step 13: Insert a new layer and rename it as birds.

Step 14: Draw the birds using pencil or brush tool, select all the birds by holding shift key
and insert key frame for birds layer at intervals of 5.

Step 15: Press Ctrl + Enter to test the movie.

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OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

12. Stickman Walk: Draw a walking track on one layer. On another layer
draw a stickman, with animation show the man walking over the track from
left to right.

Step 1: Go to macromedia flash 8, click on flash document→click ok.

Step 2: Rename layer 1 as track, draw the track and convert it into symbol (F8).

Step 3: Insert another layer rename it as stickman.

Step 4: Draw stickman and convert it into symbol and insert keyframe on stickman layer
and insert frame(F5) on track layer.

Step 5: Delete the stickman and repeat the step 4 by changing the position of stickman and
insert keyframe with the interval of 5.

Step 6: Repeat the same steps 5 to 6 times and press Ctrl + Enter to test the movie.

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OUTPUT

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

MULTIMEDIA LAB VIVA QUESTIONS

1. What is multimedia?
Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms such
as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content.
Ex: An image, A graphical icon, A movie clip.

2. What are its applications?


A multimedia message makes the user to understand the message user
friendly. So multimedia Concepts are used to create motion pictures like
Mpeg, Jpeg, png etc.
MPEG: Moving Picture Experts Group / Motion Picture Experts Group.
JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group.
GIF: Graphics Interchange Format.
PNG: Portable Network Graphics.
PDF: Portable Document Format.
TIF: Tagged Image File.

3. Software’s used in Multimedia?


Photoshop, Flash, Max, Autodesk Maya, ZBrsuh etc.

4. What are the applications of flash multimedia software.


Using flash, we can create story board consisting of 2D graphical images
speech bubble.
We can also create motion for the objects of the flash, so that it looks
like a movie.

5. Industrial applications of flash.


Television industry for creating advertisements, magazines and media.

6. Name some tools of flash software


Selection, sub selection, free transform, gradient, line, lasso, pen tool, text, oval,
rectangle, pencil, brush, paint bucket etc.

7. Name the version of flash software you are using in your lab
Macromedia Flash Professional 8.0

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8. What is a frame
A movie or a picture inserted in a single work area for a single timeline is called
a frame

9. What is a keyframe
Method of locking a frame in a predefined timeline unit is called keyframe

10.Which is the shortcut key used to add keyframes


F6

11.What is a photoshop
It is an application software used to edit the photographs for some interactive
applications.

12.Which version of software you are using in your lab


Adobe Photoshop 7.0

13.Name few tools which we used in photoshop software


There are tools like move tool, lasso tool, magic wand, crop, Blur tool, brush
tool, eraser, paint bucket, pen tool etc.

14.Industrial applications of photoshop


Photoshop software application is found in Photographer, Newspaper Agencies,
Web Designer, Graphics Designer, Advertiser etc.

15.What is the shortcut key used to zoom in and zoom out for an imported picture
to work area?
Ctrl+ (zoom in) Ctrl- (zoom out)

16.Which is the tool used to cut an object from an image


Lasso, Polygonal lasso, Magnetic lasso tool.

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MULTIMEDIA LAB (15CS23P) 2015 CURRICULLUM

REFERENCES

1. Practical Photoshop® CS6, Level 1 by Barbara Zukin Heiman, Donald Laird, Corrine Haverinen,
Windsor Green, & Marilyn P. Kelly Practical Photoshop.
2. Project Flash MX by Nat Gertler, Thomson Delmar Learning Publication.
3. Comdex Multimedia and Web Design Course Kit, DreamTech, Vikas Gupta, ISBN
13:788177229196
4. http://www.coursestuff.co.uk/DESI1182/docs/Flash%20tutorials.pdf
5. http://w3.id.tue.nl/fileadmin/id/objects/E- telier/Phidgets/Software/Flash/fl8_tutorials.pdf
6. http://design.tutsplus.com/articles/50-great-photoshop-tutorials-for-clever-beginners-- psd-785

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