Y1 Module 1 Setting and Operating Sewing Machines

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
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PUBLIC TECHNICAL-
VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOLS
GARMENTS NC II
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WHAT IS THIS MODULE ABOUT?
This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required in

setting and operating sewing machine/s.
WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?
At the end of this module, you should be able to:

a. set sewing machine/s;
b. conduct sample run;
c. test sewing machine output and re-adjust sewing machine setting;
and
d. maintain records of sewing machine in good running condition.
WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW?
Pre-test
Let us determine how much you already know about setting and
operating sewing machines. Complete the following sentences below.
Write the letter of your answer on a sheet of paper.
1. The equipment that makes sewing easier and faster is _________.

a. electric iron b. iron board
c. sewing machine d. working table
2. The size of sewing machine needle used for general sewing is
__________.
a. 10 b. 12 c. 14 d. 16
3. A machine that is run by foot which may also be converted to electric
power machine is known as __________.
a. hemmer machine b. high speed over edger
c. lockstitch machine d. over edging machine
4. A machine with an oiler tank where oil is restored under its bed is
______________.
a. embroidery machine b. hemmer machine
c. hi-speed lockstitch machine d. over edging machine
5. A machine used in making fancy stitches and in making different
kinds of embroidery stitches on fabrics is _____________.
a. button holer machine b. double needle machine
c. embroidery machine d. lockstitch sewing machine
6. The flat portion of the sewing machine is called ________________.
a. arm b. bed c. cabinet d. head
7.The mechanism that sets the sewing machine in motion is
_______________.
a. balance wheel b. belt
c. feed dog d. stitch regulator
8. The part of the sewing machine that controls the looseness and
tightness of stitches is_______________.
1
a. bobbin b. presser foot
c. thread guide d. upper tension
9. The part of the sewing machine that checks the length of
stitches is the _____________________.
10. The part of the sewing machine that controls the bobbin while
winding the thread is known as __________________.
a. bobbin winder b. needle bar
c. needle clamp d. spool pin
11. The fabric that appears different in the up-and-down directions
depending on the reflection of light is ___________________.
a. napped b. non-woven
c. synthetic d. wash-and-wear
12. The first step in threading the upper part of the sewing machine is
the _______________.
a. bring the thread to thread guide
b. pull it through the lower thread guide
c. put the spool of thread on the spool pin
d. thread the needle
13. The first step in threading the lower part of the sewing machine is to
__________________.
a. be sure that you hear the case being locked upon inserting
the bobbin case inside the shuttle
b. pull the upper and lower thread together by 4 inches
c. put the bobbin back to the bobbin case and pull the thread
through the little slot at least 4 inches
d. remove the bobbin case pulling on the bobbin case latch.
14. _______________ is the most suitable fabric for beginners.
a. brocade b. cotton
c. satin d. velvet
15. When sewing, place one foot ______ on the treadle and the other foot
slightly back.
a. forward b. downward
c. sideward d. none of these
16. The correct way to stop the electric sewing machine is to
_______________.
a. ask for assistance
b. remove foot on the motor controller
c. place one hand on the balance wheel
d. push the sewing machine
17. One of these is a good characteristic of stitches.
a. There are skipped or broken gaps in stitching
b. The length of stitches is proportioned to the texture of the
fabric
c. The stitches have tangles
d. The stitches are tight
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18. The upper tension controls the thread from the _______________.
a. bobbin b. needle
c. thread guide d. spool pin
19. The lower tension controls the thread from the ______________.
a. bobbin b. bobbin case
c. feed dog d. shuttle
20. The pressure must be regulated according to the _______________ to
be stitched.
a. fabric b. material
c. paper d. plastic
3
LESSON 1
SETTING SEWING MACHINE
WHAT IS THIS LESSON ABOUT?
The lesson deals with the types of the sewing machine and sewing
machine setting.
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. identify the types of sewing machine;

2. identify the parts and functions of the sewing machine; and
3. set sewing machine correctly.
LET US STUDY
Words to study
 Altering –changing portion of a garment so that it fits the

body.
 Recycling –passing again through a cycle of changes or
treatment.
 Reinforcing–strengthening with additional support.
 Repairing – restoring to good condition.
 Setting – preparing of sewing machine for operation.
Sewing Equipment
A sewing machine is an equipment which is very important in any

sewing activity, whether be it repairing, altering clothes or recycling
household articles. It makes sewing easier and faster.
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Types of Sewing Machines
Well-selected sewing machine is essential for achieving good

results. It should be used correctly in accordance with the job
requirements.
1. Lockstitch Sewing Machine. This is usually

used in homes and sometimes in school. This is
also called “Domestic Sewing Machine”. It is run
by foot and may also be converted to electric
power machine.
2. Hi-Speed Lockstitch Sewing Machine. This is

sometimes called „straight stitching machine” or
industrial sewing machine. It has automatic
lubrication and is used by tailors and
dressmakers.
3. Over Edging Machine. Other companies call it

“small machine”. It finishes the raw edges of the
pattern for construction.
4. Embroidery Machine. This is used in making

fancy stitches and in making different kinds of
embroidery stitches on fabrics for the Barong
Tagalog, pillow cases, linen, and other novelty
items.
5. Button Holer Machine. This is used in

making buttonholes on garments.
5
6. Button Attachment Machine. This is used in

attaching buttons to the garments.
7. Double Needle Machine. This is used in the

construction of the different kinds of clothing
especially for the inseam, outseam and side
seam.
8. Bartacking Machine. This is used in

reinforcing the opening and closing of pockets
and plackets of garments.
Two Major Parts of the Lockstitch Sewing Machine
The two major parts of the lock stitch sewing machine are the
upper and lower parts.
The Upper Parts is composed of:
1. Head is the complete sewing

machine without a cabinet or
stand.
2. Arm is the curve part of the head
containing mechanism for
operating the needle.
3. Bed is the flat portion of the
machine and beneath is the
feed dog where it is mounted,
and the shuttle and lower
thread are placed.
Parts of the Sewing Machine in the Arm
1. Spool Pin is the thread holder.

