Advanced 3D Viewer Guide

HRS10.2
Table of Contents

1. HRS10.2 vs HRS10.1
2. Known Limitations
3. Advanced 3D Viewer Overview
4. Exercise 1: Set-up Project
5. Exercise 2: Advanced 3D Visualization
6. Exercise 3: RGB Blend
7. Exercise 4: Visualize GeoSI Results
8. Exercise 5: Connectivity Analysis
9. Exercise 6: Visualize Fracture Density

2 November 2016
 Differences Between HRS10.2 and HRS10.1

• When importing seismic data into HRS10.2, only volumes and seismic files
which are not part of a volume will appear in the Volume selection tab. After
selecting the Volume, the sub volumes appear in the Data tab.

• HRS10.2 is not backwards compatible HRS10.1. Projects created in HRS10.2

should not be opened in HRS10.1, otherwise it will cause a crash.

• Projects created in HRS10.1 will work with HRS10.2.

3 November 2016
 Known Limitations
• A “Professional” series of graphic boards is recommended.

4 January 2016
 Known Limitations

• The Advanced 3D Viewer will not work with Exceed. The vendor
recommends using the remote viewing tool VNC (www.realvnc.com).

• The color key which is set for a seismic display in GeoView will not be
remembered when displayed in the A3D Viewer. Users will be required to set
up the color key again.

• Horizon amplitudes will not be displayed if the horizon was imported into the
project. Horizon amplitudes are extracted from the seismic volume that the
horizon was picked on within GeoView.

• All three RGB volumes must be loaded.

• All three RGB volumes must have the same time extents.

• RGB only blends the maximum values, multiply by (-1) to blend the minimum
values.

• Focus on an area of interest instead of the entire survey. Volumes greater

than 100GB can cause sluggishness.

5 November 2016
 Known Limitations

• If space is an issue or if the existing LDM files are no longer required, they
can be deleted from the Seismic Data Manager within Geoview. If after
deleting the files:

 There are random crashes within the A3D Viewer.

 Progressive rendering plots do not look correct.
 LDM files which were deleted appear in the input tabs.

Then a possible reason may be that not all of the selected LDM files were
deleted. The LDM files reside in the:

\*.prj\brick.dir \*.prj\Seismic.dir

Ensure that all the selected LDM files which were supposed to be deleted
are in fact no longer in the directories. If the problems persist, go to Seismic
Data Manager and select “Restore seismic list within project”

6 November 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

View 3D vs Advanced 3D Viewer (A3D Viewer)

View3D Advanced 3D Viewer

Basic types (Wells, horizon, Yes Yes

Volume)
Large Data Volume No Yes LDM volume can be used
with HRS native program.

Multiple 3D Windows No Yes

Fracture(Glyph)Analysis (ProAz) Yes (limited – Yes

old) support Uncertainty volume,
on the fly data extraction along
a surface, 10.1

RGB(A) No Yes Alpha Volume support

available in (10.1)

Geobody extraction (connectivity No Yes

analysis)
Stratigraphic Grid No Yes GeoSI

7 January 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

Licensing

You need the HRS-advanced-3D-viewer

license to run the 3D viewer plugin.

8 January 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

Basic Controls

9 January 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

Basic Controls(cont’d)
You can bring up the quick help reference
by clicking Quick Help under the Help
menu for the A3D Viewer.

10 January 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

Basic Controls(cont’d)
General Controls

To bring up the general controls for the

viewer, right click in any empty space
within the viewer to bring up the menu,
and select Options.

You can control the background color, Z

scaling (domain scaling), etc., on this
menu.

11 January 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

Data Loading from GeoView:

1. Drag & Drop.
2. Select from the Processes
menu.
12 January 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

General Controls

13 January 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

Object
Properties
Controls
Example:

By loading in, by Drag

and Drop, 2 wells –
Well1 and Well2.

14 January 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

Object
Properties
Controls
These loaded wells are
listed inside the Layer
Explorer.

15 January 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

Object Properties
Controls
The checkboxes indicates the visibility
(checked = shown)

The top level of the tree controls the visibility

of the item type, in this case Well types.
Uncheck this box to hide all the wells from the
view.

You can control individual item by checking

and unchecking the tick mark besides the
item.

Unload Items

To unload any items, highlight the item name,

right click on the mouse and select Unload.

16 Example style for optional footer January 2016

Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

View
Parameters

Click the item name within

the Layer Explorer to bring
up the View Parameter menu
for the individual item.

17 January 2016
Advanced 3D Viewer Overview

Support Data Types

 Well

 Seismic (Post stack)

 Horizon

 Inversion Grid (GeoSI)

 Fracture (2 Volumes)

 RGB Volume(3 Volumes)

 LithoSI Facies and Probability

18 January 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project

The A3DViewer Guide data

and project is available on a
Zip file.

Double-click the file and

choose :

• Unzip

19 November 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project

The
A3DV_Guide
will use a
portion of the
Leleptian 3D
data set.

Location: South of Australia (Cooper Basin)

Reservoir Depth: 8500-10,200 ft.
Reservoir Sands: Patchawarra & Tirrawarra Formations.
Production: Gas and Liquids

20 November 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project

The cut-out of the

Leleptian 3D is
indicated in RED
and covers three
fields. The Andree,
Leleptian and the
Kanawana field.

21 November 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project

 Andree - Leleptian field:

– Gas producing from Patchawarra formation only.

 Kanawana field:
– Gas producing from Patchawarra and Tirrawarra formations.
– Upper Patchawarra: highly-permeable, liquid-rich gas sand.
– Lower Patchawarra: tight sand.

22 November 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project
Patchawarra and Tirrawarra formations:
– Main producing sands: middle of Patchawarra fm., above VC50 coal marker.
– Main producing sands: Top of Tirrawarra fm., below XU00 marker.

Patchawarra
Sand

Tirrawarra
Sand

23 November 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project

Well_L4

Patchawarra formation
Gas
Sand

Wet
Sand

Tirrawarra formation Shale

Coal

24 November 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project

Open the Start tab. In the

Projects tab, choose the option
to Find Project.

Navigate to the directory which

the projects were unzipped and
select the A3DViewer_Guide.prj
project.

25 November 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project

The Project Data tab in the

Project Manager indicates the
different types of data which
are available.

Select the Well tab to view the

available wells. Well_L4 is set
as a favorite well.

Select the SI Model tab to

view the exported GeoSI
volumes.
26 November 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project

Select the Seismic tab to view

the available Seismic or Seg-y
data.

The Seismic and the SI Model

tab contains duplicate volume
types. This is because GeoSI
exports the Model (by layers)
and the Seg-y (by sample
rate) volumes.

Highlight cdp_stack, right-click

and select Display selected in
Seismic Window.

27 November 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project

The seismic volume cdp_stack

appears.

Select the Inline for Well_L4 by

toggling the triangle next to the well
symbol.
Patchawarra Zone:
Top of Sand 2 overlies
Change the color key to Blue to Red a thick coal.

by right clicking on the color key and

choose “Modify Color Scheme”.
Tirrawarra Zone:
Select “Modify Range”. Toggle off High Porosity Zone
creates an “Eyeball
“Standardized Color Key”. Change Anomaly”

the scale to +3 to -3.

