Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.

___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–VI(NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2022
Subject Code:3161910 Date:13-12-2022
Subject Name:Applied Thermodynamics
Tim[Link] PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.
5. Students can use Steam tables and P-H chart(R-717).
MARKS
Q.1 (a) Define 1)Dry bulb temperature 2)Wet bulb temperature 3)Dew point 03
temperature
(b) Explain Compressibility Chart and Compressibility Factor with neat 04
Sketch.
Explain
(c) What Compressibility
is Psychometric Chart
chart? and Compressibility
Explain Factor
the measurement of with
different 07
neat on
lines Sketch.
it.
Explain Compressibility Chart and Compressibility Factor with neat
Q.2 (a) State
[Link] Dalton’s law of partial pressure. 03
(b) Differentiate Between Vapour Compression System and Vapour 04
Absorption System.
(c) What are desirable characteristics of refrigerant? Explain how 07
refrigerants are designated.
OR
(c) Explain Vander Waal’s Equation of State. Derive an expression for 07
Evaluation of Constant ‘a’ and ‘b’

Q.3 (a) Justify the need for multistaging. 03

(b) Explain Li-Br Vapour Absorption System. 04
(c) Explain Thermodynamic , Physical and Chemical Properties of 07
Refrigerants
OR
Q.3 (a) Differentiate Centrifugal and Axial Flow Compressor. 03
(b) Explain the phenomenon of surging and choking in centrifugal 04
Compressor.
(c) An ammonia compound compression of refrigeration system consists 07
of two evaporators of capacities 20TR at
-100C, and10TR at [Link] leaving the evaporators are dry
and saturated. The condenser temperature is [Link] system is
provided with multiple expansion valves and flash intercooler.
Calculate 1) mass of refrigerant passing through each compressor, and
2) COP of the system.

Q.4 (a) Explain with neat sketch Catalytic Converter used in SI Engines 03
(b) Write short note on “Heat balance sheet”. 04

1
 (c) A single cylinder, four stroke gas engine has bore and stroke are 07
225mm and 325mm respectively. the clearance volume is 1.8ltrs. The
gas consumption is 12.1 m3 /hr when the engine runs at 500rpm with
imep 700KN/m2 .The calorific value of fuel is 40,000kJ/m3 .Find :
indicated power, thermal efficiency, air standard efficiency, relative
efficiency, take
ϒ=1.4.
OR
Q.4 (a) Explain Exhaust Gas Recirculation System with neat Sketch. 03
(b) What are the different Losses in Actual Cycle? Explain any two with 04
neat sketch.
(c) Define Following terms related with engine. 07
1. Indicated power
2. Brake power
3. Friction power
4. Mechanical efficiency
5. Thermal efficiency
6. Volumetric efficiency
7. Brake specific fuel consumption.

Q.5 (a) Define compressible and incompressible flow. 03

(b) What is the effect of clearance on the performance of air compressor? 04
(c) Derive an expression for velocity of sound in usual notations as 07
𝒅𝑷
C=√𝒅𝝆 .
OR
Q.5 (a) Give a Comparison between Air- Standard Cycle, Fuel- Air Cycle and 03
Actual Cycle.
(b) Explain Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) and Global Warning 04
Potential (GWP).
(c) What are the stagnation Properties? Derive an equation for Stagnation 07
Pressure and Stagnation Density.

*************

2
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–VI (NEW) EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2023
Subject Code:3161910 Date:04-07-2023
Subject Name:Applied Thermodynamics
Tim[Link] AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.
5. Use of steam table is allowed.

MARKS
Q.1 (a) State the assumptions to be made for fuel-air cycle analysis. 03
(b) Define the following (i) Relative Humidity (ii) wet bulb depression (iii) 04
Dew point temperature (iv) saturated air
(c) What are the needs of multi-staging? Derive the equation of work done 07
on air for multi-stage reciprocating air compressor.