2. Thread Guide keeps the thread in position.
3. Thread Take up Lever releases the thread and interlocks with
the bobbin thread.
4. Presser bar lifter moves the presser foot high.
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5. Tension controls the looseness and tightness of stitches.
6. Needle Bar holds the needle in place.
7. Needle Clamp holds and tightens the needle.
8. Presser Foot holds the fabric in place while sewing.
9. Needle is a slender tool attached in the needle clamp used for
sewing.
10. Bobbin Winder controls the bobbin while winding thread.
11. Stitch regulator checks the length of the stitches.
12. Balance Wheel sets the mechanism in motion.
13. Belt connects the balance wheel to the drive wheel.
14. Stop Motion Screw hinders moving when loosened and starts
moving when tightened.
2 12
1
10
3
4 5
13
7
11
14
8
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Parts of Sewing Machine under the Bed
1. Feed Dog moves the fabric while

sewing.
2. Throat plate is the windows of
the feed dog and it is where the
bobbin threads come out.
3. Slide plate is a movable plate
that covers the shuttle and
bobbin case.
4. Shuttle holds the bobbin case
while sewing.
5. Bobbin is a metal spool for
winding thread.
6. Bobbin Case holds the bobbin.
The Lower Parts of the Lock Stitch Sewing Machine
The lower parts of the sewing machine are the cabinet and the
stand. The cabinet has drawers and screw on the hinges for the
attachment of the head.
The following are the lower parts of the sewing machine and their
uses:
1. Band Wheel leads the balance wheel through the belt

connection.
2. Band Wheel Crank moves the band wheel.
3. Pitman Rod holds the treadle to band wheel crank.
4. Belt Guide holds the belt to its place.
5. Belt Shifter removes the belt from the wheel.
6. Dress Guard protects the dress from the wheel.
7. Treadle is where the feet are stationed to drive the band
wheel through the pitman rod.
8. Legs support the cabinet of the machine.
9. Cabinet holds the head of the machine by interlocking
screw on the hinges.
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Sewing Machine Needles and Threads
Needles
Sewing machine needles are graded according to diameter and

length. In the system of sewing machine needle sizes, the needles for the
96-87 machine are of a class and variety known as 16 x 231 and are
furnished in sizes 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, and 23. For example, a
needle for this machine would be specified as nos. 18, 16, x 231. Needles
for the 31 -15 machines are of a class and variety known as 16 x 87.
These needles are furnished in sizes 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, and 23.
The size of a needle is shown by a number stamped on its shank.
The low numbers indicate needles of small diameters, while the higher
numbers indicate larger sizes.
In machine stitching, the thread must pass freely through the eye
of the needle. If the needle is too small, the thread will pull through the
eye with difficulty and interfere with successful operation of the machine.
On the other hand, if the needle is too coarse it will leave holes in the
material. Therefore, the needle size depends upon the size of thread to be
used.
Parts and Functions of a Sewing Machine Needle
1. Butt - absorbs the pressure of the

needle bar
2. Shank-provides stability to the
needle blades and to its part when
inserted
3. Shoulder-supports the blade and
shank
4. Blade-the thinnest part of the sewing
machine needle that always
counters the friction while sewing
5. Long Groove-the point where the
shuttle hooks and the needle meet
6. Eye-it is where the thread is
inserted.
7. Short Groove-the part of the needle
blade
8. Point/Tip-it cuts the fiber of the
materials
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Threads
Sewing machine thread is furnished in cotton, linen, silk, or silk

substitute. It is available in many colors and shades. The sizes in cotton
range from number 8 a coarse thread, to number 100, a fine thread.
Numbers 40, 50 and 60 are the sizes most commonly used in sewing
clothing parts. The sizes in silk range from 0, a fine thread, through A, B,
C, D, and E a heavy thread.
The thread should be selected to suit the materials to be sewn. The
color, size and kind of thread are very important to the finished
appearance of the garment. A thread which is shaded darker than the
material is usually preferred as it blends well.
Machine thread for use in the garment shop is usually furnished
on cones. The taper of the cone allows the thread to unwind freely as it is
drawn through the machine. For general sewing, a soft finished cotton
thread is more desirable than a glazed thread for it will slip down the
cone and tangle. Mercerized cotton frays badly when used on the sewing
machine.
SIZES OF NEEDLES AND THREAD FOR MACHINE SEWING
SIZES AND KINDS SIZES OF

FABRIC TYPE OF WORK
OF THREADS NEEDLES
Lightweight Woolens, General Sewing 60 -80 Cotton
Cotton Silks and Seaming A & B Silk 14
Shirtings Setting Welts and
Edge Stitching OO Silk
Woolens, Wool General Sewing

Rayons Medium Sewing Pockets 40-60 Cotton
Weight Cotton and and Linings, 16 & 17
Shirting Heavy Silk Taping Edge
Sewing Pants C Silk
Heavy Cotton Goods General Heavy

Twills, Denims, Sewing
Overcoating Work Clothing 30 -40 Cotton 18 & 19
Sewing Overcoats D & E Silk
Heavy Duck, Suning Sewing Laundry

Materials Bags, Cot Covers 16 -20 Cotton 21
Extra Heavy Duck Extra Heavy 8 -16 Cotton 21 & 23

Sewing
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Setting of Sewing Machines
Perfect machine stitching is easy to achieve if you set the machine

properly. This involves threading the upper and lower parts of the sewing
machine. The beginner in garment making must learn how to thread the
head of the sewing machine as one of the first steps in becoming a
competent operator. It is just as important to master the operation of
threading a needle for hand sewing. Now, are you ready to become a
competent operator?
Threading the Machine
Each part of the threading mechanism on the head of a sewing

machine has a definite purpose in guiding the thread from the spool to
the needle. The thread must pass through the various guides in a given
order so that the machine will sew properly the formed stitches.
A. Order of threading in the upper part:
1. Spool Pin
2. Upper thread guide
3. Between metal disc of tension
4. Thread take up lever
5. Lower thread guide
6. Needle
Steps:
1. Put the spool of thread on the spool pin.
2. Bring the thread to the thread guide.
3. Pull the thread between the metal disc of the tension.
4. Bring the thread up to the thread take up lever and raise it as it
goes.
5. Pull the thread down to the thread guide.
6. Pull it through the lower thread guide.
7. Thread the needle.
B. Threading the lower part of lockstitch sewing machine
Steps:
1. Remove the bobbin case by pulling on the bobbin case latch.
2. Remove the bobbin from the case and wind the thread.
3. Put the bobbin back to the bobbin case and pull the thread
through the little slot at least 4 inches.
4. Be sure that you hear the case inside the shuttle.
5. Start the mechanism by rolling the balance wheel forward to get
the thread of the bobbin through the needle.
6. Pull the upper and lower thread together by 4 inches.
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Removing the Bobbin and Bobbin Case
It is often necessary to remove a bobbin to either refill or replace it.

