Green University of Bangladesh

Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE)

Semester: (Fall, Year: 2023), B.Sc. in CSE (Day)

IP Telephony System Network Design

Course Title:Computer Networking Lab

Course Code: CSE-312
Section:211 D1

Students Details

Name ID
Pranto Dutta 201002109

Submission Date: 09/01/2024

Course Teacher’s Name: Tanpia Tasnim

[For teachers use only: Don’t write anything inside this box]

Lab Project Status

Marks: Signature:
Comments: Date:
Contents
1 Introduction 3
1.1 Overview......................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Motivation....................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Problem Definition.......................................................................................... 3
1.3.1 Problem Statement..............................................................................3
1.3.2 Complex Engineering Problem.......................................................... 4
1.4 Design Goals/Objectives................................................................................. 4
1.5 Application...................................................................................................... 5

2 Design/Development/Implementation of the Project 6

2.1 Introduction..................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Project Details................................................................................................. 6
2.2.1 Subsection_name................................................................................ 6
2.3 Implementation................................................................................................6
2.3.1 Subsection_name................................................................................ 7
2.4 Algorithms.......................................................................................................8

3 Performance Evaluation 9
3.1 Simulation Environment/ Simulation Procedure.............................................9
3.1.1 Subsection...........................................................................................9
3.2 Results Analysis/Testing................................................................................. 9
3.2.1 Result_portion_1.............................................................................. 10
3.3 Results Overall Discussion............................................................................11
3.3.1 Complex Engineering Problem Discussion...................................... 12
4 Conclusion 13
4.1 Discussion..................................................................................................... 13
4.2 Limitations.....................................................................................................13
4.3 Scope of Future Work....................................................................................13
Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1 Overview
All desktops have an associated telephone set (each PC is connected directly to a Phone,
not a switch). The network consists of four servers (DHCP, EMAIL, DNS,HTTP) located at
the server side site and is fully configured for the operations, and all servers are shared
between all users.

1.2 Motivation
The motivation for designing an IP Telephony System (IPT) network can be multifaceted,
driven by both technical and economic considerations. Here are some key motivators:

➔ Cost Savings:
● Reduced Infrastructure Costs: IPT leverages existing data networks, eliminating the
need for dedicated phone lines and associated hardware, leading to significant cost
savings in cabling, installation, and maintenance.

➔ Environmental Benefits:

● Reduced Paper Usage: Integrating voicemail and call logs with email
systems can significantly reduce paper consumption associated with
traditional phone systems.

1.3 Problem Definition

1.3.1 Problem Statement

Designing an effective IP Telephony System (IPT) network requires careful

consideration of various challenges and constraints. Here's a breakdown of the key
problem areas:
 ● Network Performance and Quality of Service (QoS)
● Security and Reliability
● Integration and Interoperability
● Cost and Return on Investment (ROI)
● Scalability and Future-proofing

1.3.2 Complex Engineering Problem

While IPT offers numerous advantages, designing its network presents several
complex engineering challenges that require careful consideration and innovative
solutions. Here are some of the most intricate hurdles:

● Optimizing Network Performance for Real-Time Voice

● Ensuring Security and Reliability in a Converged Network
● Integrating Legacy Systems and Emerging Technologies
● Balancing Scalability with Manageability
● Measuring and Optimizing Performance

1.4 Design Goals/Objectives

● When designing an IP Telephony System (IPT) network, it's crucial to establish clear
goals and objectives to ensure the network meets the specific needs and expectations
of the organization. Here are some key design goals to consider:

● Performance and Quality of Service (QoS)

● Cost-Effectiveness and Efficiency
● Security and Privacy
● Functionality and Features
● Scalability and Future-Proofing
● Sustainability and Environmental Impact

Table 1.1: Summary of the IP of our project

PC :

