8 HTML Tables

HTML Tables
The HTML tables allow web authors to arrange data like text, images, links, other
tables, etc. into rows and columns of cells.
The HTML tables are created using the <table> tag in which the <tr> tag is used to
create table rows and <td> tag is used to create data cells. The elements under <td>
are regular and left aligned by default
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Tables</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border = "1">
<tr>
<td>Row 1, Column 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Here, the border is an attribute of <table> tag and it is used to put a border across all
the cells. If you do not need a border, then you can use border = "0".
Table Heading
Table heading can be defined using <th> tag. This tag will be put to replace <td> tag,
which is used to represent actual data cell. Normally you will put your top row as table
heading as shown below, otherwise you can use <th> element in any row. Headings,
which are defined in <th> tag are centered and bold by default.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
One Byte Labs | Page 1

<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Table Header</title>
</head>
<body>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ramesh Raman</td>
<td>5000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Shabbir Hussein</td>
<td>7000</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Cellpadding and Cellspacing Attributes

There are two attributes called cellpadding and cellspacing which you will use to adjust
the white space in your table cells. The cellspacing attribute defines space between
table cells, while cellpadding represents the distance between cell borders and the
content within a cell.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Table Cellpadding</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border = "1" cellpadding = "5" cellspacing = "5">
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Salary</th>

</tr>
<tr>
<td>5000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7000</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Colspan and Rowspan Attributes

You will use colspan attribute if you want to merge two or more columns into a single
column. Similar way you will use rowspan if you want to merge two or more rows.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Table Colspan/Rowspan</title>
</head>
<body>
<tr>
<th>Column 1</th>
<th>Column 2</th>
<th>Column 3</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan = "2">Row 1 Cell 1</td>
<td>Row 1 Cell 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan = "3">Row 3 Cell 1</td>
</tr>

</table>
</body>
</html>
Tables Backgrounds
You can set table background using one of the following two ways −
 bgcolor attribute − You can set background color for whole table or just for one
cell.
 background attribute − You can set background image for whole table or just for
one cell.
You can also set border color also using bordercolor attribute.
Note − The bgcolor, background, and bordercolor attributes deprecated in HTML5. Do
not use these attributes.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Table Background</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border = "1" bordercolor = "green" bgcolor = "yellow">
<tr>
<th>Column 1</th>
<th>Column 2</th>
<th>Column 3</th>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
</table>

</body>
</html>
Here is an example of using background attribute. Here we will use an image
available in /images directory.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Table Background</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border = "1" bordercolor = "green" background =
"/images/test.png">
<tr>
<th>Column 1</th>
<th>Column 2</th>
<th>Column 3</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 1 Cell 2</td><td>Row 1 Cell 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Table Height and Width

You can set a table width and height using width and height attributes. You can
specify table width or height in terms of pixels or in terms of percentage of available
screen area.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
<title>HTML Table Width/Height</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border = "1" width = "400" height = "150">
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Table Caption
The caption tag will serve as a title or explanation for the table and it shows up at the
top of the table. This tag is deprecated in newer version of HTML/XHTML.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Table Caption</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border = "1" width = "100%">
<caption>This is the caption</caption>
<tr>
<td>row 1, column 1</td><td>row 1, columnn 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>row 2, column 1</td><td>row 2, columnn 2</td>
</tr>
</table>

</body>
</html>
Table Header, Body, and Footer

Tables can be divided into three portions − a header, a body, and a foot. The head and
foot are rather similar to headers and footers in a word-processed document that
remain the same for every page, while the body is the main content holder of the table.
The three elements for separating the head, body, and foot of a table are −
 <thead> − to create a separate table header.
 <tbody> − to indicate the main body of the table.
 <tfoot> − to create a separate table footer.
A table may contain several <tbody> elements to indicate different pages or groups of
data. But it is notable that <thead> and <tfoot> tags should appear before <tbody>
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Table</title>
</head>
<body>
<thead>
<tr>
<td colspan = "4">This is the head of the table</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td colspan = "4">This is the foot of the table</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Cell 1</td>
<td>Cell 2</td>
<td>Cell 3</td>

<td>Cell 4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Nested Tables
You can use one table inside another table. Not only tables you can use almost all the
tags inside table data tag <td>.
Example
Following is the example of using another table and other tags inside a table cell.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Table</title>
</head>
<body>
<tr>
<td>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7000</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>

</body>
</html>

8 HTML Tables

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8 HTML Tables

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HTML Tables

One Byte Labs | Page 1

Cellpadding and Cellspacing Attributes

One Byte Labs | Page 2

Colspan and Rowspan Attributes

One Byte Labs | Page 3

One Byte Labs | Page 4

Table Height and Width

One Byte Labs | Page 5

One Byte Labs | Page 6

Table Header, Body, and Footer

One Byte Labs | Page 7

One Byte Labs | Page 8

One Byte Labs | Page 9

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