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Module 5 - Quantum Computing Problems

1. The matrix representation of the linear operator X that maps |0> to |1> and |1> to |0> is X = [[0,1],[1,0]]. 2. The matrix A = [[0,-i],[i,0]] is equal to its adjoint, or A† = A. 3. The matrix U = [[√1/2, √1/2],[√i/2, -√i/2]] is unitary since U†U = I, the identity matrix.

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15 views2 pages

Module 5 - Quantum Computing Problems

1. The matrix representation of the linear operator X that maps |0> to |1> and |1> to |0> is X = [[0,1],[1,0]]. 2. The matrix A = [[0,-i],[i,0]] is equal to its adjoint, or A† = A. 3. The matrix U = [[√1/2, √1/2],[√i/2, -√i/2]] is unitary since U†U = I, the identity matrix.

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srinidhi
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 5

Problems: Quantum Computing

1. A linear operator X operates such that X |0i = |1i and X |1i = |0i. Find the matrix
representation of X.

Soln :
     
x11 x12 1 0
X= , |0i = , |1i =
x21 x22 0 1

Given, X |0i = |1i


    
x x12 1 0
X = 11 =
x21 x22 0 1

   
x 0
X = 11 =
x21 1

Multiplying the matrices on LHS and equating with the matrix on the RHS, we get

x11 = 0 and x21 = 1

Given, X |1i = |0i


    
x x12 0 1
X = 11 =
x21 x22 1 0

   
x 1
X = 12 =
x22 0

Multiplying the matrices on LHS and equating with the matrix on the RHS, we get

x12 = 1 and x22 = 0

Therefore,
   
x11 x12 0 1
X= =
x21 x22 1 0

 
0 −i
2. Given, A = , prove that A† = A.
i 0

Soln : We know that, A† = (A∗ )T


The conjugate of matrix A is given by

1
 
0 i
A∗ =
−i 0

Thus,
 
0 −i
(A∗ )T = =A
i 0
" #
√1 √1
3. Show that the matrix U = 2 2 is Unitary.
√i − √i2
2

Soln : A matrix is Unitary if, U † U = I. Therefore,


" 1 #
√ − √i
U † = 12 i
2
√ √
2 2
" #" #
√1 − √i2 √1 √1

1 0
U †U = 2
√i
2 2 =I
√1
2
√i
2 2
− √i2 0 1

4. Find the inner product of states |0i and |1i and also draw conclusion on the result.

Soln : The inner product is given by h0|1i


   
1 0
We know that, |0i = , |1i =
0 1
Therefore,
 
 0
h0|1i = 1 0 =0
1

Thus, the states |0i and |1i are orthogonal to each other
   
α1 β1
5. Given, |ψi = and |φi = . Prove that hψ|φi = hφ|ψi∗
α2 β2

Soln : We have
 
∗ ∗ β1
= α1 ∗ β1 + α2 ∗ β2 − − −(1)

hψ|φi = α1 α2
β2

Similarly,
 
∗ ∗ α1
= β 1 ∗ α1 + β 2 ∗ α2

hφ|ψi = β1 β2
α2
or

hφ|ψi∗ = α1 ∗ β1 + α2 ∗ β2 − − −(2)

Thus, from (1) and (2),

hψ|φi = hφ|ψi∗

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