Here are the steps in removing the bobbin and bobbin case:
1. Turn the balance wheel toward you

with the right hand until the needle
has moved to its highest point.
2. Open the slide in the bed of the

machine part way until the bobbin
case is visible.
3. Reach under the bed of the machine

and open the bobbin case latch with
the thumb and forefinger of the left
hand.
Caution: Keep feet off the treadle.
Note: The latch on the bobbin case for
the machine opens to the left at A to
the right on the bobbin case for the
machine.
4. Remove the bobbin case from the

center stud with the latch held in the
open position.
Note: The bobbin will be held in the
bobbin case while the latch is open.
5. Remove the bobbin from the case by

releasing the latch and turning the
open end of the case downward to
allow the bobbin to drop out.
6. Place the bobbin case in machine

drawer until you are ready to thread
it.
Note: Each bobbin case is adjusted to the machine on which it is
used. Avoid using bobbin cases from other machines.
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How to Wind the Bobbin
Make sure that the bobbin fit the bobbin case of the machine you are
using.
1. Loosen the stop motion screw by

turning it toward you. This stops the
needle from moving.
2. Put the spool of thread on the spool

pin. Let it pass through the first
thread guide and the bobbin winder
thread guide.
3. Wind the end of the thread a little

around the bobbin toward you, lift the
bobbin winder latch and press the
bobbin through its spindle.
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4. Release the latch and press the
bobbin winder against the balance
wheel.
5. Run the machine until the bobbin is

full. In some models, the bobbin
winder automatically stops when
the bobbin is sufficiently wound.
6. Lift the latch. Remove the bobbin

and release the latch. Cut off the
thread from the spool. Allow 10 cm.
(4 in.) of dangling thread.
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PARTS OF A HI-SPEED LOCKSTITCH SEWING MACHINE
Thread holder
Thread holder
Stitch regulator
Presser bar lifter
*
On and off switch
Motor Knee lifter
Pedal
Bobbin winder is not available on the brand used for the figure. Asterisk indicates where it is
supposed to be located.
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THREADING THE UPPER AND LOWER PART
Hi-Speed Lockstitch Sewing Machine
LET US REMEMBER
The success of machine operation depends

on the ability to identify the types, parts, and
functions of the sewing machine and the skills in
setting sewing machine.
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HOW MUCH HAVE YOU LEARNED?
I. Match the types of the sewing machines in Column A with the

descriptions in Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer in your
quiz notebook.
Column A Column B
_____1. This is used in making fancy a. hi-speed lockstitch sewing
stitches and in making machine
different kinds of embroidery b. lockstitch sewing machine
stitches. c. Button holer machine
_____2. This is used for making d. Hemming machine
button holes on garment. e. Over edging machine
_____3. This is sometimes called f. Embroidery machine
“straight stitching machine”.
_____4. This is usually used at home and
sometimes in school.
_____5. This finishes the raw edges of the
pattern construction.
II. Identify the parts of the lockstitch sewing machine. Write your
answers in your quiz notebook.
A. Treadle Lockstitch Sewing Machine
17
B. Hi-Speed Lockstitch Sewing Machine
3
4
5
1 7
III. Arrange the steps in threading the upper and lower parts of the
sewing machine. Write number 1 for the first step, 2 for the second
step, and so on. Write your answer in your quiz notebook.
A. Steps in threading the upper part
______ Thread the needle.

______ Pull it through the lower thread guide.
______ Pull the thread down to the thread guide.
______ Put the spool of thread on the spool pin.
______ Bring thread to the thread guide.
______ Pull the thread between the metal disc of the tension.
______ Bring the thread up to the lower thread take up lever and raise it
as it goes.
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B. Steps in threading the lower part
______ Remove the bobbin case by pulling on the bobbin case latch.
______ Pull the upper and lower thread together by four inches.
______ Remove the bobbin from the case and wind the thread.
______ Start the mechanism by rolling the balance wheel forward to get
the thread of the bobbin through the needle.
______ Be sure that you hear the case being locked upon inserting the
bobbin case inside the shuttle.
______ Put the bobbin back to the bobbin case and pull the thread
through the little slot at least four inches.
LET US APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED
Task 1
Pair Work
2. Practice the following:
a. Threading the upper parts of the sewing machine
b. Threading the lower parts of the sewing machine
c. Removing the bobbin and bobbin case
d. Winding the bobbin
SCORING RUBRICS
Very Fairly Needs

Excellent Satisfactory
Criteria Satisfactory Satisfactory Improvement Score
(5) (3)
(4) (2) (1)
Knowledge Steps were Some of the Few of the Most of the Did not follow
followed steps were steps were steps were any of the
from step 1 omitted not followed not followed steps
to the last
Speed Finished Finished on Finished but Finished but Did not finish
ahead of time late by three late by more
time minutes than 3
minutes
Assistance Did not Needed Needed Needed Needed
required need assistance assistance assistance assistance
assistance once twice four to five every time
times
Task 2
Individual Tasks
1. Cut out pictures of different types of the sewing machine. Identify

and label each type. Then submit it to your teacher.
2. Draw pictures of a lockstitch sewing machine and identify its parts.
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RESOURCES:
Equipment
Lockstitch Sewing Machine
Hi-speed Sewing Machine
Edging Machine
Tools
Scissors
Supplies
Thread
Accessories
Presser foot
Machine Needle
Learning Materials
Writing Pad
Learning Modules
Manuals
Textbook
REFERENCES:
Complete Guide to Sewing. Reader‟s Digest. U.S.A. The Reader‟s Digest

Association, Inc., 1976.
De Cosse, Cy. et al. Singer (Sewing Update). U.S.A. Contemporary Book

Inc., 1988.
De Guzman, Ines A. Technology and Home Economics (First Year).

Manila. Saint Bernadette Publications, Inc.,1993.
Hilario, Carmelita B. Clothing Technology (Made Easy). Valenzuela City.

24k Printing Co., Inc., 2001.
http//www. Ballentynes Fashion Central@yahoo.com
http//www. Jando.fabrics.com
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LESSON 2
CONDUCTING SAMPLE RUN
The lesson deals with the materials used for sample run and the
sewing machine operations.
1. obtain appropriate materials used for sample run in operating a

sewing machine ;
2. find pleasure in obtaining materials and in operating a sewing
machine ; and
3. operate sewing machine properly.
LET US STUDY
Words to study
 Colorfast – does not fade easily

 Feel – to experience the good or bad results of something.
In this lesson it refers to the familiarity of fabrics
and sewing machine
 Ravel – loose threads of the raw edge or cut edge of fabric.
 Shrinkage – the reduction in length or width of a fiber
yarn or fabric
 Treadle – part of the sewing machine where the feet are
stationed to drive the band wheel through the
pitman rod
 Treadle Machine –usually used in homes and sometimes
in school. It is run by foot and may also be
converted to electric machine
 Wrinkle resistance – resiliency
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Materials Used for Sample Run
The basis of any fashion is the materials of which it is made. Fabric

is the seamstress‟ raw material – her point and canvass.
The fabric should be easy to handle, so that the learning process is
not hampered by the fabric itself. It should be appropriate to the task to
be conducted. The texture, design, and weight should be selected.
Factors to Consider in Fabric Selection
1. Texture – refers to the appearance of fabric whether a fabric is

shiny or dull, smooth or rough.
2. Quality of fabric – refers to the desired characteristics such as color
fastness, shrinkage, wrinkle resistance, and wash-and-wear
properties.
3. Label – refers to the information of fabric such as a) fiber content
and percentages, b) name or identification number of
manufacturer, c) permanent – care label, d) then brand name of the
product.
Fabrics Suitable for Beginners
Firmly woven cotton is a good fabric choice since it is easy to

handle. Percale, broadcloth, and chambray are fabrics which are easy to
cut and sew. Indian Head and denim are also fairly easy to handle, but
they may ravel and require a seam finish.
Fabrics Requiring Special Handling
The following fabrics require special handling:
1. Wash-and-Wear and Permanent Press Fabrics.

