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Stack and Queue

In C++, constructors are special methods that are automatically invoked when objects are created to initialize object data members. There are two types of constructors: default and parameterized. A default constructor has no arguments and is used when an object is created without initializing member values. A parameterized constructor allows values to be passed during object creation to initialize member data. Constructors work opposite to destructors, which are invoked automatically to destruct objects and free allocated memory.

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17 views

Stack and Queue

In C++, constructors are special methods that are automatically invoked when objects are created to initialize object data members. There are two types of constructors: default and parameterized. A default constructor has no arguments and is used when an object is created without initializing member values. A parameterized constructor allows values to be passed during object creation to initialize member data. Constructors work opposite to destructors, which are invoked automatically to destruct objects and free allocated memory.

Uploaded by

Vikas Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C++ Constructor

In C++, constructor is a special method which is invoked automatically at the time of object
creation. It is used to initialize the data members of new object generally. The constructor
in C++ has the same name as class or structure.

There can be two types of constructors in C++.

o Default constructor
o Parameterized constructor

C++ Default Constructor


A constructor which has no argument is known as default constructor. It is invoked at the
time of creating object.

1. #include <iostream>
2. using namespace std;
3. class Employee
4. {
5. public:
6. Employee()
7. {
8. cout<<"Default Constructor Invoked"<<endl;
9. }
10. };
11. int main(void)
12. {
13. Employee e1; //creating an object of Employee
14. Employee e2;
15. return 0;
16. }

Output:

Default Constructor Invoked


Default Constructor Invoked

C++ Parameterized Constructor


A constructor which has parameters is called parameterized constructor. It is used to
provide different values to distinct objects.

ASR RANA 1
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Employee {
public:
int id;//data member (also instance variable)
string name;//data member(also instance variable)
float salary;
Employee(int i, string n, float s)
{
id = i;
name = n;
salary = s;
}
void display()
{
cout<<id<<" "<<name<<" "<<salary<<endl;
}
};
int main(void) {
Employee e1 =Employee(101, "Sonoo", 890000); //creating an object of
Employee
Employee e2=Employee(102, "Nakul", 59000);
e1.display();
e2.display();
return 0;
}

Output:

101 Sonoo 890000


102 Nakul 59000

C++ Destructor
A destructor works opposite to constructor; it destructs the objects of classes. It can be
defined only once in a class. Like constructors, it is invoked automatically.

A destructor is defined like constructor. It must have same name as class. But it is prefixed
with a tilde sign (~).

C++ Constructor and Destructor Example


1. #include <iostream>
2. using namespace std;
3. class Employee
4. {
5. public:
6. Employee()
7. {

ASR RANA 2
8. cout<<"Constructor Invoked"<<endl;
9. }
10. ~Employee()
11. {
12. cout<<"Destructor Invoked"<<endl;
13. }
14. };
15. int main(void)
16. {
17. Employee e1; //creating an object of Employee
18. Employee e2; //creating an object of Employee
19. return 0;
20. }

Output:

Constructor Invoked
Constructor Invoked
Destructor Invoked
Destructor Invoked

ASR RANA 3

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