Q.2 (a) Define engine. What are the main objectives of IC engine testing? 03
(b) Explain designation system of refrigerants. 04
(c) Explain Vander Waal’s Equation of State. Derive an expression for 07
Evaluation of Constant ‘a’ and ‘b’.
OR
(c) 1 kg of oxygen occupies a volume of 0.25 m3/kg at 330 K is subjected 07
to isothermal expansion process tillit's volume becomes 0.75 m3/kg.
Assuming that the gas obey Vanderwall’s gas equation, find the final
pressure of the gas and the work done during the process. Assume
Vanderwall’s gas constant as : a = 138000 Nm4 /(kgmol)2 , b = 0.0318
m3/ kgmol

Q.3 (a) Explain sensible cooling process. 03

(b) In an absorption system heating cooling and refrigeration takes place at 04
temperature of 115 oC 30 oC and -20 oC respectively find theoretical
COP of the system. If the generator temperature increased to 200 oC
and evaporator temperature decreased to -40 oC, find the % change in
COP of system.
(c) Explain working of two stage compression with liquid intercooler with 07
neat sketch and p-h diagram.
OR
Q.3 (a) Explain Global warming potential of refrigerants. 03
(b) What are secondary refrigerants? State advantages of secondary 04
refrigerants.
(c) Atmospheric air at 101.325 kPa has 30o C DBT and 15oC DPT. Without 07
using psychrometric chart calculate partial pressure of air and vapour,
specific humidity, relative humidity,vapour density and enthalpy of
moist air.

1
Q.4 (a) Differentiate Centrifugal and Axial Flow Compressor 03
(b) Explain dissociation loss and its effect on maximum temperature and 04
pressure of the cycle.
(c) Derive an Expression for Velocity of Sound Wave in Compressible 07
Fluid Flow and also Express in terms of Bulk Modulus.
OR
Q.4 (a) Define zone of action, zone of silence and mach cone. 03
(b) Explain time loss, spark timing loss and heat loss in actual cycle. 04
(c) In a diesel cycle, air at the beginning of compression is 1 bar and 50oC. 07
The air-fuel ratio is 25:1 and compression ratio is 15. Assuming Cv =
0.71 + 21 x 10-5T and law of compression is pv1.35 = constant. Calculate
the % stroke at which combustion is completed. Take calorific value of
fuel as 44000 kJ/kg and R= 287 J/kg-K.

Q.5 (a) Explain working of catalytic converter. 03

(b) Write short note on variable compression ratio engine. 04
(c) The following observations were recorded from test on a single cylinder 07
four stroke oil engine having following parameters : cylinder bore =
150 mm, engine stroke = 250 mm, engine speed = 420 rpm, brake
torque = 217 N-m, fuel consumption = 2.95 kg/h, calorific value of fuel
= 44000 kJ/kg, cooling water flow rate = 0.068 kg/s, cooling water
temperature rise = 45 K, specific heat capacity of cooling water = 4.18
kJ/ kg-K, mean effective pressure = 7.5 bar, calculate (i) mechanical
efficiency (ii) brake thermal efficiency (iii) specific fuel consumption
(iv) draw heat balance sheet.
OR
Q.5 (a) What are the major pollutants emitted from diesel engine? 03
(b) State and explain losses in centrifugal compressor. 04
(c) For a multistage axial flow compressor, initial state of air is 1 bar, 30oC 07
and final state is 6 bar, 300 oC. Calculate the overall isentropic and
polytropic [Link] the actual temperature rise per stage is 16
o
C, calculate the number of stages required , assuming polytropic
efficiency as the stage efficiency.

2
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–VI (NEW) EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2022
Subject Code:3161910 Date:01/06/2022
Subject Name:Applied Thermodynamics
Tim[Link] AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.

MARKS
Q.1 (a) Explain Dalton’s law of partial pressure. How evaporation happens 03
in atmosphere?
(b) Define the following terms: (a) Stagnation temperature (b) 04
Stagnation velocity of sound (c) Mach number (d) Stagnation
Pressure
(c) Briefly explain the following with p-V diagram 07
(i) Time loss factor
(ii) Heat loss factor
(iii) Exhaust blowdown factor