Dept Network PC Subnet Mask Address Broadcast

Address Host Range Address

Finance 192.168.100.0 21 255.255.255.224/27 192.168.100.1 192.168.100.31

To
192.168.100.30

HR 192.168.100.32 21 255.255.255.224/27 192.168.100.33 192.168.100.63

To
192.168.100.62

Sales 192.168.100.64 21 255.255.255.224/27 192.168.100.65 192.168.100.95

 To
192.168.100.94

ICT 192.168.100.96 21 255.255.255.224/27 192.168.100.97 192.168.100.127

To
192.168.100.126

ServerSide 192.168.100.128 21 255.255.255.228/29 192.168.100.129 192.168.100.135

To
192.168.100.134

Phone :

Dept Network PC Subnet Mask Address Broadcast

Address Host Range Address

Finance 172.16.100.0 20 255.255.255.224/27 172.168.100.1 172.168.100.31

To
172.168.100.30

HR 172.16.100.32 20 255.255.255.224/27 172.168.100.33 172.168.100.63

To
172.168.100.62

Sales 172.16.100.64 20 255.255.255.224/27 172.168.100.65 172.168.100.95

To
172.168.100.94

ICT 172.16.100.96 20 255.255.255.224/27 172.168.100.97 172.168.100.127

To
172.168.100.126

1.5 Application
IP Telephony (IPT) has revolutionized communication, finding applications across a wide
range of sectors and scenarios. Here are some prominent examples:

● Cost Reduction
● Scalability and Flexibility
● Unified Communication
● Mobile Workforce Enablement
● Disaster Recovery
● Telemedicine and Remote Patient Care
● Improved Communication between Healthcare Teams
● Patient Monitoring and Emergency Response
Chapter 2

Design/Development/Implementation
of the Project

2.1 Introduction
This project aims to design, develop, and implement an IP telephony (VoIP) system
network for [Target Audience/Organization]. By migrating from traditional telephony
systems to VoIP, we seek to achieve improved communication efficiency, reduced costs,
and enhanced collaboration capabilities.

2.2 Project Details

This project aims to design, develop, and implement an IP telephony system network for
[target organization/client]. This system will replace the existing traditional phone system
(PSTN) and provide a cost-effective, scalable, and feature-rich communication solution.

2.3 Implementation
Implementing an IP Telephony System involves translating the design into a working
solution. Below is a step-by-step guide for the implementation phase:

● Creating a network topology using Cisco Packet Tracer.

● Hierarchical Network Design.
● Connecting Networking devices with Correct cabling.
● Configuring Basic device settings.
● Creating VLANs and assigning ports VLAN numbers.
● Creating both data and voice VLANs and assigning ports VLAN numbers.
● Subnetting and IP Addressing.
● Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing on the Routers (router-on-a-stick).
● Configuring Dedicated DHCP Server device for Data to provide dynamic IP
allocation.
● Configuring Routers as DHCP server for Voice to provide IP Phones dynamic
IP allocation.
● Configuring SSH for secure Remote access.
● Configuring OSPF as the routing protocol.
● Configuring VoIP or Telephony service configuration in all routers.
● Configuring Routing for VoIP or Dial peering configuration in all routers.
2.3.1 Subsection_name

Here are some common subsection names that could be included in an IP Telephony
System Network Design project:

● Topology Design:
○ Define the physical and logical layout of the network.
○ Identify the placement of IP phones, voice gateways, and other components.

● VLAN and Subnet Design:

○ Implement VLANs to separate voice and data traffic.
○ Assign appropriate subnets to each VLAN.

● Redundancy and High Availability :

○ Implement High Availability (HA) mechanisms for continuous
service.
○ Plan for failover scenarios and ensure seamless transitions.

● Bandwidth Calculation and Dimensioning:

○ Estimate bandwidth requirements for voice traffic.
○ Plan for adequate bandwidth in WAN links connecting remote
offices.

● Routing and Switching Design:

○ Configure routers for optimal routing of voice traffic.
○ Implement routing protocols suitable for voice, considering
convergence time.

● Security Design:
○ Define security policies for voice traffic.
○ Implement access controls and authentication mechanisms.

