Introduction of Applied

Computing in Business
Trang, Ha Thi Thu (Ph.D)
SEM - HUST
 LIST OF CONTENTS

01 02 03 05
WORKING BASIC DATA DATA
WITH FUNCTION EXTRACTION 04 MODELLING
SPREADSHEET IN EXCEL AND
MANAGEMENT
DATA ANALYSIS

2
Chapter 4: DATA ANALYSIS
4.1. SUBTOTAL TOOL

4.2. PIVOT TABLE & PIVOT CHART

4.3. CHARTS

4.4. DATA TABLE

4.5. DASHBOARD BY EXCEL

 4.1. SUBTOTAL TOOL
• Use the SUBTOTAL function to get a subtotal in a list or database.
• Inserting automatic subtotals is a quick way to summarize data in a list.
• To use automatic subtotals, your data must be organized into a list and sorted by the
column for which you want to display subtotals.
• For example, in a list of sales records, you sort by salesperson to obtain the subtotals for
the sales (in moneytary term) by each salesperson.
 4.1. SUBTOTAL TOOL
To display Subtotals tool:
• Sort the list by the column for which you want to display
subtotals.
• Select Data  Outline  Subtotal
• In the Subtotal dialog box:
 At each change in: Identifies the field that contains the items by which
you want to subtotal values in other columns.
 Use function: Identifies the summary function used to calculate
subtotals.
 Add subtotal to: Identifies the fields you wish to subtotal.
 Replace current subtotals: Displays new subtotal rows.
 Summary below data: Inserts a page break between each grouping.
 Page break between groups: Adds subtotal rows below the groupings
 Remove all: to remove the subtotal function
 4.1. SUBTOTAL TOOL
For example, in a list of sales records, you want to compute the total earning by each
saleperson:
• Step 1: Sort by order the field “Nhân viên thực hiện”
• Step 2: Do as instruction
 4.2. PIVOT TABLE
• Pivot table is a special type of data summary table that you can use to analyze and
reveal the relationships inherent in the data lists that you maintain in Excel.
• Pivot tables are great for summarizing particular values in a data list or database
because they do their magic without making you create formulas to perform the
calculations.
• For example, we want to summarize the saleperson’s sale by districts:

HOW?
 4.2. PIVOT TABLE
Insert Pivot Table

Data table
 4.2. PIVOT TABLE
Pivot table custom group by categorical data
 4.2. PIVOT TABLE
Pivot table custom group by categorical data
Steps
1. Create a pivot table
2. Drag the Color field to the Rows area
3. Drag the Sales field to the Values area
4. Group items manually
41. Select items
42. Right-click and Group
43. Name group as desired
44. Repeat for each separate group
5. Rename grouping field (Color2) to Group (or as desired)
 4.2. PIVOT TABLE
Pivot table group by range of numeric data
Steps
1. Create a pivot table
2. Add Age as a Row field
3. Add Name as a Value field
4. Group Age into buckets of 10 years
 4.2. PIVOT TABLE
Pivot table group by range of numeric data
Steps
1. Create a pivot table
2. Add Age as a Row field
3. Add Name as a Value field
4. Group Age into buckets of 10 years
4.3. CHARTS
4.3. CHARTS

