1.

Cloud mist or dew will always form when:

a) Water vapour is present in the atmosphere
b) When the dewpoint and temperature are equal
c) The air is stable

2.Which of the following is correct?

a) The temperature, dew point spread can be used to determine the
cloud base
b) Relative humidity is the ratio of air to water
c) Vapour pressure is high when the relative humidity is low

3. At what height AGL would you expect to find cloud developing if the
following
conditions prevail?
Surface temp. +24°C; ELR 2.5°C/1000’; Dew Point 12°C; SALR
1.5°C/1000’
a) ± 4000’
b) ± 5000’
c) ± 8000’

4. During the adiabatic process the following changes:

a) Temperature, pressure and volume
b) Temperature, pressure and absolute humidity
c) Pressure, volume and absolute humidity

5.Select the true statement concerning isobars and wind flow

patterns around high- and low-pressure systems that are
shown on a surface weather chart.
A) When the isobars are close together, the pressure gradient
force is greater and wind velocities are stronger.
B) Surface winds flow perpendicular to the isobars.
C) Isobars connect contour lines of equal temperature.
D) When the isobars are far apart, crest of standing waves
may be marked by stationary lenticular clouds.
6. Which forces are balanced with geostrophic winds?
A) Pressure gradient force, Coriolis force.
B) Friction force, pressure gradient force, Coriolis force.
C) Pressure gradient force, Coriolis force, centrifugal force.
D) Pressure gradient force, centrifugal force, friction force.
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7. A monsoon is a giant:
a) Sea breeze
b) Katabatic wind
c) Berg wind

8.. In the Southern Hemisphere, when the winds at 5000 ft above mean
sea level are
north-easterly most of the surface winds are easterly. This difference in
direction is
primarily due to:
a) A stronger pressure gradient at high altitudes
b) Stronger Coriolis force at the surface
c) Friction between the wind and the surface

9. Which of the following statements regarding the seabreeze is true?

a) The seabreeze occurs during the night
b) The seabreeze blows from the land to the sea
c) The seabreeze generally affects a strip of 10 to 15 nautical miles
either side of the coastline

10. While on final approach the wind sheers from a crosswind to a

headwind. This will
cause:
a) The indicated airspeed to increase momentarily and the aircraft’s
glide path to steepen
b) The indicated airspeed to decrease momentarily and the aircraft’s glide
angle to decrease
c) The indicated airspeed to decrease momentarily and the aircraft’s glide
to steepen

11. The characteristics if stable air is:

a) Poor visibility and steady precipitation from stratus type cloud
b) Poor visibility and intermittent rain from cumuliform type cloud
c) Good visibility and steady precipitation from cumuliform type cloud

12. A general characteristic of a cold airmass is:

a) Stability
b) Smooth flying conditions above the friction layer
c) Good visibility

13. An air mass is moving slowly over a high plateau in winter and the
pressure is high.
The relative humidity will:
a) Increase
b) Decrease
c) Remain unchanged

14. The general characteristics of unstable air are:

a) Good visibility, showery precipitation and cumuliform type cloud
b) Good visibility, steady precipitation and stratiform type cloud
c) Poor visibility, intermittent precipitation and cumuliform type cloud.

15. Which weather conditions can be expected when moist air flows from a
relatively
warm surface to a colder surface?
a) Stratus layer type cloud
b) Convective turbulence due to surface heating
c) Fog, or mist

16. If the surface wind direction is 220°, what do you expect the upper wind
direction to
be at 3000 feet?
a) ± 180°
b) ± 220°
c) ± 240°

17. With reference to jet-streams, CAT is usually found:

a) Approximately 1000’ above the tropopause
b) Approximately 1000’ below the tropopause
c) In a layer extending 2000’ above 6000’ and below the tropopause
d) None of the above

18. What determines the type of cloud (structure) which is a result of air
being forced to
ascend?
a) The method by which the air is lifted
b) The stability of the air before lifting occurs
c) The SALR temperature

19. The type of cloud expected to form when unstable moist air is forced to
rise over a
mountain is most likely to be:
a) Stratified clouds with intermittent showers
b) Layer type cloud with little vertical development
c) Vertical development type cloud

20. Lenticular altocumulus standing clouds are likely to indicate:

a) Jet streams
b) Heavy icing conditions
c) Strong turbulence

21. The suffix Nimbus, used in naming clouds, means:

a) Cloud with extensive vertical development
b) Raincloud
c) Dark massive, towering cloud

22. Which of the following are correct? In order to dissipate cloud

1 The temperature must decrease to below the dew point

2 Relative humidity must decrease to below 100 %
3 Dry air must replace moist air (advection)
4 Precipitation will assist
5 Contact heating will have no effect
23. Subsiding air will assist

a) 1, 3, 6
b) 2, 4, 5
c) 2, 3, 4, 6

24. Conditions most favorable for the formation of radiation fog are:
a) Cold air moving over a warm surface at night
b) Warm, moist air moving over a cold surface
c) Warm, moist air over low flat land areas on clear nights with a light
breeze

25. Under which condition does advection fog usually form?

a) Moist air moving over colder ground or water
b) Warm, moist settling over a cool surface under no wind conditions
c) A land breeze blowing a cold air mass over a warm water current

26. Choose the correct statement:

a) Fog – visibility more than 1000 m
b) Mist – visibility more than 1000 m
c) None of the above

27. Which of the following is correct?

a) Sea fog and advection fog are the same thing
b) During valley fog an anabatic wind blows
c) The Stephenson screen measures mainly pressure