Select “Reverse Color”

28 November 2016
 Exercise 1 Set-up the Project
The time structure and Data Slice for the Tirrawarra Zone is shown below.
Stochastic Inversion (GeoSI) and Connectivity (LithoSI) results will be
used to enhance the interpreted gas sand distribution through the
Advanced 3D Viewer.

Horizon_8 (XU00) Time Structure Data Slice at High Porosity Zone

Well_L4 Well_L4

End of Exercise 1
29 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

This exercise will demonstrate:

1. How to load various data sets (seismic and inversion, well and
horizon)
2. The various 3D Viewer windows
3. How to resize and move objects and windows.
4. Various options, including transparency, volumes, sub volumes
and chairs, well logs and tops, and horizons (TWT, Amplitude and
Volume Data).

30 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Access the Advanced 3D

Visualization program through the
following processes:

• Azimuthal AVO (ProAZ)

• Facies Classification (LithoSI)
• Stochastic Inversion (GeoSI)
• Plugin

Click the Window Menu Tab at the top,

and choose Advanced 3D Visualization.

31 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

After the Advanced 3D

Visualization tab
appears, close the Project
Manager to create more
space for the
Visualization tab.

32 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
The Visualization tab consists of three separate areas. An Object
Input section, the Viewer and the Layers Explorer window ( with View
Data and View Parameters).

Viewer

Visualization tab
Layers
Explorer
(View Data
&
View
Object
Parameters)
Input

33 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Within the Object Input section

are three menu options:

• File
• Panels
• Help

The File option allows you to:

• Load a previously saved

session.
• Save a current session.
• Switch to a Full Screen.
• Set the Window Title.
• Take a Snapshot.
• Print the display.
• Exit, closing the tab.

34 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

The Panels option lets you control

whether the following windows or
tabs are available:

• Layer Explorer
• Seismic Volumes Selection
• Inversion Grids Selection.
• Fracture Display Selection.
• RGB Blending.
• Horizon Selection.
• Wells Selection
• View Parameters
• Misc

To bring up a tab, simply toggle

the required item on the list so the
check mark appears.

35 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

The Help option opens the Quick

Help window.

The Quick Help window lists the

keyboard and mouse actions (the
Hot Keys) for the Basic Controls.

To open the Quick Help window,

select Quick Help in the Help
menu.

It appears as a small window

below the Help option. To view
the full menu, resize this window.

36 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Re-sizing the Window
Place the cursor on the boundary of the window. When the Re-size Window
Cursor ( , ) appears, click the left mouse button and drag the cursor to
re-size the width or height of the window. This action will re-size all of the
windows within the Visualization tab.

37 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Basic Controls
The Quick Help window contains
a list of keyboard and mouse
actions (Hot Keys) to perform
Basic Controls.

Exercise 2 describes these Basic

Controls and Hot Keys further.

Close the Quick Help Menu by

selecting the “X” in the upper right
corner of the window.

38 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Toggle the Seismic Volumes Tab (in the Object section), select cdp_stack and press
Enter. A pop-up window will appear requesting to convert the volume to LDM format.
Select Yes . The status of the operation will appear in the Misc section, located at the
bottom of the Visualization window. After the volume is loaded, the volume cdp_stack
appears in the Layers Explorer.

Data Input Window

39 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
You can load objects by dragging and dropping them into the Viewer window.

Viewer
Window

*Subvolumes and files associated with Volumes cannot be dragged in.*

40 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

LDM files can be found in the following directories:

Workshop.prj\brick.dir
Workshop.prj\seismic.dir

To delete a LDM file from the Seismic Data Explorer, ensure the corresponding file is
also deleted in the brick.dir and the Seismic.dir directories. A corrupted file directory
may be fixed by selecting Restore seismic list within a project from the Options menu.
41 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

The cdp_stack volume appears in the Viewer Window. The plot is loaded into the Viewer
as a Top View (or Birds Eye) view looking straight down. The domain slice is the dominant
object with the inline and crosslines appearing as lines. On either side of the Viewer
window are toolbars.

Xline
Random Layer
Section & Control
Perspective toolbar
toolbar

Domain
Inline Slice

42 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Random Section Start Fence Picking.

and Perspective Finish Fence Picking.
Buttons Cancel Fence Picking.
Home: Oblique View.
View from Top.
View Inline Plane.
View Reversed Inline Plane (Opposite Side).
View Crossline Plane.
View Reversed Xline Plane (Opposite Side).
View from South.
View from North.
View from West.
View from East.

43 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Layer Control Buttons

Change Inline, crossline or domain. This function is also

used for volume, sub-volume and fence section.

Rotate, zoom and change position of Layer.

Help.

Return to default (Top View) or current set position.

Set current position or zoom on screen as home.

Fit to View.

Zoom in at the cursor.

Change perspective.

44 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Controlling the Inline, Crossline and Domain of the Layer

• Select the Arrow button on

the right side of the Viewer
window.
• A 3D axis cursor
appears. Place
the cursor on either the
inline, crossline or domain
slice.
• Press and hold the left
mouse button, drag the
cursor and the selected
slice will change.
• Exit this mode by clicking
the Hand button.
Layer Control buttons

45 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Controlling the Position and Appearance of the Layer

• Select the Hand button.

• The cursor will change to
the hand symbol.

• Hold the left mouse button

and drag to rotate the
volume.

• Release the left mouse

button and rotate the wheel
scroll to zoom in and out.

• Press and hold the wheel

scroll and drag the cursor.
You can move the plot up, Layer Control buttons
down, left or right.

46 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Zoom to a Selected Position

• Click the Zoom button.

• The cursor will change to

the zoom symbol.

• Place the cursor on the

area of interest.

• Press the left mouse button

and the plot will zoom to
the area of interest. As long
as the zoom symbol
is present, you can
continuously move the
cursor and zoom in. Layer Control Buttons

47 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Select the Wells Selection tab and click the well icon. Select Well_A4 and then Add Well.
Repeat for Well_K7, Well_L4 and Well_Y1 in the project. The selected wells will now
appear in the Layers Explorer.

48 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Open the General Options menu by right-clicking the mouse button in the Viewer window. To
close this menu, left click.

Toggle Axes Annotations off. This will reduce the time it takes to redraw the Viewer window.

General Options

49 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
The Layer View Parameters can be accessed by You can also access the Layer
choosing Options. It will appear below the Layers View Parameters by clicking on
Explorer window. the desired data in View Data in
the Layer Explorer section.
Viewer Window General Options
Toggle cdp_stack(LDM).

50 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Transparency
Change the limits of the color key to -2.5 to + 2.5.
Use the color key to set the transparency of the selected object. Place the
cursor on the color key. A pop-up window appears describing how the Hot
Keys work.

51 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Setting a Constant Transparency

1. Place the cursor on the slider next to the

color key and drag the triangle down.
2. Or place the cursor within the color key,
hold the <Shift> key, click and hold the left
mouse button. Drag the cursor down.

