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Basic Elements of Prolog

The document discusses the basic elements of Prolog, which include terms, fact statements, and rule statements. A term can be a constant, variable, or structure. Fact statements represent propositions that are assumed true, while rule statements represent rules of implication between propositions. Examples of a fact statement and rule statement are provided.

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170 views4 pages

Basic Elements of Prolog

The document discusses the basic elements of Prolog, which include terms, fact statements, and rule statements. A term can be a constant, variable, or structure. Fact statements represent propositions that are assumed true, while rule statements represent rules of implication between propositions. Examples of a fact statement and rule statement are provided.

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Basic elements of Prolog

Some of the basic elements of Prolog are:

1. Term
2. Fact statements
3. Rule statements

1. Term: A Prolog term is a constant, a variable, or a structure.


A constant is either an atom or an integer.
Atoms are the symbolic values of Prolog and are similar to their counterparts in LISP. In
particular, an atom is either a string of letters, digits, and underscores that begins with a
lowercase letter or a string of any printable ASCII characters delimited by apostrophes.
2. Fact statements: A fact statement is simply a proposition that is assumed to be true.
For example:

female(khushi). , it states Khushi is a female.


mother(varsha, khushi). , it states Varsha is Mother of Khushi.

3. Rule Statements: Rule statements state rules of implication between propositions.For


example: ancestor(varsha, khushi) :- mother(varsha, khushi)., it states that if Varsh is the
mother of Khushi, then Varsha is an ancestor of Khushi.

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