28. Which weather phenomenon is always associated with the passage of

a frontal
system?
a) A wind change
b) An abrupt decrease in pressure
c) Clouds, either ahead or behind the front
d) An abrupt temperature decrease
29. After the passage of a cold front at Cape Town the wind veers to NW,
this probably
indicates:
a) The bad weather is over
b) A Col.
c) A family depression

30. Frontal fog is associated mainly with:

a) Warm fronts
b) Cold fronts
c) Cold occluded fronts

31. When crossing a front at higher altitude the change in the temperature
and wind,
direction will be:
a) Greater than the change at a lower altitude
b) Less than the change at a lower altitude
c) The same as the change at a lower altitude

32. The correct method to avoid wake turbulence during take-off and
landing is to:
a) Take-off and land beyond the touchdown of arriving aircraft
b) Take-off and land beyond the point of rotation of departing aircraft
c) Maintain a lower glide path than the aircraft ahead and land beyond its
touchdown point

33.An aircraft is flying over the sea at FL100, with a true altitude
of 10.000 feet; local QNH is 1.003 hPa. What assumption,
if any, can be made about the air mass in which the
aircraft is flying?
A) There is insufficient information to come to any conclusion.
B) Its average temperature is about ISA.
C) It is colder than ISA.
D) It is warmer than ISA

34.
Absolute instability in the atmosphere will occur when the environmental
lapse rate is:
A) greater than both saturated adiabatic lapse rate and dry adiabatic
lapse rate.
B) less than saturated adiabatic lapse rate.
C) less than both saturated adiabatic lapse rate and dry adiabatic lapse
rate.
D) greater than saturated adiabatic lapse rate but less than dry adiabatic
lapse rate.

35.
For both saturated and unsaturated air instability will occur
when the:
A) environmental lapse rate is greater than both dry adiabatic
lapse rate and saturated adiabatic lapse rate.
B) environmental lapse rate is greater than saturated adiabatic
lapse rate but less than dry adiabatic lapse rate.
C) environmental lapse rate is less than both dry adiabatic
lapse rate and saturated adiabatic lapse rate.
D) dry adiabatic lapse rate is less than saturated adiabatic
lapse rate but greater than environmental lapse rate.

The weather is clear and the temperature decreases uniformly

and rapidly as you climb (approaching 3,2 °C per
1.000 ft), you have an indication of:
A) stable air.
B) unstable air.
C) saturation.
D) sublimation.
36. Which term applies when the temperature of the air changes
by compression or expansion with no heat added or removed?
A) Katabatic
B) Advection
C) Adiabatic
D) Atmospheric

37. The presence of standing lenticular AC clouds is a good

indication of:
A) updrafts and downdrafts.
B) an approaching thunderstorm.
C) an unstable air mass.
D) a stable air mass.

38. What can be said about the formation of haze?

A) Dust particles are trapped below an inversion.

B) The air is very cold and thus the relative humidity
increases.
C) A strong lifting action in the atmosphere is necessary.
D) A frontal system is the cause.

39. Regarding stratus (ST) and nimbostratus (NS):

A) neither does cause precipitation.
B) ST does cause drizzle and NS rain showers
C) ST does cause rain showers and NS drizzle.
D) ST does cause drizzle and NS rain

40. With what type of cloud is heavy precipitation unlikely during

the summer months?
A) NS, CC.
B) CB, ST.
C) SC, AS.
D) AS, NS.
41. Large hail stones:
A) only occur in thunderstorms of mid-latitudes.
B) are typically associated with severe thunderstorms.
C) are entirely composed of clear ice.
D) only occur in frontal thunderstorms.

42.Precipitation in the form of showers occurs mainly from:

A) clouds containing only ice crystals.
B) stratified clouds.
C) cirro-type clouds.
D) convective clouds.

43. What type of clouds are associated with rain showers?

A) Nimbostratus.
B) Towering cumulus and altostratus.
C) Altostratus and stratus.
D) Towering cumulus and cumulonimbus.

44. Which one of the following types of cloud is most likely to

produce heavy precipitation?
A) SC
B) CS
C) NS
D) ST

45. Stratiform clouds indicate stable air. Flight generally will

be:
A) rough with good visibility.
B) smooth with low ceiling and visibility.
C) smooth with good visibility.
D) smooth with moderate turbulence and good visibility.
46. Air density is mass of air per unity of volume, and is influenced
by:
A) pressure, latitude and season.
B) pressure, temperature and the amount of water vapour.
C) altitude.
D) altitude, pressure, temperature and the amount of water
Vapour.

47. Which statement is correct for an absolutely unstable atmosphere?

A) Visibility is good between showers.
B) The environmental lapse rate is less than 1 °C / 100 m.
C) Clouds are mainly of the stratiform type.
D) The dry adiabatic lapse rate is more than 1 °C / 100 m.

48.What is the preference of a layer with constant temperature?

A) Absolutely stable.
B) Unstable.
C) Relatively stable.
D) An example of an inversion.

49. What type of cloud is being described? A generally grey

cloud layer with fairly uniform base and uniform appearance,
which may give drizzle or snow grains. When the sun
is visible through the cloud, the outline is clearly discernible.
Sometimes it appears in the form of ragged patches.
A) Stratus
B) Altostratus
C) Nimbostratus
D) Cirrostratus

50. Which of the following processes within a layer of air may

lead to the building of CU and CB clouds?
A) Frontal lifting within stable layers.
B) Radiation.
C) Subsidence.
D) Convection.
51.Which of the following sets of conditions are most likely to
lead to the formation of advection fog?
A) Cold maritime air flowing over a warmer land surface at a
speed greater than 15 kts.
B) Clear skies at night over an inland marshy area.
C) A mild moist airstream flowing over colder surfaces with a
wind in excess of 30 kts.
D) A mild moist airstream flowing over colder surfaces with
the wind speed less than 15 kts.