Q.2 (a) How ODP and GWP does affect refrigerant selection? 03
(b) Explain in brief reduced properties of gas and critical 04
compressibility factor.
(c) What is the effect of compressibility on Mach number? Prove for 07
ϒ =1.4
𝑃𝑂 − 𝑃 𝑀2 𝑀4
=1+ + +. . . . . . . . . ..
1 2 4 40
𝜌𝑉
2
OR
(c) Derive the following from one dimensional steady flow energy 07
equation and also explain various regions of flow based on it:
𝑎2 𝑉2 𝑎𝑜2 2
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑎∗2 𝛾 + 1
+ = = = = ℎ𝑜
𝛾−1 2 𝛾−1 2 2 𝛾 −1
Q.3 (a) Define refrigerant for Vapor Compression Refrigeration (VCR) 03
cycle and list desirable properties of good refrigerant.
(b) Define the following: 04
(i) Absolute humidity
(ii) Dry bulb temperature
(iii) Dew point temperature
(iv) Wet bulb temperature
(c) Explain with neat sketch flash intercooling. What are the 07
advantages of it?
OR
Q.3 (a) How will you assign number to the refrigerants: Dichloro difluoro 03
methane and dichloro tetra fluoro ethane?

1
 (b) Explain humidification and dehumidification process with the help 04
of psychrometric charts.
(c) Explain working of Li-Br vapour absorption refrigeration system 07
with neat sketch.
Q.4 (a) Difference between Euro norms and Bharat stage norms. 03
(b) How do the specific heat vary with temperature? What is the 04
physical explanation for this variation?
(c) A four cylinder engine running at 1200 rpm delivers 20 kW. The 07
average torque when one cylinder was cut is 110 Nm. Find the
indicated thermal efficiency if the calorific value of the fuel is 43
MJ/kg and the engine uses 360 grams of gasoline per kWh.
OR
Q.4 (a) Define (1) Thermal efficiency (2) Indicated power (3) Mechanical 03
efficiency.
(b) What is the difference between air standard cycle and fuel-air cycle 04
analysis?
(c) A six cylinder, gasoline engine operates on the four stroke cycle. 07
The bore of each cylinder is 80mm and the stroke 100 mm. the
clearance volume per cylinder is 70 cc. at a speed of 4000 rpm the
fuel consumption is 20 kg/h and the torque developed is 150 Nm.
Calculate (i) the brake power (ii) brake mean effective pressure (iii)
brake thermal efficiency if the calorific value of the fuel is 43000
kJ/kg.
Q.5 (a) Explain effect of pre- whirl in centrifugal compressor. 03
(b) Explain the phenomenon of surging and stalling in an axial flow 04
compressor.
(c) Show that for a two-stage reciprocating air compressor with 07
complete intercooling the total work of compression becomes
minimum when the pressure ratio in each stage is equal.
OR
Q.5 (a) What do you mean by life and drag? 03
(b) Explains the Influence of inlet and outlet blade angles on the 04
performance of centrifugal compressor.
(c) With usual notations derive an expression for indicated work of 07
reciprocating air compressor by considering clearance.

*************

2
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER– VI (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2021
Subject Code:3161910 Date:24/11/2021
Subject Name:Applied Thermodynamics
Tim[Link] AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.
5. Use of Refrigeration Air-Conditioning charts and Steam tables is permitted.

Q.1 (a) Explain Compressibility Chart and Compressibility Factor with neat 03
Sketch.
(b) Define the Following Psychometric Terms: 04
(i) Degree of Saturation (ii) DPT (iii) DBT (iv) RH
(c) Write Short note on: (i) Surging (ii) Choking related in Centrifugal 07
Compressor.
Q.2 (a) Give a Difference Between Vapour Compression System and Vapour 03
Absorption System.
(b) A Sling Thermometer reads 40oC DBT and 28oC WBT. Find the 04
Following:
(i) Specific Humidity (ii) Relative Humidity (iii) Dew Point Temperature
(iv) Vapour Density
(c) Explain Vander Waal’s Equation of State. Derive an expression for 07
Evaluation of Constant ‘a’ and ‘b’.
OR
(c) Derive an Expression for Velocity of Sound Wave in Compressible Fluid 07
Flow and also Express in terms of Bulk Modulus.
Q.3 (a) Differentiate Centrifugal and Axial Flow Compressor. 03
(b) A Projectile Travels in Air of Pressure 15 N/cm2 at 10oC, at Speed of 1500 04
km/hr. Find the Match Number and Mach Angle.
Assume R = 287 J/kg K , γ = 1.4 .
(c) What are the Assumptions in Fuel – Air Cycles? Explain Effect of 07
Variation of Specific Heats and Dissociation Losses on analysis of Fuel –
Air Cycle.
OR
Q.3 (a) Explain with Neat Sketch Practical Vapour Absorption System. 03
(b) Explain Propagation of Pressure Waves Distribution in a Compressible 04
Fluid with neat Sketch.
(c) Following data are collected from a 4- Stroke single cylinder oil engine at 07
full load. Bore = 200 mm, Stroke = 280 mm, Speed = 300 rpm, indicated
mean effective pressure = 5.6 bar, torque on the brake drum = 250 Nm,
oil consumed = 4.2 kg/hr, calorific value of oil = 41000 KJ/kg. Determine
mechanical efficiency , indicated thermal efficiency and brake thermal
efficiency.