These fabrics are satisfactory for simple
patterns.
2. Synthetic Suedes and Leathers. These fabrics

are non-woven of synthetic materials. They look
and feel like leather but handle like fabric.
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3. Non Woven Fabrics. These fabrics are limited

largely to shaping, reinforcing, and padding.
4. Napped and Patterned Fabrics. These fabrics

refer to pile fabrics, such as velvet; to fabric with
fuzzy surfaces, such as fleece; and to textured
fabrics, such as brocade, satin and knits. These
fabrics appear different in the up-and-down
directions, depending on the reflection of light.
Sewing Machine Operation
Now that you are able to obtain materials appropriate for the
setting of the sewing machine, let us proceed to machine operation.
Points to Remember when Operating the Sewing Machine
When sewing by hand or on the machine there are certain

practices that we should remember. Many accidents may happen unless
safe habits of sewing are practiced. Tools and equipment used in this
activity are pointed and sharp. If you are careful, pain and discomfort
can be avoided. Replacing broken equipment will make them last longer.
Your good health too can be maintained if you practice good work habits.
1. Always work with the light coming from the left. In this way you
can see your work well. Your eyes do not suffer from the glare of a
light that shines directly if it comes from the left.
2. Wash your hands before working. This will keep your work clean.
Unwashed hands will soil your work. If your hands perspire, have a
hand towel nearby. Wipe your hands on the towel every time that
you feel they are moist. Let some time pass before washing your
hands after doing some sewing. The hands should not be washed
when they are tired.
3. Use the scissors for cutting thread. They cut well than your teeth.
It is not sanitary to put anything but food and drink in the mouth.
Cutting thread with your teeth is unsanitary. Always have a pair of
scissors nearby to cut thread either from the spool or ball or from
the work. Breaking the thread by the hands is not advisable either.
Sometimes thread has a very tight twist. It is difficult to break the
thread with a tight twist.
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4. Be careful when handling scissors or shears. Keep the point away
from you. Always place them in your box after using. Do not leave
them around. Children may get hold of them and get hurt.
Using the Sewing Machine
1. Sit correctly while using the sewing machine. Put the chair directly
in front of the machine. Sit well back on the chair. Put both of your
feet on the treadle. Treadle with both feet. Do not use just one foot
for treadling. You will have better balance and better control using
both feet on the treadle. Place one foot in front and one to the back.
2. Your left hand guides the material as it is being stitched. Keep your
hand at safe distance from the needle. Do not run the machine too
fast. Learn to guide your material as you learn how to run the
machine.
3. Your right hand starts the balance wheel. Use the open palm of the
right hand to start and stop the machine. Do not use your fingers.
They may get caught in the wheel.
4. Before cutting the thread leave about 6 centimeters of it from the
needle. In this way the thread does not get out of the needle when
you next start stitching.
5. To fasten machine stitching use either of the two methods:
a. Retrace the stitching both at the beginning and at the end.
This is sometimes called backstitching. Start or stop the
machine with the needle in the material. Raise the presser
foot, turn the material around, lower the presser foot and
stitch about 1 cm. in the reverse direction in the line of
stitching. Retrace the 1 cm. of stitching and continue. Some
machines are made with stitch backwards. Then in this case,
the material need not be turned around.
b. Tie the ends of the threads. The stitching is started and
stopped at the points desired. The ends of the thread are left
long enough for tying. Pull the threads to the wrong side. Tie
the threads close to the material. Then cut the threads with
scissors.
Steps in Operating the Treadle Machine
Working with the sewing machine harmoniously requires extra

effort from you. Familiarity with its parts and functions are important to
operate the sewing machine properly. Here are the steps in operating the
treadle machine:
1. Place the foot forward on the treadle and the other foot slightly
back.
2. Using the right hand, turn the balance wheel.
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3. As the treadle moves, apply pressure gradually first with the foot
that is forward, then with the foot that is slightly back. Gradually
withdraw the hand from the balance wheel.
4. To stop the machine, place one hand on the balance wheel and
stop the motion of the feet.
5. Turn the balance wheel until the needle is at its highest position.
Note: Practice until the balance wheel continues in the same direction
and the treadle can be operated with an even, regular rhythm.
Steps in Operating the Electric Machine
Electric machine is easier to operate than the treadle machine

especially when you learn how to control the treadle. Here are the steps
in operating the electric machine:
1. Turn on the switch button.

2. Start the machine by turning the balance wheel with the right
hand, then press the control with the foot.
3. Stop the machine by controlling the treadle.
How to Control the Electric Machine
In learning to operate the electric machine, the beginner should

know the names, locations, and purposes of those parts which control
the machine. Like the driver of an automobile who must be able to start,
stop, and steer the car, the sewing machine operator must be able to
coordinate eye, hand, and foot movements in controlling the machine.
Confidence in one‟s ability to operate any mechanical device or
machine is gained through practice. The learner should become
accustomed to the “feel” of the machine before attempting to do actual
sewing. Practicing on a piece of cloth in an unthreaded machine is
recommended as a beginning exercise.
It is very important for the beginner to know that during practice
and at all other times when a sewing machine is run without sewing, the
needle should be unthreaded and the presser foot should not come
directly in contact with the feeder.
As soon as the “feel” of the machine is acquired, the learner will be
ready to try it at threading and plain stitching.
These are exercises to be performed without thread in the machine.
They are intended to introduce the electric machine to the beginner and
provide to work the controls.
25
Procedure
1. Sit in an erect position, well back on the seat of the chair, and
close to the machine. The chair should be placed so that the center
of the body will be in line with the needle.
2. Start the motor by turning the switch to the “on” position.
3. Raise the presser foot with the presser bar lifter.
4. Turn the balance wheel toward you until the needle is raised above
the presser foot.
5. Place the material under the presser foot.
6. Lower the presser foot by pressing against the knee press.
Note: Pressure on the knee press will release the presser bar when
locked in the raised position.
7. Place the right foot on the treadle with the weight of the foot resting
on the heel.
8. Place the hands on material at each side of the presser foot.
9. Start the machine by pressing down on the treadle with the ball of
the foot.
10.Guide the material with the finger tips as the work feeds through
the machine.
Caution: Keep both hands at a safe distance to the right and left of the
needle.
11.Stop the machine when the needle is about one inch from the end
of the material.
Caution: Avoid running the machine with the presser foot
directly against the feeder. This causes excessive wear on
those parts.
12. Move the balance wheel by hand so that the needle is down
through the material; then, raise the presser foot with the knee
press and swing the material on the needle end for end.
13.Continue running the material through the machine from end to
end until a fair degree of control is acquired.
LET US REMEMBER
Confidence in one‟s ability to operate any

