Lecture 12

Introduction to Fabric Manufacturing Lecture 12 Department of Knitting
1. Zones of knitting Machine

Basic three zones of circular knitting machine are considered:
 Feeding zone
 Knitting Zone
 Take Up/Winding Zone
2. Parts of Knitting Machine

Basic parts and their working of circular knitting machine are mentioned below:
Parts Involved in feeding zone are:
Creel: Creel is a part of a knitting machine. Hear yarn package are store and ready to feed in the
machine.
Pipe Guides:
To provide straight path to the yarns from creel to the knitting machine without entanglement.
VDQ Pulley:
It is a very important part of the machine. It controls the quality of the product. Altering the
position of the tension pulley changes the G.S.M. of the fabric. If pulley moves towards the
positive directive then the G.S.M. is decrease. And in the reverse direction G.S.M will increase.
Pulley Belt:
It controls the rotation of the MPF wheel.
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Yarn Guide:
Its help the yarn to feed in the feeder
MPF Wheel:
Its control the speed of the MPF. Pulley belt gives motion to the wheel.
MPF:
It is Manger positive feed. It is also an important part of the machine. It’s give positive feed to
the machine
Feeder Ring:
It is a ring. Where all feeders are placed together.
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Needle Track:
Where all Needles is placed together in a required design.
Needle:
It is a principal element of the knitting machine. Its help the yarn to create a loop. And by this
way fabric are produce.
Sinker:
It is most important element of the machine. Its help to loop forming, knocking over and holding
down the loop.
Sinker Ring:
Sinker ring is a ring. Where all sinkers are pleased together.
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Cam Box:
Where the cam are set horizontally.
Cylinder:
Needle track are situated here in which needles are placed.
Uniwave Lubrication:
The Uniwave lubricator provides uniform lubrication to needles, cam tracks, lifters and other
knitting machine components. The patented nozzle construction separates the air-oil mixture into
air and droplets of oil.
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Adjustable Fan:
This part removes lint, hairy fibre from yarn and others. To clean the dust by air flow.
Expander:
To control the width of the knitted fabric. No distortion of the knitting courses. Even take down
tension in the knitting machine. As a result, an even fabric structure is achieved over the entire
fabric width. The deformation of the knitted fabric goods can be reduced.
Needle Detector:
This part detect the any type of faults of needles.
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Air Gun Nozzle:

To feed the yarn; sometimes it is used for cleaning purpose.
3. Types of Needles
Needle:
Needle is the basic element of knitting machine for fabric formation, without needle fabric
formation is not possible in our machines.
The Three Main Types of Needle

 The needle is the basic element of loop formation.
 There are three most commonly used types of needle
a. Latch needle
b. Spring-beard needle
c. Compound needle
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Basic parts of a Needle

These are the basic parts of a needle which performs different actions in knitting cycle.
Latch Needle Parts
Bearded Needle Parts
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Compound Needle Parts
4. Different Types of Stitches
There are basic three types of knit stitches which contributes in fabric formation.
 Knit Stitch
 Tuck Stitch
 Miss Stitch
Knit Stitch
A knit stich is formed when a knitting needle goes to its full height in the knitting cycle and it
completely forms a stitch.
Tuck Stitch
A tuck stich is composed of a held loop, one or more tuck loops and knit loops. It is produced
when a needle holding its old loop also receives the new loop. In tuck stitch formation needle
does not achieves its full height in knitting cycle.
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The tuck loop assumes an inverted U-shaped configuration.
Miss Stitch
A miss stitch or float stich is composed of a held loop, one of more float loops and knit loops. It
is produced when a needle holding its old loop fails to receive the new yarn that passes, as a float
loop to the back of the needle, and to the reverse side of the resultant stich. In miss stitch
formation needle passes straight without forming a loop.
A single float has the appearance of a U-shape on the reverse of the stitch.
5. Effects of stitches on the fabric

Knit stitch
DIY.
Tuck Stitch
 Fabric with tuck stitches is thicker than knit stitches due to accumulation of yarn in
stitches at tucking places.
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 The structure with tuck stitches is wider than with knit stitches as the loop shape has a
wider base.
 As the loop length is shortened, the tuck stitched structure is less extensible.
 Due to thicker in nature, the tuck stitched fabric is heavier in weight per unit area than the
knit stitches.
 Tuck stitched structure is more porous and open than the knit stitched fabric.
 Tuck stitch is also used to get fancy effects by using colored yarns.
Miss Stitch
 Miss stitch (float stitch) fabrics are narrower than equivalent all-knit fabric because the
wales are drawn closer together by the floats, and reducing width-wise Elasticity and
improving fabric stability.
 Float stitches make basic fabric thinner as there are less loops in the fabric.
 The structure is lighter than other structure as less yarn is used to make it
 A floating thread is useful for hiding unwanted colored yarn when producing Jacquard
designs
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Lecture 12

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Lecture 12

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Introduction to Fabric Manufacturing Lecture 12 Department of Knitting

1. Zones of knitting Machine

2. Parts of Knitting Machine

Air Gun Nozzle:

The Three Main Types of Needle

Basic parts of a Needle

Latch Needle Parts

Bearded Needle Parts

Compound Needle Parts

4. Different Types of Stitches

The tuck loop assumes an inverted U-shaped configuration.

5. Effects of stitches on the fabric

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