52 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Setting a Linear Transparency
Place the cursor within the color key and hold the <Crtl> key down, click the left mouse
button and drag the cursor up or down. A triangular transparency shape appears.
While still holding the <Crtl> key and the left mouse button down, drag the cursor to
another portion of the color key. The transparency shape will pivot around the cursor.

53 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Snap Transparency in steps of 20%
Place the cursor on the bottom left side of the color key and hold the <Crtl> and
<Shift> keys down. Click the left mouse button and drag the cursor to follow the shape
of the histogram. The transparency will change by 20% as the cursor goes up and
down.

54 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Free Hand Transparency

• Place the cursor within the
bottom of the color key.
• Hold the left mouse button
down and drag the cursor
left.
• A rectangular transparency
shape appears.

55 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Free Hand Transparency

• Drag the cursor upward at an
angle.
• The transparency shape
follows the path of the cursor.
• Drag the cursor to the right
(over the transparency
shape).
• Moving the cursor over the
transparency “erases” the
shape.

56 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Free Hand Transparency

Various percentages of transparency
can be created with the free hand
option.

57 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

A transparency setting can be deleted by sliding the triangle (on the right side
of the color key) down and then back up.

58 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

View Parameters Window

The View Parameters window

appears below the Layers
Explorer window.

The options which are available for

seismic volumes are:

1. Amplitude range and Color Key

Control.

2. Display Slice Control.

3. Volume and Subvolume

Control.

59 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Amplitude and Color Key Control

Click the Palette above the color key.

Change the color key to Blue to Red.

Set the minimum and maximum

values to -4.5 and +4.5.

Select Flip to flip the color key.

60
November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Display Slice Control

Change the Inline to 2413, Crossline to 1094 and the Domain to 2124. Toggle the
“lock” symbol for the Inline and crossline. The symbol changes to an “unlock” symbol.
Unlocking the Inline and Crossline allows them to be plotted independently of other
volumes.

Use the slider or type the value

to changes the slices.

61 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Display Slice Control

Turn Horizon Slice on and select horizon Horizon_1. Although no horizons have been
loaded in the Object window, all available horizons in the project can be used. A
horizon slice (amplitudes from the volume at the H2 time) now appears. The horizon
slice may be shifted up or down by toggling the Offset parameter.

62 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

General Control

Select the General tab in View

Parameters.

Change the Z Scaling to 10.

Use the Wheel Scroll to zoom in and re-

position the plot. (hold the Wheel Scroll
down and drag to re-position).
63 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Volume Control

Select the View Parameters option for the

cdp_stack(LDM) Volume.

Select Display Volume.

Open the pull-down menu below Display

Volume.

A variety of display options are available.

After comparing the various display types,

select Volume Skin.

64 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Volume Control

Various Display Volumes

Volume Skin Volume Rendering Lighted Volume Iso Surface

65 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Transparency can be applied to the Volume to
highlight a range of amplitudes. This results in a
“Tile” effect.

Select Volume Voxelized as the Display Volume.

Experiment with the Transparency setting.

Adjust
Transparency

66 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Sub Volume Control
• Select Sub Volume and turn off Bounding Box (for clarity) at the bottom of the View
Parameters window.

• The Sub Volume can be displayed either as a Volume or as Slices.

• Turn off Display Volume to display the Sub Volume as slices.

SubVolume: Volume SubVolume: Slices

67 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Resizing the Sub Volume
Select the Arrow button.

Place the 3D cursor on one of the green highlighted vertices.

Press and hold the left mouse button, and drag the cursor. The extents of the
SubVolume will change. Each vertex controls a different extent.

The 3D cursor remains at the original location until you release the mouse button.

68 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Moving the Sub Volume

• Select the Arrow button.

• The 3D cursor should appear.

• Place the cursor on one of the

“faces” of the SubVolume.

• Press and hold the left mouse button

and drag the cursor. Drag the
SubVolume to the desired location.

• The 3D cursor remains at the

original location until you release the
mouse button.

• Select the Hand button when you

have finished editing the position.

Original position of Sub Volume

69 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Chair Display

The Sub Volume can be displayed as

a “Chair Display”.

• Change SubVolume to Chair.

70 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Resizing the Chair

• Select the Arrow button.

• Place the 3D cursor on one of

the green highlighted vertices.

• Press and hold the left mouse

button, and drag the cursor.
The extents of the “Chair” will
change. Each vertex controls
a different extent.

• The 3D cursor remains at the

original location until you
release the mouse button.

• Select the Hand button when

you have finished editing the
position.

71 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Sub Volume with Horizon Slice

• Turn off Display Volume.

• Select Horizon Slice.

• Select the Horizon_1 Horizon.

• Set the Inline = 2279, Xline = 10332

domain = 2124.

• Select the Arrow button and resize

the Sub Volume so that the
horizon slice and display slices are
visible. Select the Hand button.

• Toggle between Chair and

SubVolume to view the different
displays.

72 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Sub Volume with Horizon Slice Chair Display with Horizon Slice

Horizon _1 Horizon_1

73 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

View Parameters Well Data Control

Turn off Display Volume and Sub Volume.

Turn off the Display and Horizon Slices

Select the Home button and then the Hand button.

74 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
View Parameters Well Data Control

Open the Layers Explorer and toggle all the wells on.
Select Well_L4 in View Parameters.
Change the Well Color to black.
Select P-Impedance_trans for the Data Mapping.
Set the Min at 3000, Max at 14000, flip the scale.
Apply the same changes to Well_A4 and Well_K7.
Change the Well color for Well_Y1 to black.
75 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Well Data Control: Log
The Log tab contains three parameters:

Extrusion Shape: Changes the diameter of the

well bore.

Polygon Lines: Highlights the log values as a

series of polygons along the axis of the well
bore.

Ladder: Displays the log values as a 2D line.

At the bottom of the menu, Sync settings to all

well will set the settings in the selected well to
all wells.

76 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Well Data Control: Log

Extrusion Shape:
Changes the diameter of
the well bore.

The parameter can be set

with a constant or variable
radius.

The variable radius

displays a controllable
contrast between the low
and high values.

77 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Well Data Control: Log
Polygon Lines: Highlights
the log values as a series
of offset polygons along the
axis of the well bore.

The parameter can be set

with a constant or variable
radius.

The variable radius

displays a controllable
contrast between the low
and high values.
Variable Radius Constant Radius

78 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Ladder: Displays the log Well Data Control: Log
values as an offset 2D line
along the axis of the well
bore.

The parameter can be set

with a constant or variable
radius.

The variable radius displays Variable Constant Variable Constant

a controllable contrast
between the low and high
values.

The Ladder can be rotated Colored Facies Colored Lines

along the axis of the well
bore.

79 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Well Data Control: Markers

• Select the Markers tab in View Parameters.

• Markers will display the log picks from the well.

• Select Name to turn on the names of the log

picks.

• Change the rotation to -49.

• The picks will appear as discs, change the Size

to 53.5 to make the picks visible.

• Set the color for the tops and discs.

80 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Well Data Control: Derrick
• Select the Derrick tab in View Parameters.
• Change the well color for Well_L4 to green.
• Set Well_L4 to display the derrick at the MD Location.
• Set Well_L4 to display the derrick At fixed MD=1121.1m. (Derrick
appears at 1121.1m).