mechanical device or machine is gained through
practice. It is important to become accustomed to the
“feel” of the fabric and of the sewing machine.
26
1. What are the fabrics appropriate for beginners?

2. What are the factors to consider in selecting fabrics?
3. Why is choosing the right kind of fabric important in sewing
machine operation?
4. Why is the coordination of hand and foot necessary in operating
the sewing machine?
5. How is a treadle machine operated? An electric machine?
6. How is a electric machine controlled?
Tasks
1. Visit 2 or more dress shops near your place. Ask for swatches of
fabrics appropriate for beginners like you. Examine, analyze and
classify the textures and quality of different fabrics. Make a
table of comparison and submit it to your teacher.
Put a check (√) after each item Yes No

1. Did I visit 2 or more dress shops in the place?
2. Did I list down the different kinds of fabrics they are
using?
3. Did I classify the different fabrics?
4. Was I able to get swatches of different fabrics for
samples?
5. Did I make the necessary examination on the fabrics,
write it down, and submit my report to my teacher?
2. Gather tips on the proper choice of fabrics appropriate for a

beginner. Use latest magazines, brochures as your reference.
Report it to the class.
3. Practice the following:
a. Operating the treadle machine
b. Operating the electric machine
c. Controlling the sewing machines
27
SCORING RUBRICS
Very Fairly Needs

Excellent Satisfactory
Criteria Satisfactory Satisfactory Improvement Score
(5) (3)
(4) (2) (1)
Knowledge Steps Some of the Few of the Most of the Did not follow
were steps were steps were steps were the procedure
strictly not done not followed not followed
followed
Speed Finished Finished on Finished but Finished but Did not finish
ahead of time late by three late by more
time minutes than 3
minutes
Assistance Completed Needed Needed Needed Needed

required the work assistance assistance assistance assistance
with once twice four to five most of the
assistance times time
RESOURCES:
Equipment
Sewing Machine
Tools
Shears / Scissors
Supplies
Thread
Pieces of scrap fabrics
Learning Materials
Manual and Textbook
REFERENCES:
Badajos, Marilou D. et al. Technology and Livelihood Education III.

Makati City. CSC Publishing Inc., 2005.
Del Rosario, Marissa and Constancia Del Rosario. Clothing and Textiles
III & IV. Manila. Philippine Book Company. 1986.
Erwin, Mabel D. Clothing for Moderns. Sixth Edition. Quezon City. JMC
Press Inc., 1979.
28
Hilario, Carmelita B. Clothing Technology (Made Easy). Valenzuela City.
24k Printing Co., Inc., 2001.
29
LESSON 3
TESTING SEWING MACHINE OUTPUT AND

RE-ADJUSTING MACHINE SETTING
The lesson deals the testing of the sewing machine and making
adjustments on the sewing machine.
1. test sewing machine output(s) ;

2. interpret test results to determine adjustment requirements ;
3. discuss the necessary machine adjustments ;
4. demonstrate how to make adjustments on the sewing machine
properly ; and
5. observe health practices while adjusting the sewing machine.
LET US STUDY
Words to study
 Consistent – uniform
 Interlock – to engage or interlace together
 Lint – soft light pieces of thread or wool that come off
 Long groove – the point where the shuttle hooks and the
needle meets
 Pressure – the force exerted on the fabric as it is moved,
by the action of the feed, under the presser
foot
 Sheer off – to change direction suddenly, especially in
order to avoid something
 Short groove – the part of the needle blade
 Stitch length - refers to how long its individual stitch
 Swatches – small pieces of fabrics.
 Tangles – a twisted mass of thread.
 Tension - refers to the force that is applied by the
machine on your thread.
 Tension spring – small screw in the outside part of the bobbin
case.
30
How to Test Sewing Machine Output
Now you are ready for hands on testing, which requires some prior
practice at home. Let us prepare the following:
Materials Equipment Tools

1 cotton fabric (4”x 4”) Lockstitch Sewing Machine Scissors
1 silk fabric (4”x 4”)
1 denim fabric (4”x 4”)
1 cotton fabric (4”x 5”)
1 silk fabric (4”x 5”)
1 denim fabric (4”x 5”)
You are now ready to do the following steps:
1. Arrange the swatches, from the right side to wrong side, with the
smaller swatch on top and one side aligned.
2. Overlap each set of swatches by ½” and baste together by machine
or with glue stick.
3. Stitch on the swatches by stitching straight lines at various stitch
lengths.
4. Set the stitch length at 15-12, position the swatches, and lower the
presser foot. Turn the balance wheel by hand to see whether the
needle stitches are in the same hole or not on each down stroke of
the needle.
Key Points to Consider in Testing Machine Output
After accomplishing the activity above. Test the output using the
following key points to test the machine output.
1. Consistent stitches remain uniform in length through varying

fabric types, weights, and thickness.
2. With correct tension, the top, and bobbin thread interlock between
the double fabric layers or within the fabric itself on the single
layer.
3. Lightweight single layers of fabric should show minimal loops on
the right and wrong sides.
Standards for Judging Stitching
Interpreting sewing machine output will be an easy task if you

know the characteristics of a good stitch.
31
Characteristics of Good Stitches
1. The length of stitch is proportioned to the texture of the fabric.

