1 - Introduction To Design of Steel Structures

Introduction to
Design of Steel
Structures
CE163-3
Outline
01. What is 02. Practical Use of
Structural Design? Structural Steel
2
What is Structural
Design?
Structural design means artistic invention and

dimensioning. Invention is the creation of a
structural form, dimensioning is to assign to every
structural member adequate dimensions for
stability, safety, serviceability, suitability and
sustainability.
3
What is Structural
Design?
The primary objective of structural design is to

calculate the sizes of the members required to
withstand the loads placed upon the framing
arrangement.
In the past, design was mostly based on a trial-and-error approach.

However, as mathematics and science progressed, various design
theories such as elastic, plastic, and limit state were developed.
These theories enable accurate and cost-effective designs to be
created.
4
Practical Use of
Structural Steel
Structural Steel
In recent years, steel structures have gained

popularity as a preferred choice for architects, civil
engineers, and contractors in both residential and
commercial building construction. This is primarily
due to the unique properties of steel, which offer a
multitude of benefits for decision-makers.
6
Steel Structures or Reinforced Concrete?
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Although the beginning of any construction project may involve

imagining and asking questions about its appearance, ultimately
the most significant question to be answered during the
construction process is "how and with what materials will it be
built?"
7
Steel elements have small, Reinforced concrete

compact cross-sections making
them approximately 60% lighter WEIGHT members are bulky
and may reach 2700
than concrete. This allows for a kg/m³ in weight.
less expensive foundation system.
8
COST
When properly designed, Steel Structure is
economical. Huge portion of the market
supply comes from recycling, making steel Concrete, on the other hand, has many
much cheaper than other materials. Being ingredients such as cement, sand &
lightweight, it delivers huge reduction in gravel, water, and various additives. And
labor cost due to easier handling and to produce a reinforced concrete
transportation and faster installation. member, reinforcing bars must be
integrated then formed and cast to the
desired section. The number of
ingredients and their lengthy assembly
results in high construction expenditures.
9
STRENGTH
Steel has the highest strength to weight Concrete possesses high compressive
ratio among building materials. It is strength, and weak in tension, that is why
eight times (8X) stronger than concrete we use steel reinforcements to
in tension and shear. However, Buckling compensate this weakness.
is an issue with steel structures. As the
length of the steel column increases the
chances of buckling also increases.
10
CONSTRUCTION
Steel Structures components can be Reinforced concrete components are
fabricated offsite and the construction mostly cast in place and these
also deploys less number of manpower components are cast step by step, part by
and skill trades. Since still structures part, one at a time with 28 days of
can be constructed faster than interval curing after another. It needs an
Reinforced Concrete, which allows the enormous labor force to deal with its
building to be occupied sooner. many processes – steel works, carpentry,
casting, masonry, and finishing.
11
DESIGN
Steel Structure members can be laid-out in long Since the weight of concrete is high
segments without the need of intermediate compared to its strength, this makes it
supports, eliminating obstructions thus difficult to design for long span beams.
maximizing spaces. They have capability to span Thus, designers were forced to use
huge heights and distances. This is why some Long prestressing technology to compensate
span bridges are made of Steel Material. In this disadvantage, resulting to added cost
addition, structural steel can be designed and to construction.
assembled in such a way that the structure can be
more aesthetically pleasing.
12
Steel Structure and reinforced concrete both produce
structures that are strong enough to withstand fire,
strong winds, heavy snows, termites, and fires.
SAFETY
However, when it comes to withstanding earthquakes, steel structures may
possess a greater advantage compared to reinforced concrete structures. This is
due to the fact that steel structures are lighter and more ductile, which enables
the structural frame to better absorb and diminish the destructive effects of
earthquakes. Furthermore, the high-strength steel connections of these
structures permit some deformation at the joints while still maintaining the
integrity of the members, thereby reducing the likelihood of collapse of the
building or sections under stress. Steel structures take advantage also of the use
of Diagonal bracings which greatly improve seismic performance of a particular
13 building.
DURABILITY
Steel is an alloy of iron. This makes it Compared to steel, concrete can endure
susceptible to corrosion. This problem can be very high temperatures for long periods
solved to some extent using anti-corrosion and offers excellent protection from
applications. It has high maintenance costs as it explosions. However, changes in
has to be painted to make it corrosion-resistant. temperature may cause cracks, that is
Steel can also be a conductor of heat, which why expansion joints are considered also
means it needs to be adequately fireproofed. part of design.
14
Practical Use of Structural Steel
Speed of construction Long Span Structures
15 Strong Against Earthquake

Practical Use of Structural Steel
Recyclability Aesthetic
16
Further Learning
March 20,
Annual
17 Review
2023
Steel Structure Installation
END

1 - Introduction To Design of Steel Structures

Uploaded by

1 - Introduction To Design of Steel Structures

Uploaded by

Introduction to

Structural design means artistic invention and

The primary objective of structural design is to

In the past, design was mostly based on a trial-and-error approach.

In recent years, steel structures have gained

Although the beginning of any construction project may involve

Steel elements have small, Reinforced concrete

Speed of construction Long Span Structures

15 Strong Against Earthquake

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