81 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Set the Data Parameters for Well_A4 & Well_K7 the same as Well_L4.

82 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Open the Seismic Volumes Selection

tab.

Click Add Seismic Volume.

Select the Segy_Model_prestack_SI

volume.

Select the
Segy_Model_prestack_SI_vp_vs_
GeoSISession_mean data.

Select Update

83 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Select Horizon Selection.

Select Add Horizon.

Select the Horizon_1 horizon.

Select Add Horizon again.

Select the Horizon_8 horizon.

84 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
In the Layers Explorer, turn off Volume Data and ensure that Horizon and Well Data
are selected on.

Horizon_1

Horizon_8

85 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Toggle Horizon_1 off.

Open the View Parameters for Horizon_8. Set Min = 2166, Max = 2282.

Horizon_8 : TWT

86 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Select the Data Mapping as TWT (Two Way Time).

The contours can be displayed by selecting Show Contour.

Set the number of Isovalues = 6 , Contour Annotation Font Size = 72, Gap Size = 44.

Horizon_8 : TWT

87 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Select the Data Mapping as Amplitude. Set Min = -2, Max = 1.75.

The Amplitude mapping is based on the amplitude of the volume which the horizon was
picked on. If the horizon was loaded or imported, then the volume will not have an
associated amplitude to plot.

Horizon_8 : Amplitude

88 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
The horizon can be shifted up or down by changing the Horizon Offset.

In Horizon Offset, use the slider or type in the value of 200 ms.

The horizon will shift down 200 ms.

Horizon_8 plus 200ms : Amplitude

89 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
Set the Data Mapping as Volume_Data. Volume_Data will create a horizon slice through
a selected volume.
Select the Segy_Model_prestack_SI_vp_vs_GeoSISession_mean Input Volume .
Select Update.
Change the Palette to AVO Envelope, Flip, Min = 1.5, Max=1.7, set Horizon Offset=1ms.

Horizon_8

90 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization
The horizon slice can be shifted up or down by changing the Horizon Offset.

In Horizon Offset, use the slider or type in the value of 20 ms.

The horizon slice will shift down 20ms.

Horizon_8 plus 20ms

Tirrawarra Sand

91 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Creating a Composite Display

Various attributes will be displayed together:

• To highlight the shallow structure on the

horizon display and it’s appearance on
the 3D Inline.

• View the wells that penetrated a gas sand

and it’s associated seismic anomaly.

• View the extents of the Patchawarra gas

sand through the VsVp ratio Sub Volume.

• View the extents of the Tirrawarra sand

body through a Horizon Volume Data
Display.

92 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Display Seismic as a Single Inline

Select cdp_stack(LDM) in View

Parameters.

Set the Palette as Blue to Red and select

Flip Scale.

Change Min = -4, Max = 4.5.

Toggle off Inline and Domain.

Change Xline = 10190.

93 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Display a Volume as a Sub Volume

Select Segy_Model_GOM_SI_vp_vs_
GeoSISession_mean in View Parameters.

Select AVO Envelope as the Palette .

Change Min = 1.5, Max = 2.4.

Select Display Volume.

Choose Volume Skin.

Select SubVolume.

94 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Display Structure on a Horizon

Select Horizon_1 in View Parameters.

Change Data Mapping to TWT.

Select depth as the Palette.

Change Min = 1519, Max = 1582.

95 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Display Volume Data on a Horizon

Select Horizon_8 in Layers Explorer.

Select Data Mapping as Volume_Data.

Select
Segy_Model_prestack_SI_vp_vs_Geo
SISession_mean as the Input Volume.

Select Update.

Change the Palette to AVO Envelope,

Flip, Min = 1.35, Max=1.7, set Horizon
Offset=20ms.

96 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Move and Resize the Sub Volume

Select the Arrow button.

Place the 3D cursor on one of the green

highlighted vertices.

Press and hold the left mouse button,

and drag the cursor. The extents of the
Sub Volume will change. Each vertex
controls a different extent.

The 3D cursor remains at the original

location until you release the mouse
button.

Position the Sub Volume between 2109-

2130ms. This procedure is shown on
the next page.

97 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Move and Resize the Sub Volume

Select Well_L4 in Layers Explorer.

Select Markers.

Set Size = 201 (Maximum)

Turn on Name.

Turn off all markers except:

Top P Sand 1 & Base P Sand 2

Change the color to Black

98 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Move and Resize the Sub Volume

The top and base of Patchawarra Sand 1

and 2 appear as black discs on Well_L4.

Move the Sub Volume so that the top of

the Sub Volume is at or above the Top P
Top Marker
Sand 1 marker.

Turn the plot upside down and repeat,

move the bottom of the Sub Volume until
it is at or below the Base P Sand 2
marker.

Select the Hand button.

Turn off Well_Y1 in Layer Explorer.

99 November 2016
 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Set the Transparency

Select Segy_Model_prestack_SI_vp_vs_
GeoSISession_mean in View Parameters.

Set the transparency so that any values

>1.85 will be transparent. Place the cursor
on the lower right corner of the color key,
hold the left mouse key and drag the cursor
to 1.85.

Select Horizon_1.

Set the transparency to approximately 50%

by dragging the triangle to the right of the
color key.

100 November 2016

 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Shallow Structure
draping deep
structures.

Sub Volume of two

Patchawarra Sands
above VC50.

Horizon Volume Data

of Tirrawarra Sand
Body.

101 November 2016

 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

Open the File menu on the

Visualization window.

Select Save Session.

A pop-up window appears. Type the

name
“Exercise_2A3DV_Session”.

Click Save.

102 November 2016

 Exercise 2 Advanced 3D Visualization

We have now finished the

Advanced 3D Visualization
exercise.

Exit the project by selecting

File>Exit in the upper left
corner.

End of Exercise 2
103 November 2016
 Exercise 3 RGB Blending
RGB Blending will be used to highlight the Patchawarra Sand

104 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

GeoSI was used to create seg-y outputs for the VpVs mean, Zp mean,
Zs mean and the Gas Sand Probability.

RGB blend will be used to highlight areas where the VpVs, Zp and Zs
overlap or blend.

Gas Sand Probability will be used as an Alpha Channel. The use of the
Alpha Channel to “mask” or “display or restrict zones” will be
highlighted.

105 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

The overlap of Red, Green and Blue results in the

following overlap colors:

• Red & Green: Yellow

• Green & Blue: Cyan
• Blue & Red: Magenta
• Red, Green & Blue: White

The highest amplitude values of each RGB volume

(including all clipped values) correspond to the RGB
overlap colors.

The Alpha channel acts as a “mask”. It can be thought of as a “spatial zone” which
restricts the area which the RGB volumes can be displayed. Using transparency, the
Alpha channel restricts the RGB colors which are displayed. Only the RGB colors which
fall within the selected area of the Alpha channel will be displayed.

106 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

Limitations
• The Alpha Channel is not required, but all three RGB channels must be
selected.

• The RGB and Alpha Channels must have the same time extents.

• Only the maximum values are displayed in the mixed colors.

• Displaying the minimum values in the mixed colors can be accomplished by

multiplying the required volume by (-1).

