The document contains three problems related to boiling and condensation processes. The first problem involves determining heat transfer and evaporation rates for water boiling in pipes heated by hot gases. The second problem evaluates critical heat flux and temperature increase during boiling experiments on a heated wire. The third problem estimates heat transfer and condensation rates for ammonia vapor condensing on a tube.
The document contains three problems related to boiling and condensation processes. The first problem involves determining heat transfer and evaporation rates for water boiling in pipes heated by hot gases. The second problem evaluates critical heat flux and temperature increase during boiling experiments on a heated wire. The third problem estimates heat transfer and condensation rates for ammonia vapor condensing on a tube.
Chemical Engineering Department January 2023 Semester ChEg 3106 – Thermal Unit Operation Assignment Two – Boiling and Condensation
1. In a gas-fired boiler, water is boiled at 150°C by hot gases flowing through
50 m long, 5 cm outer diameter mechanically polished stainless steel pipes submerged in water. If the outer surface temperature of the pipes is 165°C, determine a. the rate of heat transfer from the hot gases to water, the rate of evaporation, b. the ratio of the critical heat flux to the present heat flux, and c. the surface temperature of the pipe at which critical heat flux occurs.
2. To understand the burnout phenomenon, boiling experiments are conducted in
water at atmospheric pressure using an electrically heated 30 cm long, 3 mm diameter nickel plated horizontal wire. Evaluate; a. the critical heat flux and b. the increase in the temperature of the wire as the operating point jumps from the nucleate boiling to the film boiling regime at the critical heat flux. Take the emissivity of the wire to be 0.5.
3. Saturated ammonia vapour at 10°C condenses on the outside of a 2 cm outer
diameter, 8 m long horizontal tube whose outer surface is maintained at 10°C. Estimate; a. the rate of heat transfer from the ammonia and b. the rate of condensation of ammonia.