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Learn C++ - Classes & Objects Cheatsheet

A class in C++ defines a data type that encapsulates data and functions. A class contains attributes (member data) and methods (member functions). Constructors enable control over object creation. Objects are instances of a class that encapsulate related data and functionality. Access control operators designate whether class members are public or private. Destructors handle object destruction.

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25 views3 pages

Learn C++ - Classes & Objects Cheatsheet

A class in C++ defines a data type that encapsulates data and functions. A class contains attributes (member data) and methods (member functions). Constructors enable control over object creation. Objects are instances of a class that encapsulate related data and functionality. Access control operators designate whether class members are public or private. Destructors handle object destruction.

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rasulghatane1234
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2/2/24, 6:52 PM Learn C++: Classes & Objects Cheatsheet | Codecademy

Cheatsheets / Learn C++

Classes & Objects

Class Members

A class is comprised of class members: class City {


Attributes, also known as member data, consist of
information about an instance of the class.
Methods, also known as member functions, are // Attribute
functions that can be used with an instance of the int population;
class.

public:
// Method
void add_resident() {
population++;
}

};

Constructor

For a C++ class, a constructor is a special kind of method #include "city.hpp"


that enables control regarding how the objects of a class
should be created. Different class constructors can be
specified for the same class, but each constructor class City {
signature must be unique.

std::string name;
int population;

public:
City(std::string new_name, int new_pop);

};

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2/2/24, 6:52 PM Learn C++: Classes & Objects Cheatsheet | Codecademy

Objects

In C++, an object is an instance of a class that City nyc;


encapsulates data and functionality pertaining to that
data.

Class

A C++ class is a user-defined data type that encapsulates class Person {


information and behavior about an object. It serves as a
blueprint for future inherited classes.
};

Access Control Operators

C++ classes have access control operators that designate class City {
the scope of class members:
public
private int population;
public members are accessible everywhere;
private members can only be accessed from within public:
the same instance of the class or from friends classes.
void add_resident() {
population++;
}

private:
bool is_capital;

};

Destructor

For a C++ class, a destructor is a special method that City::~City() {


handles object destruction, generally focused on
preventing memory leaks. Class destructors don’t take
arguments as input and their names are always preceded // Any final cleanup
by a tilde ~ .

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