107 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

Access the Advanced 3D

Visualization program through the
following Processes:

• Azimuthal AVO (ProAZ)

• Facies Classification (LithoSI)
• Stochastic Inversion (GeoSI)
• Plugin

Open the Processes tab and double-

click Advanced 3D Visualization under
the Plugin process.

108 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending
Toggle the Seismic Volumes Tab

Select from the Volume drop down menu

Segy_Model_prestack_SI(LDM)

The LDM file consists of the following Sub

Volumes:

Select from the Data drop down menu

“Segy…_SI_Gas_Sand_GeoSession”

Select Update.

The following 3 slides demonstrates how to

create the LDM file and is optional. Do not
load the LDM file if you wish to create one.
109 November 2016
 Exercise 3 RGB Blending Optional
Creating a LDM File with a number
of Sub Volumes (Optional).

Select from the Volume drop down menu

Segy_Model_prestack_SI

Select from the Data drop down menu

Segy_Model_prestack_SI_Gas_Sand_Geo
Session

Select Update

Select Yes to convert to LDM format.

Select Add Seismic Volume

110 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending Optional

Creating a LDM File with a number of

Sub Volumes (Optional).

Repeat selecting Segy_Model_prestack_SI

for the Volume and the required Sub Volume
for the Data selection.

111 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending Optional

Creating a LDM File with a number of

Sub Volumes (Optional).

The selected Sub Volumes are all present in

the last Volume created.

The previous Volumes can all be Unloaded

from the Session. Select the Garbage Can
Icon to remove all the unwanted Volumes.

Do not remove the last Volume.

The last LDM file now consists of all the

selected Sub Volumes.

112 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

Toggle the Wells Selection tab and select the green colored icon. This option loads all
available wells in the project. The selected wells will now appear in the Layers Explorer.

113 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

The VpVs, Gas Sand Probability and Well objects appear in the Viewer Window. The plot
is loaded into the Viewer as Top View (“Birds Eye” view looking straight down). The
domain slice is the dominant object with the inline and crosslines appearing as lines. The
objects also appear in View Data under Layers Explorer.

Only the current displayed Sub Volume is listed in the

Layers Explorer. Changing the displayed Sub Volume will
change the name appropriately.

Segy_Model_prestack_SI_Gas _Sand_GeoSISession

114 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

Open View Data under Layers Explorer and

toggle all the wells.

Select Well_A4 in View Parameters.

Change the Well Color to black.

Select VpVs_Ratio_trans in Data Mapping.

Select the AVO Envelope Palette, Set the

Min=1.25, Max =2.4 and toggle Flip.

Change the Well Radius for the Extrusion

Shape to 70.

Apply the same changes to the other wells

(Note Well_Y1 will not have a VpVs log,
select none for this well).

115 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

In Layers Explorer, toggle

“Segy…Gas_Sand_GeoSISession” on.

Select “Gas_Sand_GeoSISession” in View

Parameters

Set the Palette to density.

Set Min = 0.0, Max = 0.82.

Turn Off:
• Inline and Xline display.
• Bounding Box

Set Domain = 2109ms. (Patchawarra Sand)

116 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

In View Parameters

Select “…Ip_GeoSISession_mean”.

Set the Palette to Lithology.

Set Min = 2900, Max = 15000.

Set Domain = 2109 ms. (Patchawarra Sand)

117 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

In View Parameters

Select “…Is_GeoSISession_mean”.

Set the Palette to Lithology.

Set Min = 2000, Max = 12000.

Set Domain = 2109 ms. (Patchawarra Sand)

118 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

In View Parameters

Select “…vp_vs_GeoSISession_mean”.

Set the Palette to AVO Envelope.

Set Min = 1.25, Max = 2.4 and select Flip.

Set Domain = 2109 ms. (Patchawarra Sand)

119 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

Zp Mean Zs Mean

VpVs Mean Gas Sand

Probability

120 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

Toggle the “…_Gas_Sand_GeoSISession(LDM)” on and set the Transparency from 0-

20%.

This results in a Gas Sand Map with a minimum of 20% probability.

121 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

The RGB and Alpha Channels

Toggle the RGB Blending tab. must have the same time extents

Select GeoSI_vp_vs_Negative_mean for the

Red Channel Volume.

Select GeoSI_Ip_Negative_mean for the

Green Channel Volume.

Select GeoSI_Is_Negative_mean for the Blue

Channel Volume.

Select Segy_Model_prestack_SI for the Alpha

The Alpha Channel is not required, but
Channel and “…Gas_Sand_GeoSISession”
all three RGB channels must be
for the Data.
selected.
Click Apply.

122 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

Open Layers Explorer and toggle the

Segy volumes on under RGB
Volume.

Turn off the Volume Data.

Open View Parameters and select the

RGB Volume.

Turn off the Inline and Crossline.

Change the Domain to 2109.

123 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

Set Min = -1.85, Max = -1.5 for

the Red Channel.

Set Min = -13000, Max = -9500

for the Green Channel.

Set Min = -8000, Max = -4000 for

the Blue Channel.

Set Min = 0, Max = 1 for the

Alpha Channel.

Turn off the Green, Blue and

Alpha Channels.

Turn each RGB and Alpha

Channel on individually.

124 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending
Red Green

Each individual RGB

display represents
the mean VpVs, Zp
and Zs.

VpVs Mean Zp Mean

Blue Alpha

The Alpha Channel

represents the Gas
Sand Probability, the
range is from 0-0.8
but will be displayed
as all black.

Zs Mean Gas Sand Probability

125 November 2016
 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

The overlap of Red, Green and Blue results in

the following overlap colors:

• Red & Green: Yellow

• Green & Blue: Cyan
• Blue & Red: Magenta
• Red, Green & Blue: White

The highest amplitude values of each RGB

volume (including all clipped values)
correspond to the RGB overlap colors.

The VpVs, Zp and Zs volumes were created by multiplying the GeoSI seg-y outputs by
-1.

This gives you the ability to display the lowest VpVs ratio, Zp and Zs values as an
RGB overlap color.

126 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending
The maximum values of the three RGB volumes will mix to create yellow, cyan and
magenta. The mixed or overlapped colors represent areas where the maximum RGB
(Including clipped values) data sets overlap and are displayed with the mixed colors.

The Alpha channel acts as a “mask”. It can be thought of as a “spatial zone” which
restricts the area which the RGB volumes can be displayed. Using transparency the
Alpha channel restricts the RGB colors which are displayed. Only the RGB colors which
fall within the selected area of the Alpha channel will be displayed.

127 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

The overlapping
maximum values
result in the yellow,
cyan, magenta and
white colors.

The values which do

not overlap are in
solid Red, Green and
Blue.

128 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending
Turn off the Blue and Alpha Channels.
The Yellow color indicates where the VpVs and Zp have overlapping low negative values.

129 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending
Turn off the Green and Alpha Channels.
The Magenta color indicates where the VpVs and Zs have overlapping low negative values.

130 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending
Turn on the Red, Green, Blue and Alpha Channels.
The Yellow, Magenta, Cyan and White color indicates where the VpVs, Zp and Zs have
overlapping low negative values.