● Network Address Translation (NAT) Considerations:

○ Address NAT requirements for external connectivity.
○ Ensure proper handling of SIP and RTP traffic through NAT
devices.

● Device and Protocol Selection:

○ Choose appropriate IP phones, voice gateways, and other
hardware.
○ Select the IP telephony protocol (SIP, H.323) based on
organizational needs.
 2.4 Algorithms
Designing, developing, and implementing an IP Telephony System involves
several key components, including network design, protocols, algorithms, and
system architecture. Below is an outline of the steps involved in the project,
focusing on network design and algorithms. Please note that this is a high-level
overview, and specific details may vary based on your project requirements.

Configure router/switch:

EN
conf t
hostname IT-Router
enable password adnan
line console 0
password adnan
login
exit
banner motd #NO UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS !!!#
service password-encryption
no ip domain-lookup
do wr
username adnan password adnan
ip domain name cisco.net
crypto key generate rsa general-keys modulus 1024 ip ssh version 2 line key 0 15
login local
transport input ssh
exit do wr
int fa0/1
switchport mode trunk
ex
int range fa0/2-5
switchport mode access
ex vlan 50
name DATA
vlan 100
name VOICE
ex
int range fa0/2-5
switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 50
switchport voice vlan 100

ex
do wr
Chapter 3

Performance Evaluation

3.1 Simulation Environment/ Simulation Procedure

Choose a network simulation tool suitable for IP Telephony testing. Popular choices
include Cisco Packet Tracer, GNS3, or simulation modules provided by vendors like
Cisco's Unified Communications Manager.

3.2 Results Analysis/Testing

Interface:

service dhcp
ip dhcp excluded-address 172.16.100.fin-1/HR-33/sales-65/ICT-97
ip dhcp pool FinVoice/HRVoice/SalesVoice/ICTVoice
network 172.16.100.0/32/64/96 255.255.255.224
default-router 172.16.100.1/33/65/97
option 150 ip 172.16.100.1/33/65/97
ex
do wr

Sub-Interface:

int fa0/1.50
encapsulation dot1Q 50
ip address 192.168.100.129 255.255.255.248
ip helper-address 192.168.100.130
exit
int fa0/1.100
encapsulation dot1Q 100
ip address 172.16.100.97 255.255.255.224
exit

OSPF configure:
Server router:

router ospf 10
network 10.10.10.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 10.10.10.12 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 192.168.100.128 0.0.0.7 area 0
network 192.168.100.96 0.0.0.31 area 0
network 172.16.100.96 0.0.0.31 area 0
 Fin router: HR router: Sales router:

router ospf 10 router ospf 10 router ospf 10

network 10.10.10.4 0.0.0.3 network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.3 network 10.10.10.8 0.0.0.3
area 0 area 0 area 0
network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.3 network 10.10.10.8 0.0.0.3 network 10.10.10.12 0.0.0.3
area 0 area 0 area 0
network 192.168.100.0 network 192.168.100.32 network 192.168.100.64
0.0.0.31 area 0 0.0.0.31 area 0 0.0.0.31 area 0
network 172.16.100.0 network 172.16.100.32 network 172.16.100.64
0.0.0.31 area 0 0.0.0.31 area 0 0.0.0.31 area 0

Voip setup: number 409

telephony-service ephone-dn 10
max-dn 20 number 410
max-ephones 20 ephone-dn 11
ip source-address 172.16.100.97 port 2000 number 411
auto assign 1 to 20 ephone-dn 12
ex number 412
ephone-dn 1 ephone-dn 13
number 401 number 413
ephone-dn 2 ephone-dn 14
number 402 number 414
ephone-dn 3 ephone-dn 15
number 403 number 415
ephone-dn 4 ephone-dn 16
number 404 number 416
ephone-dn 5 ephone-dn 17
number 405 number 417
ephone-dn 6 ephone-dn 18
number 406 number 418
ephone-dn 7 ephone-dn 19
number 407 number 419
ephone-dn 8 ephone-dn 20
number 408 number 420
ephone-dn 9