2. The stitches are the same in length.
3. The stitches appear the same on both right and wrong sides of the
fabric.
4. The stitching follows the intended line smoothly and accurately.
5. There are no skipped or broken gaps in stitching.
6. When retraced, it appears as one line of stitching.
7. The stitching has no tangles.
How to Make Adjustment on the Machine
There are two tension adjustments on the sewing machine, the

upper and the lower. The upper tension controls the thread from the
needle, while the lower tension controls the thread from the needle, while
the lower tension controls the thread from the bobbin case. These
tensions must be adjusted to suit various fabrics. If the tensions on both
threads are properly adjusted, the threads will lock at the center of the
material and form a correct stitch.
The size of stitches varies with the type of work being sewed. Thin
materials require a short stitch, a light thread, a fine needle, and a tight
tension. Heavier materials require a longer stitch, a coarser thread, a
larger needle, and less tension.
Sewing machine needles become dull through hard usage and also
through ordinary wear; sometimes, they become bent by improper use.
The condition of the needle should be checked when sewing difficulties
occur. A defective needle should be replaced by a new needle of proper
size. A dull needle will show a flat shiny spot at the very tip when rotated
between the fingers. The straightness of a needle can be tested by rolling
the larger end on a flat surface; bent needles will wobble and straight
needles will roll true.
A. How to Adjust Tension on the Needle Thread
The stitch tension control determines the amount of tension on the

thread as they pass through the machine.
1. Correcting a Loose Top Stitch

When the needle thread tension is too tight, the thread will lie
straight along the upper surface as shown in figure 1.
Figure 1
Figure 2
32
 Lower the presser foot.
 Turn the small thumb nut at the front of the tension discs to
the left (counter clockwise) to decrease the tension.
Figure 2.
2. Correcting a Loose Bottom Stitch

When the needle tension is too loose, the thread will lie along the
under side of the material as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3
 Lower the presser foot.

 Check to make sure that the thread is between the tension
discs.
 Turn the small thumb nut, at the front of the tension disc to
the right (clockwise) to increase the tension.
 Check the stitch on pieces of scrap material.
B. How to Adjust Tension on Bobbin Thread
1. Checking Bobbin Case
 Remove the bobbin from the bobbin

case.
 Clean the inside of the bobbin case.
Remove all particles of lint and dust
with a small point stick as shown in
Figure 4.
Note: If the tension spring is bent away
from the bobbin case, or if the
ends of the spring near the
delivery eye are damaged, they
should be replaced. Consult your
teacher if defective parts are Figure 4
discovered.
2. Adjusting Tension Spring on Bobbin Case
The tension on the bobbin thread is controlled by adjusting

the tension spring on the outside of the bobbin case. It is seldom
necessary to change this adjustment once the tension has been
properly set. The operator will usually be able to correct the stitch
by varying the tension on the needle thread.
a. Correcting a Loose Bobbin Thread
33
If the tension on the bobbin thread is too loose, the
needle thread will lie straight along the upper surface of
the material.
 Tighten the tension
Turn the regulating screw in the tension spring to
the right.
 Test the tension
Thread the bobbin case. Hold the end of the thread
and allow the case to hang freely.
 Check stitch on pieces of scrap material
b. Correcting a Tight Bobbin Thread

If the tension on the bobbin thread is
too tight, the bobbin thread will lie
straight along the under side of the
material.
 Loosen the tension
Turn the regulating screw in the
tension spring (Figure 5) slightly to
the left.
 Thread the bobbin case and test
the tension.
 Check stitch on pieces of scrap Figure 5
material.
How to Regulate the Length of the Stitch
The length of the stitch is regulated by the stitch regulator on

the front side of the head.
 Move the stitch regulator downward to lengthen stitch.
 Move the stitch regulator upward to shorten stitch.
 Check the length of stitch on pieces of scrap material.
Note: For normal stitching, set the regulator at 10 to 12

stitches per inch, or at the number 3 for metric scale
machines.
How to Regulate the Pressure on the Material
The pressure on the material is regulated

by the adjusting screw on the top of the
machine Figure 6.
 Turn the adjusting screw to the right to
increase the pressure.
 Turn the adjusting screw to the left to
decrease the pressure.
 Check the pressure by stitching on
pieces of scrap material of the same
weight as the work.
Figure 6
34
Note: A pressure that is too heavy will cause the machine to run
hard and will leave the print of the feed on fine materials.
How to Replace a Needle
Machine needles have a long groove

along one side and a short groove on the other
side (Figure 7). The thread slides in the long
groove as the needle passes through the
material. When a needle is replaced, the long
groove must be on the left side to carry the
thread. If the long groove is not on the left, the
thread will break or sheer off as it passes
through the material.
Figure 7
 Turn the balance wheel toward you until the needle bar
moves up to its highest point.
 Loosen the screw in the lower end of the needle bar.
 Remove the needle.
Note: If the needle is broken, be sure to remove all broken

pieces.
 Push the new needle up into the
needle bar as far as it will go, with the
long groove of the needle toward the
left and the eye of the needle directly
in line with the arm of the machine.
 Tighten the screw in the

clamp.(Figure 8)
Figure 8
Caution: Keep the left hand away from the lower end of the
needle bar when tightening the clamping screw, as
the screw driver might slip and injure the hand.
 Check stitching on a piece of scrap material.
Note: If skips occur in the stitches, the needle has not been
pushed up far enough into the needle bar.
35
LET US REMEMBER
A perfect stitch is a result of properly tested

machine output and re-adjusted sewing machine.
I. Answer the following questions briefly.
1. What are the key points to consider in testing sewing

machine output?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2. Does the type of fabric affect the sewing machine output?

Why?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
3. How are you going to test sewing machine output?

____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
II. Write check (√) if the statement is a good characteristic of

stitches and cross (х) if it is not. Write your answer in your quiz
notebook.
______1. The stitches have no tangles.

______2. The stitching follows the intended line smoothly and
accurately.
______3. The length of stitch is not proportioned.
______4. There are skipped or broken gaps in stitching.
______5. The stitches appear on both right and wrong sides of
the fabric.
36
III. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
1. Too little tension produces too much thread and a weak,

loose __________.
2. When the needle tension is too loose, the thread will lie along
the under side of the __________.
3. The tension on the bobbin thread is controlled by adjusting
the tension spring on the __________ of the bobbin case.
4. The length of the stitch is regulated by the __________ screw
in the slot on the front side of the head.
5. The pressure on the material is regulated by the adjusting
screw on the __________ of the machine.
Tasks
Individual
1. Prepare swatches of silk, denim and cotton. Stitch on the swatches

by stitching straight lines at various stitch length. Test the output
and record your observation on the table.
Length of Consistency Tension of
Types of Fabric
Stitches of Stitches Stitches
Silk
Denim
Cotton
2. Below are the samples of stitches. Judge the following stitches by

writing your observations below.
A B C
STITCHES A
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
37
STITCHES B
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
STITCHES C
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
3. Set the upper tension dial to 3, 5, and 8. Make two rows of stitches
on a scrap of fabric for each adjustment. Observe and record the
changes using the table below.
Dial Number Observation

3
5
8
4. Set the stitch length to 30-20, 15-12, and 10-8. Make two rows of
stitches on a scrap of fabric for each adjustment. Observe and
record the changes using the table below.
Stitch Observation
Length
30-20
15-12
10-8
RESOURCES:
Equipment
Sewing machine
Tools
Scissors
Flat screw
Supplies
Swatches of fabric
Thread
Learning Materials
Learning Module
Writing Pad
Textbook & Manual
38
REFERENCES:
De Cosse, Cy. et al. Singer (Sewing Update). U. S. A., Cy De Cosse Inc.