131 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending
Set the transparency for the Alpha Channel for all values < 0.4.
The lowest VpVs, Zp and Zs values which lie within the 40% Gas Sand Probability Shape
are displayed. The Alpha channel overrides the transparency for the RGB volumes.

132 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

Select File on the Visualization

window.

Select Save Session.

A pop-up window appears, type the

name
“Exercise_3_A3DV_Session”.

Click Save.

133 November 2016

 Exercise 3 RGB Blending

We have now finished the

RGB Blending exercise.

Exit the project by clicking

File>Exit in the upper left
corner.

End of Exercise 3
134 November 2016
 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results
GeoSI was used to map two Patchawarra Sands
(separated by a shale)

S
A
N
D

W
Sand 1 E
T

S
H
A
L
E
Sand 2
C
O
A
L

135 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results
Stochastic Inversion (GeoSI) was used to create the P-Impedance mean and the
Gas Sand Probability with the Leleptian data set.

GeoSI will output two types of data:

Seismic Volumes
Inversion and facies results output
in the sample rate as the input
seismic volume.

SI Model Volumes
Inversion and facies results output
on a “layer” basis. Layers are
typically at a lower sample rate
than the input seismic volume and
will therefore have higher vertical
resolution.

136 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results
Viewing the SI Model results provides higher resolution than viewing the Seismic.

Stochastic Inversion
results viewed in the
Advanced 3D
Viewer allows you to
visualize the
individual layers of
the impedance,
impedance products,
facies and probability
distributions.

137 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

The Advanced 3D Visualization

program can be accessed through the
following Processes:

• Azimuthal AVO (ProAZ)

• Facies Classification (LithoSI)
• Stochastic Inversion (GeoSI)
• Plugin

Select the Processes Tab and double-

click Visualize GeoSI Result under the
Stochastic Inversion process.

138 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

Toggle the Inversion Grids

Selection Tab and select
Model_GOM_SI.

There may be numerous data

files available in SI Model. The
default “Data” displayed will be
the P-Impedance model.

Toggle the Wells Selection Tab

and select the green colored
icon.

This option loads all available

wells in the project. The
selected wells will now appear
in the Layers Explorer.

139 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

The P-Impedance Model and

the Well objects appear in the
Viewer Window.

The plot is loaded into the

Viewer as Top View (or “Birds
Eye” view) looking straight
down.

The domain slice is the

dominant object with the inline
and crosslines appearing as
lines.

The objects also appear in

View Data under Layers
Explorer.

140 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

Open View Data under Layers Explorer and toggle all the wells.

Select Well_A4 in View Parameters.

Change the Well Color to black.

Select P-Impedance_trans for the Data Mapping.

Set the Min =3000, Max =15,000 and Select Flip.

Set the Extrusion Radius = 70.

Apply the same changes to Well_K7, Well_L4 and Well_Y1.

141 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

General Control

Select the General tab in View

Parameters.

Change the Z Scaling to 2.4.

Use the Wheel Scroll to zoom in and re-

position the plot. (hold the Wheel Scroll
down and drag to re-position).

142 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results
Open Layers Explorer and toggle Model_prestack_SI on.

Select Model_prestack_SI in View Parameters.

Change the Data Mapping to ip_GeoSISession_mean (Zp mean).

P-Impedance Model

143 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

P-Impedance Mean

Change the Min = 3000, Min =15000.

Move (press and hold mouse wheel) and rotate

(press and hold left mouse button) the Ip mean
display.

Ip mean is displayed as “Full Mesh”: this is

equivalent to “Display Volume” for seismic.
displays.

Toggle “Full Mesh” off at the bottom of the

dialog. The Ip mean display will disappear.

144 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results
Open Logical Slices Display (layers). This will display the Ip mean by the individual layers.

Check Inline, Crossline and Layer on.

Change the slice numbers to Inline =2165, Crossline =10127, Layer = 104.

Check Inline, Crossline and Layer off.

Layer Slice = 104

Patchawarra Sand

145 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

Select the Geometric Slices Display

tab.

Select the Time Slice check box.

Change the Slice Number to 2109.

Check the Time Slice box off. Time Slice = 2109ms.

146 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results
In Geometric Slices Display, check the following Slab parameters on
and set the values to:
Inline = 2245 Thickness =1
Crossline =10261 Thickness =8
Layer =115 Thickness =14

Slab

147 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results
In Slab (under Geometric Slices Display), change the Layer to 104 and turn off Inline
and Crossline. Set the transparency for values <9000 and >12000.

Open General in View Parameters.

Check Z scaling on and set to 15.

Set
Transparency
Remove
Transparency
Slab Layer = 104

Upper Gas Sand

Layers 104-107

Shale
Layers 108-112
Lower Gas Sand
Layers 113-118

148 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

Check Cell Outline on.

The Cell Outline represent the

layers of the volume.

Upper & Lower Gas Sand plus Shale (Layers104-118)

149 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

Remove the transparency.

In Cell Filtering, check Data Range

Filtering on.

Set the values Min = 9000, Max = 12000

In Slab Layer, Set the Slice Number = 104

and Thickness = 4

Upper Gas Sand (Layers 104-107)

150 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

In Slab Layer,

Set the Slice Number = 113 and

Thickness = 6

Lower Gas Sand (Layers 113-118)

151 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results
Open Seismic Volume Selection.

Select cdp_stack(LDM).

If the volume has not been created, select “cdp_stack” and select Yes to convert to LDM
Format

152 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

Open cdp_stack(LDM) in View

Parameters.

Select the Blue to Red Palette.

Check Flip to flip the color key.

Set the values Min= -5.7, Max=5.3

Check Display Volume on.

Check Subvolume on.

Select Chair display. Control Subvolume

(Red Vertices) resizes and moves the
Subvolume, If Control Subvolume is
turned off, the Chair controls (Green
Vertices) are turned on.

153 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

Move and Resize the Sub Volume Lower Gas Sand (Layers 113-118)

Select the Arrow button.

Select Control Subvolume. Place the 3D

cursor on one of the red highlighted
vertices.

Press and hold the left mouse button,

and drag the cursor. The extents of the
Subvolume will change. Each vertex
controls a different extent.

Toggle off Control Subvolume. Place the

3D cursor on one of the green
highlighted vertices. The position and
extents of the Chair will change. Editing the Subvolume with a large
Z-scaling is slow, change the Z-
scaling back to 1 and edit. After
Select the Hand button when finished editing, change the Z-scaling back
editing the position Chair Control to the desired value.

154 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

Open Model_prestack_SI in View

Parameters.

Change the Data Mapping to

Gas_Sand_GeoSISession.

Set the values Min= 0, Max=0.82

Check Data Range Filtering off.

155 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results
Probability of Patchawarra Gas Sand
Upper Gas Sand (Layers 104-107) Lower Gas Sand (Layers 113-118)

The yellow and red colors represent 45-82% The yellow and red colors represent 45-82%
probability of Gas Sand. probability of Gas Sand.

156 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

Select File on the Visualization

window.

Select Save Session.

A pop-up window appears. Type the

name Exercise_4_A3DV_Session.

Click Save.

