Java Programming Language

Java is a object oriented programming language, similar to C++ High Level language and architecture neutral
developed and released by sun microsystem in 1995 and later acquired by Oracle Corporation.

James Gosling is known as the father of java, its name was OAK. Since oak was already a registered company so James
Gosling as his team changed the OAK to JAVA.

Java Was Originally called OAK. Java is a computing platform for application development.

Object-Oriented mean the capability to reuse the code.

Java is platform Independent that means java can run on any hardware r software environment in which a program
runs. Since java has a runtime environment (JRE) and API, it is called a platform Independent.

Java Team members known as Green Team, initiated this project to develop a language for digital devices such as set-
up box, television etc. However, it is suited for internet programming. Later, Java Technology was incorporated by
Netscape.

James Gosling, Mike Sheridan and Patrick Naughton, Bill Joy initiated the java language project in June 1991 and then
sun microsystem released the first public implementation as java 1.0 in 1995, and it promised Write Once, Run
Anywhere providing no cost run times on popular platforms.

On 13 November, 2006 Sun Microsystem released java as free and open-source software under the terms GNU
General Public License (GPU).

Source code of java program is converting to bytecode (file with a .class extension) by the java compiler which in turn
is converted to machine code by the java interpreter. Java interpreters and runtime environments, known as java
Virtual Machine (VMs). Bytecode can also be converted directly into machine language instructions by just-in-time
compiler (JIT).

Java Code does not support the use of pointer. It automatically manages memory garbage-collection routine activated
when the system run short of memory.

Java provides the most secure programming environment java doesn’t just fix secure loopholes -it eliminates them,
which make java the perfect language for programming on the web.

Java Features
The primary objective of java programming language creation was to make it possible, simple and secure
programming language. Apart this, there also some excellent features which play an important role in the popularity
of this language.

1. Compiled and interpreter

It has both compiled and interpreter feature program in java is first compiled and then it must to interpret.
2. Platform Independent
Java Programming Language is platform independent programming language that means program of java is
Easily transferable because after compilation of java program byte code will be created then we have to just
transfer the code of byte code to another computer. This is not necessary for computer having the same
operating system in which the code of the java is created and executed after compilation of the java program
we easily convert the program.
3. Object Oriented
Java is purely OPP Language that is all the code of the java Language is written into the classes and objects.
This feature java is most popular language because it also supports code reusability, Maintainability etc. ‘
4. Robust and Secure
Robust: The code of the java is robust and secure means at first it checks the code wither it is affected by the

ADVANCE JAVA PROGRAMMING | Shubham Chaudhary

 virus or not or it is checks safety of the code if code contain the virus then it will never executed that code on
the machine.
Secure: When we convert the code from the one machine to another the first check the code either it is
effected by the virus or not if code contain the virus then it will never excited that code on different machine.
5. Distributed
Java is distributed language means because the program of java is compiled onto the machine because facility
of bytes codes so java is specially designed for internal user which uses the remote computer for executing
their programs on a local machine after transferring the program from the remote computer or either from
the internet.
6. Simple, Smart and Familiar
Java is simple Language because it contains many features of other languages like c and C++ and java removes
complexity because it doesn’t use pointers, storage classes and java doesn’t support multiple Inheritance.
7. Multithreading and interactive
Java uses Multithreading Techniques for execution means like in other in structure Language code is divided
into the small parts like this code of java is divided into the similar part those are executed by java in sequence
and Timing Manner this is called as Multithreading and java is dividing a program into the small part those are
executed by compiler of java itself java is called as interactive because code of java support also CUI and GUI
Programs.
8. Dynamic and Extensible code
Java has dynamic and extensible code means with the help java OOPS java provide inheritance we can reuse
the code that is pre-define and also uses all the built-in functions of java and classes.
9. Distributed
Java is a distributed language which means that the program can be design to run on computer network. Java
provides an extensive library of classes for communicating, Using TCP/IP protocols such as HTTP and FTP. This
make creating connections much easier than in C++.
10. Secure
Java was Designed with secure in mind. As java is intended to be use in network/distributor environments so it
implements several security mechanisms to protect.
11. Architectural Neural
One of the key features of java that make it different form other programming language is architectural
neutral (platform intendent). This means that the program written on one platform can run on any other
platform without having to rewrite or recompiling the program. It follows Write once run anywhere approach.
12. Portable
The portability actually comes from architecture-neutrality. In C and C++, source code may run slightly
different on different hardware because of how these platforms implement arithmetic operations. In java, it
has been simplified.
13. Interpreted
Unlike most of the programming languages which are either complied or interpreted, java is both complied
and interpreted the java translates a java source code into byte code and the java interpreter executes the
translate byte codes directly on the machine that implements the java VM. These two steps of completion
and interpretation allow extensive code checking and improved security.
14. High Performance
Java programs are compile to portable intermediate from know as bytecodes, rather than to native machine
level instructions and JVM executes java bytecode on any machine on which it is installed. This architecture
means that Java programs are faster than program or scripts written in purely interpreted languages but
slower than C and C++ programs that compiled to native machine languages.

Set the java path on Operating System

The path is required to be set for using tools such as javac, java, etc.

If you are saving the Java source file inside the JDK/bin directory, the path is not required to be set because all the
tools will be available in the current directory.

ADVANCE JAVA PROGRAMMING | Shubham Chaudhary

However, if you have your Java file outside the JDK/bin folder, it is necessary to set the path of JDK.

There are two ways to set the path in Java:

✓ Temporary
To set the temporary path of JDK, you need to follow the following steps:
1. Open the command prompt
2. Copy the path of the JDK/bin directory
3. Write in command prompt: set path=copied path
For Example:
set path=C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_23\bin

✓ Permanent
For setting the permanent path of JDK, you need to follow these steps:
• Right-click on 'My Computer' and select 'Properties'.
• Click the 'Environment variables' button under the 'Advanced' tab.
• Now, alter the 'Path' variable so that it also contains the path to the Java executable.
Example, c:\Program Files\java\jdk\bin'.

ADVANCE JAVA PROGRAMMING | Shubham Chaudhary