1988.
Erwin, Mabel D. Clothing for Moderns. Sixth Edition. JMC Press, Inc.,
1979.
Garment Making. Basic Operations.
Pre – Employment Skills Training. TESDA Women‟s Center. Taguig, Metro

Manila.
39
LESSON 4
MAINTAINING RECORDS OF SEWING MACHINE

IN GOOD CONDITION
The lesson deals with the importance of recording, record and

report on the set up sewing machines.
1. discuss the importance of recording ; and

2. prepare records and reports on the set sewing machine.
LET US STUDY
Words to study
 Fault – something is wrong with the machine,

system, design etc, which prevents it from working
properly.
 Stitch length – the length of each individual
stitch
 Tension – the force that is applied by the
machine on your thread.
 Trend – a general tendency in the way a situation
is changing or developing.
 Vital – extremely important and necessary for
something to succeed or exist.
40
Quality is of prime importance in any aspect of business. Customers
demand and expect value for money. As producers of apparel there must
be a constant endeavor to produce work of good quality. This quality is
usually checked by the systems of recording whether in machines,
material and operators. As a future producer of clothes you should know
the importance of recording.
The following are importance of recording:
1. It provides solutions to a problem.

2. It gives information for tracing the trend to the source.
3. It gives information on consistently unsatisfactory machines.
4. It provides vital information for without it, it‟s impossible to know
the situation at any given time and so make sound decisions.
Record Matrix Form
A record matrix form is a form to be completed after setting the

machine. It may involve adjustments on the stitch length, tension and
attachments included in the accomplishment of the project/activity to be
done.
Contents of the Record Matrix
1. Date – the day when the sewing machine is set.

2. Project Title – correct name / agreed name of the project.
3. Machine Number – the assigned number of the sewing machine.
4. Adjustments and Attachments – includes the tension, stitch
length, thread use and number of the needle.
5. Remarks – the conditions of the sewing machine after setting.
6. Student – name of student who used and set the sewing machine.
Example of Record Matrix
Record Matrix for Set up Machines
Machine No. 1
ADJUSTMENTS AND ATTACHMENTS
Project
Date Upper Stitch Thread No. of Remarks Students
Title
Tension Setting Use Needle
July
Straight Polyeste Joanne
14, 5 10-8 14 Good
Stitching r Thread Zartiga
2008
Problems / faults encountered during machine operation are

recorded on a separate form called Fault Analysis Card. Let us discuss
what Fault Analysis Card is.
41
Fault Analysis Card
It is a description of all faults in a project / activity, which you are

expected to recognize and take action upon whether to report, correct or
return.
Two Categories of Fault
1. General Fault – those resulting from machine or operative defects,

such as:
a. Incorrect threading
b. Slipped stitches
c. Bad tension
d. Seam breaking away
2. Job Fault – those which occur specifically in the operation being

studied, for example:
a. step joins
b. pleats
c. wrong measurements
d. wrong patterns
Fault Analysis Card should have the following:
1. Fault – correct name/agreed name.

2. Appearance – clear description or an example attached.
3. Cause – the entire main cause. For example: incorrect machine
setting.
4. Effect – result of the fault.
5. Action – the action to be carried out on the discovery of the fault.
For example: replace. re-sew, reject, ripped and report to teacher.
6. Prevention – any action which can or should be taken to avoid a
recurrence of the fault and it should be recorded. For example:
check tensions and stitches on every operation.
An example is presented below.
FAULT ANALYSIS CARD
Name: Mina de Leon Date: July14, 2008

Machine No.: 1
Fault Appearance Cause Effect Action Prevention

Uneven Size of the Weak part Use the Check the
Stitches needle did in stitches needle size of the
not match that would having the needle and
the break way size that the
thickness under matches thickness
of a fabric. pressure the fabric. of the
fabric.
42
LET US REMEMBER
An effective record and report must be concise

and well laid out.
I. Answer the following questions briefly.
1. Why is recording important?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. What are the contents of a record matrix form for a set up

machine?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. What is Fault Analysis Card?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. What are the contents of a fault analysis card?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
6. How does record matrix and fault analysis help in the operation of
sewing machine?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
43
Tasks
Individual
1. Interview a sewer. Ask her the importance of recording and

reporting of her work. Discuss the result in the class.
2. Set the upper tension dial to number 8 and make two rows of
straight stitches on a scrap of silk fabric. Prepare a record matrix
for set up machine and fault analysis card using the result of the
fabric.
a. Record Matrix for Set up Machines
Machine No. ____
ADJUSTMENTS AND ATTACHMENTS

