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Physics Formula Sheet

This document provides equations and definitions for key concepts in physics including: - Speed, displacement, time, velocity, and acceleration can be calculated using equations relating distance, time, and changes in velocity. - A velocity-time graph can be used to find displacement from its area, and acceleration from its gradient. A displacement-time graph shows velocity as its gradient. - Newton's laws of motion describe the relationships between an object's mass, applied force, and resulting acceleration. - Momentum, impulse, work, energy, and power can be calculated through equations involving factors like force, mass, velocity, and time. Thermal physics concepts also have defining equations. - Electrical concepts like current, voltage,

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raya dawod
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66 views5 pages

Physics Formula Sheet

This document provides equations and definitions for key concepts in physics including: - Speed, displacement, time, velocity, and acceleration can be calculated using equations relating distance, time, and changes in velocity. - A velocity-time graph can be used to find displacement from its area, and acceleration from its gradient. A displacement-time graph shows velocity as its gradient. - Newton's laws of motion describe the relationships between an object's mass, applied force, and resulting acceleration. - Momentum, impulse, work, energy, and power can be calculated through equations involving factors like force, mass, velocity, and time. Thermal physics concepts also have defining equations. - Electrical concepts like current, voltage,

Uploaded by

raya dawod
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1- To calculate the average Speed, Displacement, Time, Displacement, and Velocity:

Speed: m/s

Distance = m (meters)

Time = s (seconds)

Displacement = d (Meters)

Velocity = v (m/s)

- Speed = Distance/Time

- Time = Distance/Speed

- Distance = Speed x Time

- Displacement = Velocity x Time

- Velocity = Displacement/Time

2- To calculate the average acceleration, and to calculate initial and final velocity, and time through
it:

Final Velocity: Vf

Initial Velocity: Vi

Acceleration: a (m/s^2)

Time: t

- Acceleration = Vf - Vi/ t

- Initial Velocity = a . t - Vf

- Final Velocity = a . t + Vi

- Time = Vf - Vi/a

3- Velocity Time Graph

- Area under graph = Displacement (triangle eq. ½ . h . b, trapezium a + b/2 . h)

- Gradient = Acceleration

4- Displacement Time Graph

- Gradient = Velocity
5- Newtons first Law

- Every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its
state by the action of an external force.

Mass: m (KG)

Gravitational acceleration: g (m/s^2)

Weight: W (Newton)

- Equation: W = m . g

6- Newtons Second Law

- When a body is acted upon by a force, the time rate of change of its momentum equals the force.

Force: F (newtons)

- Equation: F = m . a

7- Newtons Third Law

- If two bodies exert forces on each other, these forces have the same magnitude but opposite
directions.

8- Momentum

- Equation: p = m . v

- the state of motion of something at a moment of time

9- Impulse

- Equation: I = F . t OR I = m . (Vf – Vi)

- it is the change of momentum

10- Conservation of momentum in collisions

- Equation: Momentum a = Momentum b OR m . a (a) = m . a (b)


11- Work

- Equation: W = F . Distance

- The movement of an object via applied force

12- Gravitational Potential Energy

- Equations: GPE = m. g . h

13- Kinetic Energy

- Equation: KE = ½ . m . v^2

14- Conservation of Mechanical Energy

- Loss in KE = Gain in GPE

- Gain in KE = Loss of GPE

15- Energy Work Principle

- KE: W = ½ . m(Vf^2 – Vi^2)

- GPE: W = m . g(h1 – h2)

16- Power

- Power = work done/time taken  P = W/t

- Power = energy transfer/time taken  P = delta E/t

17- Efficiency

- Efficiency = useful output energy/total input energy x 100%

18- Thermal physics

- Specific heat capacity: Energy = mc . difference in temperature (when temperature changes)

- Specific latent heat: Energy = m . L (when matter changes)


19- Pressure

- Pressure (pascal): P= F/area

- Liquid Pressure: Density (curved p) = m/volume  Liquid Pressure (pascal) = Density . g . depth

20- Laws

- Charles law: The temperature of gas is directly proportional to its volume

- Pressure’s law: The pressure of gas is directly proportional to its temperature as the volume is kept
constant

- Boyle’s law: the pressure of gas is inversely proportional to its volume as long as the temperature is
kept constant (P1 . V1 = P2 . V2)

21- Ampere

Current: I

Charge: Q (coulombs)

-Q=I/t

-I=Q.t

-t=I/Q

22- Voltage

Volts: V

-V=E/Q

-Q=E/V

-E=V.Q

23- Resistance

Resistance: R (Ohms)

-R=V/A

-V=R/A

-A=V.R
24- Resistivity

Material Resistivity = ρ

Cross sectional area = A

Length = L

ρ = R . A /L

R=ρ.L/A

A=ρ.L/R

L = R. A / ρ

25- Power calculated via Resistance, Current, and Voltage

P=I.V

P = I^2 . R

P = V^2 / R

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