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Lecture 1 - Introduction

This document provides an introduction to machine construction and design. It discusses key concepts like stress, strain, material properties, types of loading and stresses. Specifically, it defines stress as the internal resistance of a material to an applied load, and strain as the deformation resulting from stress. It also outlines the stress-strain diagram and different regions in the curve. Furthermore, it identifies five common types of static stresses: tensile, compressive, shear, torsion and bending stresses.

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abdelhameed saed
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25 views13 pages

Lecture 1 - Introduction

This document provides an introduction to machine construction and design. It discusses key concepts like stress, strain, material properties, types of loading and stresses. Specifically, it defines stress as the internal resistance of a material to an applied load, and strain as the deformation resulting from stress. It also outlines the stress-strain diagram and different regions in the curve. Furthermore, it identifies five common types of static stresses: tensile, compressive, shear, torsion and bending stresses.

Uploaded by

abdelhameed saed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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Machine Construction

Lecture 1_Introduction

Dr. Ayman Aly Abd El-Wahab


Design Relation

Stresses
Load

Material Dimensions

M.Atia 2
Material : Stress-Strain Diagram
ultimate
tensile 3 necking
strength
 UTS
yield Fracture
strength
y 4
2
Elastic region
Plastic slope =Young’s (elastic) modulus
Region yield strength  y
Plastic region
ultimate tensile strength
Elastic strain hardening
σ = Eε Region fracture
σ 1
E=
ε E=
σy
Strain (  ) (DL/Lo)
ε 2 − ε1 M.Atia 3
In plastic region In elastic region M.Atia 4
Types of Loading

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M.Atia 6
The internal resistance of the material
to counteract the applied load is known
as STRESS.

And the deformation is known as


STRAIN.

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• Poisson’s ratio, v is the absolute value of the ratio of
the lateral strain to longitudinal strain.

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Five types of static (load) stresses to which materials
can be subjected:
◼ Tensile Stress (load) which
resist force tend to stretch the
material

◼ Compressive Stress (load)


which resist force tend to
squeeze (compress) it
M.Atia 11
Five types of static (load) stresses to which materials
can be subjected:

◼ Shear Stress (load) which


resist force tend to cause
adjacent portions of material
to slide against each other.

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◼ Torsion Stress which
resist force (or torsion)
tend to twist the
material.

◼ Bending Stress which


resist force (or moment)
tend to bend the
material.

M.Atia 13

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