Combination
Chart
 4.3. CHARTS
Column Charts with horizontal line
 4.3. CHARTS
• Column Charts with horizontal line
Steps:
1. Select the sales data and insert a Column chart
2. Select target line data and copy. Then select chart >
paste special:
3. Column chart after pasting target line data
4. Right click on chart and choose Chan Chart Type
 4.3. CHARTS
• Column Charts with horizontal line
Steps:
5. Make Target Series an XY Scatter Chart
6. Select target data point, then add error bars to chart
7. Select X (horizontal) error bar; set Fixed value = 1.
 4.3. CHARTS
• Column Charts with horizontal line
Steps:
8. Select Y error bars, then press delete to remove
9. Current chart after adjusting X error bars and removing Y error bars:
10. Select secondary value axis, then set Maximum bounds = 1, and Label
Position = "None“
11. Select and delete secondary vertical axis.
 4.3. CHARTS
• Column Charts with horizontal line
Steps:
12. Select horizontal error bar and set end style = "No Cap"
13. Set Target data series marker to "None“
14. Current chart with sales in columns and target as edge-to-edge line
 4.3. CHARTS
• Bar Charts with vertical line
Steps:
1. Selecting the range E10:F32 and creating a
scatter chart with lines (the third option in
the Scatter section).
2. In the range B15:C16, enter the date of the
merger and the lower and upper limits on
the y coordinates for vertical line. (In this
case, lower limit = 0 and upper limit=120.)
3. Copy the range B15:C16 and then right-click
the chart.
4. Clicking the Paste icon inserts the vertical
line on the January 10 date.
 4.3. CHARTS
• Scatter Plot with bubble
While a scatter chart allows you to see how two
variables vary, a bubble chart allows you to
visually summarize three variables.
The data contains for several countries/regions
the percentage variance in sales relative to the
budget, the annual growth in sales, and each
country/region’s market size.
 4.3. CHARTS
• Scatter Plot with bubble
To summarize this data in a bubble chart:
1. Select the range D9:F14, click the drop-down
arrow by the scatter chart icon, and choose
Bubble (the first bubble-chart option).
2. Change the title of the chart to Area Bubble
Chart. After adding a data label for each bubble,
based on the country/region (cell range C10:C14),
and placing the labels above each bubble, obtain
the bubble chart.
3. To add the labels, in the Format Data Labels
pane, under Label Options, check Value From
Cells, and uncheck Y Value.
4. Select the cell range C10:C14 to insert the
labels for the countries/regions in the chart. For
label position, select Label Position.
 4.3. CHARTS
• Scatter Plot with bubble
To summarize this data in a bubble chart:
1. Select the range D9:F14, click the drop-down
arrow by the scatter chart icon, and choose
Bubble (the first bubble-chart option).
2. Change the title of the chart to Area Bubble
Chart. After adding a data label for each bubble,
based on the country/region (cell range C10:C14),
and placing the labels above each bubble, obtain
the bubble chart.
3. To add the labels, in the Format Data Labels
pane, under Label Options, check Value From
Cells, and uncheck Y Value.
4. Select the cell range C10:C14 to insert the
labels for the countries/regions in the chart. For
label position, select Label Position.
 4.3. CHARTS
• Waterfall chart for finance data
1. Selecting the cell range A1:B14 and creating a
waterfall chart,
2. Note that the first and last points need to be
changed to a total (click the Opening column
twice, then right-click it, select Format Data Point,
and select Set As Total; then select the Closing
column and select Set As Total for that column as
well.)
NOTE: Understand the meaning of the chart, change
the data to negative/positive value to match with
cash flow. Set as total matching with meaning of
finance data (for example: Total revenue - Gross
revenue - Profit, opening value or closing value…)
 4.3. CHARTS
• Treemap chart for hierarchical data
 Treemap charts (also known as mosaic charts) enable you
to visualize hierarchical data.
 Hierarchical data is a way to organize data with multiple
one-to-many relationships. The structure is based on the
rule that one parent can have many children, but children
can have only one parent.
 For example, consider a small bookstore. The parents in
this case might be types of books (like children’s books,
art and photography books, and so on). The children of
the art and photography category might be crafts and
coffee-table books. For children’s books, the children
might be books in categories such as Age 3–5 and Age 6–
8. Age 3–5 books might have subcategories of first-
readers, ABCs, and Tolstoy for Tots
 4.3. CHARTS
• Treemap chart for hierarchical data
To create a treemap chart:
1. Selecting the cell range A1:D29.
2. Then, on the Insert tab, select Insert Hierarchy Chart, the treemap icon shown.
3. You can hover over a rectangle to get the data. If you right-click any rectangle, you can select
Format Data Series and change the labels to banner labels, which places the labels for each
parent alone in its own rectangle

