Algorithm characteristics

1. It should have finite number of steps. No one can be expected to execute infinite number of steps.
2. The steps must be in order and simple
3. Each step should be defined clearly stated i.e. without un-ambiguity (without doubtfulness)
4. Must include all required information
5. Should exhibit at least one output

Algorithm Flowchart Program

An algorithm is defined as A flowchart is pictorial Set of instructions. Instruction is
sequence of steps to solve a (graphical) representation of a command to the computer to
problem (task). an algorithm. do some task.

Algorithm can also be defined as A picture is worth of 1000 Implementation of Algorithm or

a plan to solve a problem and words. We can understand more flowchart
represents its logic. from picture than words.

Different algorithms have different performance characteristics to solve the same problem. Some
algorithms are fast. Some are slow. Some occupy more memory space. Some occupy less memory
space. Some are complex and some algorithms are simple.

Logically algorithm, flowchart and program are the same.

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 Examples of Algorithms and Flowcharts (with C code)

1. To find sum of two numbers

Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start Start
2. Read a, b
3. c=a+b
4. Print or display c Read a, b
5. Stop

c=a+b

Write c

Stop

2. Finding Area of the square

Algorithm Flowchart Program

Start
1. Start
2. Read length, L
3. area = L*L Read L
4. Print or display area
5. Stop
area = L*L

Write
area

Stop

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3. Finding Area of the rectangle
Algorithm Flowchart Program

Start

1. Start
2. Read side length, a Read a
3. Read side length b
4. area = a*b
5. Print or display area
Read b
6. Stop

area = a*b

Write
area

Stop

4. Area of a triangle where three sides are given

Algorithm Flowchart Program

Start
1. Start
2. Read a, b, c
3. s = (a+b+c)/2
Read a, b, c
4. A=sqrt (s *(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c))
5. Print or display A
6. Stop
s = (a+b+c)/2
A = sqrt s(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c)

Write
A

Stop

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5. Find the area & perimeter of a square
Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start Start
2. Read length L
3. Area A = L*L
4. Perimeter P = 4*L Read L
5. Print or display A,P
6. Stop
A = L*L
P = 4*L

Write
A, P

Stop

6. Calculating the average for 3 numbers

Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start
2. Read 3 numbers A, B, C
3. Calculate the average by
the equation:
Average = (A + B + C)/3
4. Print average
5. Stop

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7. Greatest of two numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start
2. Read A,B
3. If A > B then
Print A is large
else
Print B is large
4. Stop

8. Interchange the value of two numbers

Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start
2. Read two values into two variables a, b
3. Declare third variable, c
c=a
a=b
b=c
4. Print or display a, b
5. Stop

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9. Calculate simple interest using the expression (SI=PNR/100)
Algorithm Flowchart Program

Start

1. Start
2. Read P, N, R
3. SI=(PNR)/100 Read P, N, R
4. Print SI
5. Stop
SI = (P*N*R)/100

Write
SI

Stop

10. Convert temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius

Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start
2. Initialize F = 0, C = 0
3. Read F
4. C = (F-32) * 5/9
5. Write C
6. Stop

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11. Draw a flowchart for computing factorial N, where N! = 1 * 2 * 3 * …… N
Algorithm Flowchart Program

Start
1. Start
2. Read N
3. Initialize F =1, i = 1
Read N
4. F = F * i;
5. Increment i by 1
6. Repeat step 4 & 5 until i = N
F=1
7. Print F i=1
8. Stop

F=F*i

i=i+1 No Is
i = N?

Yes

Write F

Stop

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12. Find the Sum of First Five Natural Numbers

Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start
2. Initialize count = 0, sum = 0
3. count = count + 1
4. sum = sum + count
5. Repeat steps 3,4 until count > 5
6. Print sum
7. Stop

13. Calculating sum of integers 1 to 100

Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start
2. Initialize count i = 1, sum = 0 Start
3. sum = sum + i
4. Increment i by 1
i=1
5. Repeat steps 3 & 4 until i > 100 sum = 0
6. Print sum
7. Stop
sum = sum + i

i=i+1

No Is
i>100?

Yes
Write
sum

Stop

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14. To find the sum of n natural Numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start
2. Read n
3. count=0
4. sum=0
5. count = count + 1
6. sum = sum + count
7. Repeat steps 5 & 6 until
count > n
8. Print sum
9. Stop

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15. Sum of squares of n natural numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program

Start
1. Start
2. Read n
3. i = 0, sum = 0
Read n
4. i=i+1
5. sum = sum + (i*i)
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until i > n
i=0
7. Print sum sum = 0
8. Stop

i=i+1
sum = sum + (i*i)

No Is
i>n

Yes
Write
sum

Stop

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16. To find the sum of all even numbers up to ‘n’

Algorithm Flowchart Program

Start
1. Start
2. Read n
3. count=0 READ n
4. sum=0
5. count = count + 2
6. sum = sum + count count = 0
7. Repeat steps 5 & 6 until count ≤ n sum = 0
8. Print sum
9. Stop
count = count+ 2

sum = sum + count

No Is
count ≤ n

Yes
Write
sum

Stop

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17. To find Product of numbers up to N

Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start Start
2. Read n
3. count i = 1
4. product = 1 READ n
5. product=count*product
6. count = count + 1
7. Repeat steps 5,6 until count ≤ N count i = 1
8. Print product product = 1
9. Stop

count = count + 1
product = product*count

Is
count ≤ n

No

Yes
Write
product

Stop

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18. Sum of first 50 odd numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program

1. Start
2. sum=0, n = 1
3. sum=sum + n
4. n=n+2
5. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until
n ≤ 99
6. Print sum
7. Stop

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