1
Q.4 (a) Explain Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures. 03
(b) What are the different Losses in Actual Cycle? Explain any two with neat 04
sketch.
(c) Explain Thermodynamic , Physical and Chemical Properties of 07
Refrigerants.
OR
Q.4 (a) Explain Exhaust Gas Recirculation System with neat Sketch. 03
(b) A VCR uses methyl chloride (R-40) and operates between temp. limits of 04
-10oC and 45oC at the entry of compressor the refrigerant is dry saturated
and after compression it acquires a temp of 70oC. Find COP of
Refrigerator.
Sat. Temp. Enthalpy (kJ/kg) Entropy (kJ/kg K)
o
( C) Liquid Vapour Liquid Vapour
-10 45.4 460.7 0.183 1.637
45 133 483.6 0.485 1.587
(c) What is Psychometric chart? Explain the measurement of different lines 07
on it.
Q.5 (a) Explain with neat sketch Catalytic Converter used in SI Engines. 03
(b) Explain Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) and Global Warning Potential 04
(GWP).
(c) Explain with neat Sketch Effect of Impeller Blade Shape on Performance 07
in Centrifugal Compressor.
OR
Q.5 (a) Give a Comparison between Air- Standard Cycle , Fuel- Air Cycle and 03
Actual Cycle.
(b) Explain Li-Br Vapour Absorption System. 04
(c) What are the stagnation Properties? Derive an equation for Stagnation 07
Pressure and Stagnation Density.

*************

2
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–VI (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2023
Subject Code:3161910 Date:02-12-2023
Subject Name:Applied Thermodynamics
Tim[Link] PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.

MARKS
Q.1 (a) Define Avogadro’s law, equation of state, Indicated Power. 03
(b) Define Mach Number and state its significance in compressible 04
fluid flow.
(c) Derive the Vander walls equation. 07

Q.2 (a) What are the different regions of compressible flow? 03

(b) Define Mach cone, Mach angle, zone of action and zone of 04
silence.
(c) Explain Fundamental equations for compressible flow. 07
OR
(c) Differentiate between centrifugal and axial flow air 07
compressor.
Q.3 (a) What is Psychometry? Define sensible heat factor. 03
(b) Explain Dalton’s law of partial pressure. How evaporation 04
happens in atmosphere?
(c) Explain chemical and dehumidification with neat sketch. 07
OR
Q.3 (a) Discuss briefly secondary refrigerants. 03
(b) Explain properties of moist air. 04
(c) Explain the cooling and dehumidification with neat sketch. 07
Q.4 (a) Define. Brake power, Friction Power, Brake specific fuel 03
consumption.
(b) Write short note on “Heat Balance Sheet”. 04
(c) What is variable compression Ratio (VCR) engine? Explain 07
methods of obtaining VCR and performance of VCR engine.
OR
Q.4 (a) Write down Bharat stages of emission norms. 03
(b) Define EURO and INDIAN (Bharat) norms. 04
(c) What is catalytic converter? Describe with neat sketch the 07
catalytic converter for exhaust emission control for SI engine.
Q.5 (a) Define the phenomenon of surging and choking in centrifugal 03
compressor.
 (b) State the important use of compressed air for engineering 04
purposes.
(c) With a suitable sketch explain the working principle of an axial 07
flow compressor. What is meant by a stage and explain the
stage velocity triangles.
OR
Q.5 (a) What is centrifugal compressor and what are it advantages? 03
(b) What are the various losses occurring in a centrifugal 04
compressor?
(c) Explain with a neat sketch the construction and working of a 07
single stage single acting reciprocating air compressor.

*************