This treemap chart shows the

fraction of total sales belonging to
each type of book. Notice that all
book types with the same parent are
portrayed with the same color. This
chart shows that a little less than half
your sales (actually 42 percent) come
from children’s books.
 4.3. CHARTS
• Radar Chart
The data summarizes data for four athletes on the
dimensions of speed, strength, and agility.
To create a Radar chart:
1. Select the range C2:F6.
2. On the Insert tab, select the radar chart icon (Insert
Surface Or Radar Chart).
3. From the options displayed, select Radar With Markers
(the second option in the Radar section),

The center of the radar chart indicates a score of 0; the

farther a marker is from the center, the better the score.
The chart makes it easy to see, for example, that Max
scores poorly on all measures, while Christian scores well on
all three measures.
4.3. DATA TABLE

Insert a Table & Convert

Structured References
a table to a range

Table Styles Quick Analysis

 4.3. DATA TABLE
• Insert a Table and Convert a table to a range
Insert a table: Select the range of data, On the Insert tab, in the Tables group, click Table. Excel
automatically selects the data for you. Check 'My table has headers' and click on OK.

To get rid of a table, use the Convert to Range command on the Table Tools tab of the ribbon
Note that converting a table back to
a normal range doesn't remove
formatting. To remove table
formatting, first apply the "None"
table style, then use "Convert to
Range".
 4.3. DATA TABLE
• Some examples for advantage of data calculation on table:
 4.3. DATA TABLE
• Structured References:
 When working with tables in Excel, you can
use structured references to make your
formulas easier to understand.

 When you type the first few letters of a

table in a formula, Excel will list matching
table names below.
 4.3. DATA TABLE
• Table formatting:
Quickly format a range of cells by choosing a table
style. You can also create your own table style.
Quickly format a cell by choosing a cell style.
 4.3. DATA TABLE
• Quick Analysis:
Use the Quick Analysis tool in Excel to quickly analyze your data. Quickly calculate
totals, quickly insert tables, quickly apply conditional formatting and more.
 4.3. DATA TABLE
• Quick Analysis:
Use the Quick Analysis tool in Excel to quickly analyze your data. Quickly calculate
totals, quickly insert tables, quickly apply conditional formatting and more.
 4.4. DATA DASHBOARD
A dashboard’s visual nature simplifies complex data and provides an at-a-glance
view of current status or performance in real time. Dashboards are made up of
tables, charts, gauges, and numbers.
Creamery Sale 2019 – 2020 Report
Sales and Quantity by month Sales by products
Total Sales Total Quantity

Ice Cream $712,170

$200,000 140000
$180,000 120000 Tasty Treats $322,245
$160,000
$140,000 100000
$120,000 80000
$100,000
$80,000 60000
Frozen Yogurt $276,038
$60,000 40000
$40,000
$20,000 20000
$0 0
Popsicles $248,220

Top 10 Sales Total Sales by region in Total Sales by Sellers

$23 thousands unit Bishop Pullen Watson
Thousands

Pullen Bishop Watson Watson Pullen Bishop

$22
Watson Watson
West
$22

$21
North 34%
$21 37%
Watson Watson
$20
Central
$20

$19 $0 $200 $400 $600

29%
Central North West
Total $477,090 $485,730 $595,853
Creamery Sale 2019 – 2020 Report
Total Sales and Quantity by month Sales and Quantity by Products Top 10 sales
Total Sales Total Quantity 500

Thousands
Ice Cream
$200 140 450 September Watson
Thousands

Thousands
$180
120 400
$160
$140 100 350 September Bishop
$120 80 300
$100
$80 60 250 September Pullen
$60 40 Tasty Treats
200
$40 Frozen Yogurt
20 150
$20 Popsicles March Watson
$0 0 100
200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Thousands July Watson

Total Sales by Sales and Quantity by Total Sales by Region

August Watson
Saleperson Products

Frozen West $595,853 April Watson

Yogurt

Bishop April Bishop

Watso
34% North
n Tasty $485,730
37% Ice Cream
Treats
April Pullen

Pullen
29% Central $477,090
Popsicles April Watson