157 November 2016

 Exercise 4 Visualize GeoSI Results

We have now finished the

Visualize GeoSI Results
exercise.

Exit the project by clicking

File>Exit in the upper left
corner.

158 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis: LithoSI

Geobody Definition

A geobody is an extracted 3D object that delineates a geological feature or

lithology type based on analyzing the connectivity of the voxels. Once extracted,
volumetric can be calculated.

159 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis: LithoSI
Type of connections between cell?
Connection criteria:
1. Face to Face
2. Edge to Edge
3. Corner to Corner

160 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis: LithoSI
LithoSI Example

Facies volume Probability volume

Geobody Volume

161 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis: LithoSI

Geobody
Volumetric
Estimation
Volume = A . h . phi . (1-Sw) . N

Sw : Water Saturation
A: Area (inline x crossline spacing)
h: Average thickness
phi: Porosity
N: Number of voxels

162 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis: LithoSI

The number of Voxels are calculated

for each Geobody.

163 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

In Geoview the Zp and LR Volumes were created through Pre-Stack

Inversion and the LMR process. These seismic volumes were then
used in LithoSI to calculate Gas Sand Facies and Gas Sand
Probability volumes over the Tirrawarra Sand Zone.

Probability Facies

These volumes will be used in Connectivity Analysis to calculate the

number of Voxels in each Geobody.

164 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Go to the Processes tab

and double-click
Connectivity Analysis
under Facies
Classification (LithoSI).

165 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

After the
Connectivity
Analysis program
opens, the
Connectivity Analysis
dialog appears.

Close the Project

Manager to create
more space for the
Visualization
windows.

166 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

The Connectivity
Analysis dialog will
appear at the bottom of
the Object window.

The default Input

Volume is cdp_stack.

Click the triangle on the

Input volume field to
select a new volume.

167 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Select lithosi as the Input Volume.

168 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Step 1 (Input Data)

• Default is
Lithosi_lithosi_facies (based
on the input volume).

Step 2 (Classification definition)

• Default is by classification.
• Select Porous Sand.

169 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Step 3 (Connectivity Criteria)

• Select Edge-Edge.
• Select Corner-Corner.

Step 4 (Condition Volume)

• Check Condition Volume on.

• Select litho_facies-proba for
the input volume.
• Select a range from 55 to
100.
• Change the output base
name to
“geobody_of_lithosi”.

Click Apply.

170 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

The Geobodies for the Porous Sand

will be based on a 55-100%
probability.

The Geobodies will appear in a Map

View.

Open the General Options Menu by

placing the cursor outside of the
Geobodies and right click on the
Viewer.

Toggle Axes Annotations off.

171 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

In View Data in the Layers Explorer,

toggle geobody_of_lithosi_Porous_Sand
(55-100)(LDM) on.

The View Parameters for

geobody_of_lithosi_Porous_Sand (55-
100)(LDM) will appear at the bottom of
the window.

Change the Palette to Lithology.

Set the Min =0 and Max =10

172 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Open the General tab in

the View Parameters.

Check Z scaling on.

Set the Z scaling to 5.

173 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Place the cursor in the Viewer

window and rotate the Geobodies.

There are 10 Gas Sand Geobodies

plotted, each in its own color.

174 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Open Well Selection in the

Object window.

Select Well_A4 and Add Well

Repeat to add Well_K7 and

Well_L4.

In View Data in the Layers

Explorer, toggle both wells on:

Turn off Well_A4 and Well_K7.

Toggle Well_L4 . Well_L4 will

now appear in the View
Parameters

Check Volume off.

175 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Open Well_1 in View Parameters.

Change the Data Mapping to

Lithology_math

Select Palette Quality and the

Number of Colors = 4

Set the Min =1 and Max =4.

Set the Extrusion Radius = 70

The Sand facies appears as Yellow.

176 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Open the Markers tab.

Check Name to display the

picked tops.

Set the name size to 250

(type).

Check Top Por >10% and

Base Por > 10% to display
the tops as purple and green
discs.

177 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Open View Data in Layers Explorer.

Check Volume on.

The geobodies appear with Well_L4.

The Top and Base of the Porous Sand

corresponds to the Blue Geobody.

Turn Off the Displayed Tops.

Turn on Well_A4 and Well_K7 and

change their well color to black.

178 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Open the View Parameters for

geobody_of_lithosi_Porous_Sa
nd (55-100)(LDM).

Turn Bounding Box off.

Turn Progressive Rendering

off.

179 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Near the bottom of the dialog, check Display

Geobodes Connected to wells on.

Select the Well_L4 well.

Only the geobodies which Well_L4 penetrates will

be displayed.

Check Display Geobodies Connected to wells off.

180 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Change the Min to 0 and

Max to 3.

Near the bottom of the

menu, use the slider bar to
change the number of
geobodies.

Set the number to “3”. This

will display only the 3
largest geobodies.

Select “Statistics” to
calculate the voxels of the
3 largest geobodies.

181 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

A Geobodies Statistics
pop-up dialog appears.

The dialog contains 3 color

coded geobodies with the
number of Voxels for each
geobody shown.

Place the cursor on

Geobody 2 in the pop-up
dialog. Geobody 2 is then
highlighted in the Viewer.
The other two geobodies
become transparent.

The Voxels for Geobody 2

are used to calculate the
volume of that geobody.

182 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Place the cursor on

Geobody 1 in the pop-
up dialog.

Geobody 1 is
highlighted in the
Viewer.

The other two

geobodies become
transparent.

183 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis
The Display Slices appear as green lines. The lines
indicate the position of the slices on the Geobody.

Xline
Inline

At the middle of the menu, check

“Display Slices” ON

Check the Inline, Xline and Domain

slices ON.

Set the following values: Domain

T=2110ms
Inline=2355, Xline=10228, Domain=2110

184 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

Go to “File” on the Visualization

window.

Select “Save Session”.

A pop-up window appears, type the

name
“Exercise_5_A3DV_Session”

Select “Save”

185 November 2016

 Exercise 5 Connectivity Analysis

We have now finished the

Connectivity exercise.

Exit the project by clicking

File>Exit in the upper left
corner.

186 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Fracture Display: ProAz

187 January 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
Well_A4 indicates a zone of higher Anisotropy and fracture at
a depth of 9310 feet.

9200 ft.

Zone of
Higher
Anisotropy

9510 ft.

188 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Well_A4 – Fracture Dip

Height

0.3 ft

Dip
2π*6.5 in
Caliper

0.3 ft = 9 cm
6.5 in = 17 cm
Atan(caliper/height) = 62 deg

𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑝𝑒𝑟
 Dip of the fracture (from z-axis): 𝑑𝑖𝑝 = atan⁡ ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
≈ 62°

189 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
Display the Ruger_Bani and
cdp_stack seismic volumes
in View 1 and 2.

Select the Xline for Well_A4

by toggling the triangle next
Bani response at the
to the well symbol. fracture zone in
Fracture Bani
at 9310 ft Anomaly Well_A4
Change the color key for
cdp_stack to Blue to Red by
right clicking on the color key
and choose Modify Color
Scheme.