Project
Date Upper Stitch Thread No. of Remarks Students
Title
Tension Setting Use Needle
b. Fault Analysis Card
Name: Date:
Machine No.:
Fault Appearance Cause Effect Action Prevention
44
RESOURCES:
Equipment
Sewing machine
Tools
Scissors/shears
Supplies
Needle
Threads
Swatches of fabric
Learning Materials
Writing Materials
Textbook & Manual
Learning Module
Record Matrix (Sample Form)
Fault Analysis Card (Sample Form)
REFERENCES:
http://www.piercetransit.org/purchasing.htm
http://www.info@ellisdev.co.uk
45
Post Test
Let us determine how much you have learned about setting and
operating sewing machines. Read and answer the following items below.
Write the letter of the correct answer in your quiz notebook.
______1. When sewing, place one foot ______ on the treadle and the other
foot slightly back.
a. forward b. downward
c. sideward d. none of these
______2. What part of the sewing machine controls the looseness and
tightness of stitches ?
a. bobbin b. presser foot
c. thread guide d. upper tension
______3. What part of the sewing machine that checks the length of
stitches ?
______4. Which of the following makes sewing easier and faster ?
a. electric iron b. iron board
c. sewing machine d. working table
______5. Which part of the sewing machine controls the bobbin while
winding thread ?
a. bobbin winder b. needle bar
c. needle clamp d. spool pin
______6. What size of sewing machine needle is used for general sewing?
a. 10 b. 12
c. 14 d. 16
______7. Which of the machines run by foot and it may also be converted
to electric power machine is______________?
a. hemmer machine b. high speed over edger
c. lockstitch machine d. over edging machine
______8. This machine has an oiler tank where the oil is restored under
its bed.
a. embroidery machine b. hemmer machine
c. hi-speed lockstitch machine d. over edging machine
______9. These fabrics appear different in the up-and-down directions
depending on the reflection of light.
a. napped b. non-woven
c. synthetic d. wash-and-wear
______10. The type of machine used in making fancy stitches and in
making different kinds of embroidery stitches on fabrics is:
a. button holer machine b. double needle machine
c. embroidery machine d. lockstitch sewing machine
______11. It is the flat portion of the machine.
a. arm b. bed
c. cabinet d. head
______12. The mechanism of the sewing machine that sets it in motion is
called ____________.
46
______13. The first step in threading the upper part of the sewing
machine is to ____________.
a. bring the thread to thread guide
b. pull it through the lower thread guide
c. put the spool of thread on the spool pin
d. thread the needle
______14. The first step in threading the lower part of the sewing
machine is to ___________.
a. be sure that you hear the case being locked upon inserting
the bobbin case inside the shuttle
b. pull the upper and lower thread together by 4 inches
c. put the bobbin back to the bobbin case and pull the thread
through the little slot at least 4 inches
d. remove the bobbin case pulling on the bobbin case latch.
______15. The best fabric suitable for beginners is ____________.
a. brocade b. cotton
c. satin d. velvet
______16. How does one stop the electric sewing machine?
a. by asking for assistance
b. by removing the foot from the motor controller
c. place one hand on the balance wheel
d. by pushing the sewing machine
______17. The pressure must be regulated according to the _______ to be
stitched.
a. fabric b. material
c. paper d. plastic
______18. A good characteristic of machine stitches is ____________.
a. There are skipped or broken gaps in stitching
b. The length of stitch is proportioned to the texture of the
fabric
c. The stitching has tangles
d. None of the above
______19. The upper tension controls the thread from the _____________.
a. bobbin b. needle
c. thread guide d. spool pin
______20. The lower tension controls the thread from the ______________.
a. bobbin b. bobbin case
c. feed dog d. shuttle
47
Key to Correction
Pretest Lesson 1 Lesson 3 Post Test
1. C I. II.A. III. II. 1. A

2. C 1. F 1. Spool pin A. 1. √ 2. D
3. C 2. C 2. Presser foot 4 2. √ 3. D
4. C 3. A 3. Thread guide 5 3. х 4. C
5. A 4. B 4. Upper tension 6 4. х 5. A
6. B 5. E 5. Stitch regulator 1 5. √ 6. C
7. A 6. Thread take-up lever 3 7. C
8. D 7. Needle clamp 2 III. 8. C
9. D 8. Presser bar lifter 1. stitch 9. A
10. A 9. Feed dog B. 2. material 10. C
11. A 10. Balance wheel 6 3. outside 11. B
12. C 11. Bobbin winder 5 4. stitch 12. A
13. C 12. Belt 1 regulator 13. C
14. B 13. Drive wheel 2 5. top 14. C
15. A 14. Treadle 3 15. B
16. C 15. Bed 4 16. C
17. B 16. Throat plate 17. A
18. D 17. Dress guard C. 18. B
19. A 1 19. D
20. A B. 6 20. A
1.Motor 2
2.Thread holder 5
3.Stitch regulator 4
4.Presser bar lifter 3
5.Bobbin winder
6.Switch on and off
7.Knee lifter
48

Y1 Module 1 Setting and Operating Sewing Machines

Uploaded by

Y1 Module 1 Setting and Operating Sewing Machines

Uploaded by

Republic of the Philippines

This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required in

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW?

1. The equipment that makes sewing easier and faster is _________.

SETTING SEWING MACHINE

WHAT IS THIS LESSON ABOUT?

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. identify the types of sewing machine;

 Altering –changing portion of a garment so that it fits the

A sewing machine is an equipment which is very important in any

Types of Sewing Machines

Well-selected sewing machine is essential for achieving good

1. Lockstitch Sewing Machine. This is usually

2. Hi-Speed Lockstitch Sewing Machine. This is

3. Over Edging Machine. Other companies call it

4. Embroidery Machine. This is used in making

5. Button Holer Machine. This is used in

6. Button Attachment Machine. This is used in

7. Double Needle Machine. This is used in the

8. Bartacking Machine. This is used in

Two Major Parts of the Lockstitch Sewing Machine

The Upper Parts is composed of:

1. Head is the complete sewing

Parts of the Sewing Machine in the Arm

1. Spool Pin is the thread holder.

1. Feed Dog moves the fabric while

The Lower Parts of the Lock Stitch Sewing Machine

1. Band Wheel leads the balance wheel through the belt

Sewing machine needles are graded according to diameter and

Parts and Functions of a Sewing Machine Needle

1. Butt - absorbs the pressure of the

Sewing machine thread is furnished in cotton, linen, silk, or silk

SIZES OF NEEDLES AND THREAD FOR MACHINE SEWING

SIZES AND KINDS SIZES OF

Woolens, Wool General Sewing

Heavy Cotton Goods General Heavy

Heavy Duck, Suning Sewing Laundry

Extra Heavy Duck Extra Heavy 8 -16 Cotton 21 & 23

Perfect machine stitching is easy to achieve if you set the machine

Threading the Machine

Each part of the threading mechanism on the head of a sewing

A. Order of threading in the upper part:

B. Threading the lower part of lockstitch sewing machine

Removing the Bobbin and Bobbin Case

It is often necessary to remove a bobbin to either refill or replace it.

1. Turn the balance wheel toward you

2. Open the slide in the bed of the

3. Reach under the bed of the machine

4. Remove the bobbin case from the

5. Remove the bobbin from the case by

6. Place the bobbin case in machine

1. Loosen the stop motion screw by

2. Put the spool of thread on the spool

3. Wind the end of the thread a little

5. Run the machine until the bobbin is

6. Lift the latch. Remove the bobbin

On and off switch

Motor Knee lifter

Hi-Speed Lockstitch Sewing Machine

The success of machine operation depends

HOW MUCH HAVE YOU LEARNED?

I. Match the types of the sewing machines in Column A with the

A. Treadle Lockstitch Sewing Machine

A. Steps in threading the upper part

______ Thread the needle.

LET US APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Very Fairly Needs

1. Cut out pictures of different types of the sewing machine. Identify

Complete Guide to Sewing. Reader‟s Digest. U.S.A. The Reader‟s Digest

De Cosse, Cy. et al. Singer (Sewing Update). U.S.A. Contemporary Book

De Guzman, Ines A. Technology and Home Economics (First Year).

Hilario, Carmelita B. Clothing Technology (Made Easy). Valenzuela City.

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