Peering:

finance: HR: Sales: ICT:

dial-peer voice 1 voip dial-peer voice 1 voip dial-peer voice 4 voip dial-peer voice 2 voip
destination-pattern 2.. destination-pattern 1.. destination-pattern 2.. destination-pattern 1..
session target session target session target session target
ipv4:10.10.10.2 ipv4:10.10.10.1 ipv4:10.10.10.9 ipv4:10.10.10.5
ex ex ex ex
dial-peer voice 2 voip dial-peer voice 4 voip dial-peer voice 5 voip dial-peer voice 5 voip
destination-pattern 4.. destination-pattern 3.. destination-pattern 4.. destination-pattern 3..
session target session target session target session target
ipv4:10.10.10.6 ipv4:10.10.10.10 ipv4:10.10.10.14 ipv4:10.10.10.13
ex ex ex ex
dial-peer voice 3 voip dial-peer voice 6 voip dial-peer voice 3 voip dial-peer voice 6 voip
destination-pattern 3.. destination-pattern 4.. destination-pattern 1.. destination-pattern 2..
session target session target session target session target
ipv4:10.10.10.10 ipv4:10.10.10.14 ipv4:10.10.10.1 ipv4:10.10.10.9
ex ex ex ex

3.2.1 Result_portion_1

Between The Routers

No. Network Address

Finance to HR 10.10.10.0/30

Finance to ICT 10.10.10.4/30

Sales to HR 10.10.10.8/30

Sales to ICT 10.10.10.12/30

 Figure 2.1 :IP Telephony System (IPT)

Dept Default ip for DataPool Default ip for VoicePool

Finance 172.16.100.1
HR 172.16.100.33
Sales 172.16.100.65
ICT 172.16.100.97
Server

3.3 Results Overall Discussion

The Results and Overall Discussion section of an IP Telephony System Network
Design Project provides a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the outcomes
obtained during the design, development, and implementation phases. Here's a
breakdown of what this section may include:

● Performance Evaluation
● Security Effectiveness
● Bandwidth Management
● User Experience
● Compliance and Regulations

3.3.1 Complex Engineering Problem Discussion

In the context of an IP Telephony System Network Design Project, several complex

engineering problems may arise during the design, development, and implementation
phases. Let's discuss some of these challenges and potential strategies for addressing
them:

● Challenge: Ensuring consistent and high-quality voice communication across

the network, especially in the presence of varying network conditions.Securing
voice communication from potential threats, including eavesdropping and
unauthorized access.
● Strategy: Implement robust QoS mechanisms, including traffic prioritization,
bandwidth management, and latency control. Regularly monitor and optimize
QoS settings based on network performance.Implement a scalable architecture,
optimize routing and switching configurations, and conduct thorough load
testing. Consider cloud-based solutions for scalability.
Chapter 4

Conclusion
4.1 Discussion
The conclusion of an IP Telephony System Network Design Project should summarize the
key achievements, challenges, and the overall impact of the project. It serves as a reflection
on the journey from design to implementation, providing insights into the success of the
project and its potential future implications.

4.2 Limitations
In any complex engineering project, including the design and implementation of an IP
Telephony System Network, there are certain limitations and challenges that may
arise. It's important to identify and acknowledge these limitations to provide a realistic
assessment of the project's scope and potential areas for improvement.

4.3 Scope of Future Work

● Technology Roadmap: Outline potential future upgrades or expansions of the IP

Telephony System.
● Adaptation to Emerging Technologies: Discuss how the system is positioned to
adapt to emerging technologies in the field of telephony.

References
[1] "Voice over IP Fundamentals" by Jonathan Davidson, James Peters, Manoj
Bhatia.

[2] "IP Telephony Unveiled" by Kevin Brown and Joey Mildenberger.

[3] "Designing and Deploying 802.11 Wireless Networks" by Jim Geier (Relevant for
integrating wireless components in IP telephony).
[4] GURUTECH NETWORKS :
https://gurutechnetworks.otombenard.com/assetsProject/project8