Scribd
Upload
39 views

8085 Microprocessor Architecture

The 8085 microprocessor is an 8-bit microprocessor designed by Intel in 1977 using NMOS technology. It has an 8-bit data bus, 16-bit address bus that can address up to 64KB of memory, and 6 general purpose 8-bit registers that can be paired to hold 16-bit data. The 8085 consists of functional units like an accumulator, arithmetic logic unit, program counter, stack pointer, and flag register. It is used in devices like washing machines, microwaves, and early mobile phones.

Uploaded by

tguna21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
39 views

8085 Microprocessor Architecture

The 8085 microprocessor is an 8-bit microprocessor designed by Intel in 1977 using NMOS technology. It has an 8-bit data bus, 16-bit address bus that can address up to 64KB of memory, and 6 general purpose 8-bit registers that can be paired to hold 16-bit data. The 8085 consists of functional units like an accumulator, arithmetic logic unit, program counter, stack pointer, and flag register. It is used in devices like washing machines, microwaves, and early mobile phones.

Uploaded by

tguna21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

8085 Microprocessor Architecture

8085is an 8-bit microprocessor designed by Intel in 1977 using NMOS technology.

It has the following configuration −

 8-bit data bus


 16-bit address bus, which can address upto 64KB
 A 16-bit program counter
 A 16-bit stack pointer
 Six 8-bit registers arranged in pairs: BC, DE, HL
 Requires +5V supply to operate at 3.2 MHZ single phase clock

It is used in washing machines, microwave ovens, mobile phones, etc.

8085 consists of the following functional units −

Accumulator

It is an 8-bit register used to perform arithmetic, logical, I/O & LOAD/STORE operations. It is
connected to internal data bus & ALU.

Arithmetic and logic unit

As the name suggests, it performs arithmetic and logical operations like Addition, Subtraction,
AND, OR, etc. on 8-bit data.
General purpose register

There are 6 general purpose registers in 8085 processor, i.e. B, C, D, E, H & L. Each register can
hold 8-bit data.

These registers can work in pair to hold 16-bit data and their pairing combination is like B-C, D-E
& H-L.

Program counter

It is a 16-bit register used to store the memory address location of the next instruction to be
executed. Microprocessor increments the program whenever an instruction is being executed, so
that the program counter points to the memory address of the next instruction that is going to
be executed.

Stack pointer

It is also a 16-bit register works like stack, which is always incremented/decremented by 2


during push & pop operations.

Temporary register

It is an 8-bit register, which holds the temporary data of arithmetic and logical operations.

Flag register

It is an 8-bit register having five 1-bit flip-flops, which holds either 0 or 1 depending upon the
result stored in the accumulator.

These are the set of 5 flip-flops −

 Sign (S)
 Zero (Z)
 Auxiliary Carry (AC)
 Parity (P)
 Carry (C)

Instruction register and decoder

It is an 8-bit register. When an instruction is fetched from memory then it is stored in the
Instruction register. Instruction decoder decodes the information present in the Instruction
register.

Timing and control unit

It provides timing and control signal to the microprocessor to perform operations. Following are
the timing and control signals, which control external and internal circuits −

 Control Signals: READY, RD’, WR’, ALE


 Status Signals: S0, S1, IO/M’
 DMA Signals: HOLD, HLDA
 RESET Signals: RESET IN, RESET OUT
Interrupt control

As the name suggests it controls the interrupts during a process. When a microprocessor is
executing a main program and whenever an interrupt occurs, the microprocessor shifts the
control from the main program to process the incoming request. After the request is completed,
the control goes back to the main program.

There are 5 interrupt signals in 8085 microprocessor: INTR, RST 7.5, RST 6.5, RST 5.5, TRAP.

Serial Input/output control

It controls the serial data communication by using these two instructions: SID (Serial input data)
and SOD (Serial output data).

Address buffer and address-data buffer

The content stored in the stack pointer and program counter is loaded into the address buffer
and address-data buffer to communicate with the CPU. The memory and I/O chips are connected
to these buses; the CPU can exchange the desired data with the memory and I/O chips.

Address bus and data bus

Data bus carries the data to be stored. It is bidirectional, whereas address bus carries the
location to where it should be stored and it is unidirectional. It is used to transfer the data &
Address I/O devices.

You might also like