Select Reverse Colors

The Fractured Zone of

Interest (ZOI) is at the
Horizon_6 level.
190 November 2016
 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

The time structure is displayed for three separate horizons. The time structures
indicate increasing structure with time. ProAZ was used to identify the possible
fractures. A3D Viewer can used to display the fracture density and tie the
relationship between structure and fracture density.

Horizon_2 Horizon_6 Horizon_8

191 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Open the Processes Tab.

Open Azimuthal AVO (ProAz).

Double-click Visualize Fracture Density.

192 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

From the Seismic Volumes

Selection dialog, select
ProAZ_Ruger and Ruger_Bani
for the Data or…

Under the Project Data tab,

select and drag Ruger_Bani to
the 3D Viewer display area.

Select Yes to convert the seg-y

file into LDM (Large Data
Model) format. This is the
recommended data format that
works best in the 3D Viewer. It
will takes a minute for the
conversion to finish. Note: You can continue to use and the SEG-Y format
at this point but it is not as efficient with a large
dataset.

193 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Open the Wells Selection tab.

Select Well_A4.

To add an additional well, click Add

Well at the bottom of the dialog.

Continue to add the wells:

Well_K7
Well_L4
Well_Y1

Alternatively, open the Project Data

tab, select Wells and drag the wells
into the Viewer window.

194 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Viewer Window

The volume and the wells are

loaded into the Viewer window.

The default view will be Top

View.

Right-click in the blank portion

of the Viewer and toggle off
Axis Annotations.

195 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Open the Layers Explorer window, click the

Ruger_Bani(LDM) volume.

The View Parameters will appear below the

Layers Explorer.

Change the Palette to AVO Envelope.

Set Min = 2,Max = 10.

Turn off the Inline and Crossline display slices.

Change the Domain to 1994ms.

196 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Check Well_A4 in the Layers Explorer.

Click Well Color and change the color to black.

In the Markers Tab, Select Top High

Anisotropy, Top Fracture and Base High
Anisotropy.

Set Size=200 and Toggle Name off.

Repeat the Well Color for the other three wells.

197 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
Bani Anomalies at T=1994ms have the same orientation as the
faults on Horizon_6

Horizon 6 T=1994ms
198 November 2016
 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
Select Ruger_Bani(LDM) in View Parameters.

Turn off the Bounding Box.

1. Triangular Transparency
Set the Transparency as indicated on the
• Place the cursor within the bottom left corner of the color
Color Key. key and hold the <Ctrl> key down.
• Click the left mouse button down and drag the cursor to
the up.
• A triangular transparency shape appears.

2. Free Hand Transparency

• Place the cursor within the bottom left corner of the color
key.
• Hold the left mouse button down and drag the cursor to
the right.
• Continue dragging until amp=4.5. Release the left mouse
button.

199 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
The selected transparency highlights the fracture orientation.

200 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Open the View Parameters.

Select the General tab.

Change the Z scaling value to 18.

201 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
Select the Home Icon and then Zoom In at Cursor Icon.

Zoom in
at Cursor

202 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Select the Horizon Selection tab, and choose

Horizon_6 from the horizon drop-down menu. The
Horizon_6 horizon is loaded into the 3D Viewer.

203 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Select Horizon_6 in the View Parameters.

Set Min = 1999, Max = 2084.

Set the Transparency as indicated on the Color

Key.

1. Place the cursor on the triangle next to the

color key and drag the triangle down.
2. Stop when the Ruger_Bani(LDM) volume
is prominently visible. The TWT of the
horizon should also be visible.

204 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
Transparency allows various attributes to be visible when they are overlaid
in the same Viewer window. The relationship between Time Structure and
Bani is shown.

205 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Clear the Transparency settings by

sliding the triangle (on the right side
of the color key) down and then back
up.

Clear the Ruger_Bani(LDM) color

key.

Turn Off Ruger_Bani in View Data.

Clear the Horizon_6 color key.

206 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
We want to extract the data value from the
Ruger_Bani volume along the horizon using
AVO Envelope as the color key. Modify the
values as follow:

i. Data Mapping: Volume_Data

ii. Palette : AVO Envelope
iii. Min = 2, Max = 10
iv. Input Volume = Ruger_ Bani(LDM)
v. Data Window Region = Center around
sample.
vi. Data Window Size = 3 ms.
vii. Averaging Method = RMS Average
viii. Change the Horizon Offset = 23ms.
ix. Click Update

The horizon has been shifted to below the

top of the fracture in Well_A4 with a RMS
Average calculated with a 3 ms. window
centered below the Top of the Fracture.

207 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Extract from Volume display of Horizon_6

Well_K7 Well_Y1
Blue = Top of High Anisotropy
Pink = Top of Fracture
Well_L4
Well_A4

Horizon Slice: extracted value from

Ruger_Bani(LDM) along Horizon_6.
Z-Scaling=18 Offset = +23ms Window = 3ms

208 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

To view both the Azimuth and Anisotropic Gradient

simultaneously in a vector-type display, right-click on
the domain slice to bring up the context menu.

Turn On Ruger_Bani in the View Data.

Select Create Fracture to bring up the Fracture

Display Selection dialog shown to the right.

Select ProAZ_Ruger for the Fracture Density and

Azimuth Volume. Select Ruger_Bani and Ruger_Az
as the Data.

Select Apply

Select Yes to use LDM volume as the inputs.

209 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

To keep the display clean, small Bani

values are not displayed.

Set the parameters as follows:

Min. Threshold = 2
Max threshold = 10

Platelet Height Multiplier = 1

Replicate Fracture per location = 0
Decimate Inline and Xline by = 2
Domain Value = 1994

Press <Enter> to update the display.

Note these parameters can be

updated later. The text screen
describes the calculation of the
Fracture length.

210 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
The time slice displayed is controlled by the
Domain Value slider.
T=2014
Change the Domain Value from 2014 to 2046ms to T=2032
view how the morphology of the glyphs changes
T=2046
structurally around Well_L4 and Well_A4.

Well_L4 Well_A4 Well_L4 Well_A4 Well_L4 Well_A4

T=2014 T=2032 T=2046

211 November 2016
 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
Well_A4 Well_L4
Select Plot along selected horizon and select Horizon_6.
Select Tie horizon Slice Offset. This option allows the
horizon slice to move in parallel to the glyphs.

T= -5ms
Well_A4 Well_L4

In Horizon_6 View Parameters, set Data Window Size=1

In Fracture Parameters, set Plate Height Multiplier = 2 T= 13ms

Well_A4 Well_L4
Change the Offset from -5 to + 61ms to view how the
morphology of the glyphs change stratigraphically
between the Top and Base of the High Anisotropy Zone.

Change the offset back to +13.

T= 23ms
212 November 2016
 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Now we will view the Azimuth, Anisotropic

Gradient and the Uncertainty simultaneously
in a vector-type display.

Turn Off Plot along a selected horizon.

In General View Parameters, set Z-Scaling = 8

Bring up the Fracture Display Selection dialog

shown to the right.

Check the Uncertainty Parameters box on.

Select ProAZ_Ruger for the Fracture Density

and Azimuth Uncertainty. Select
Ruger_stdBani and Ruger_stdAz as the Data.

Select Update.

Set the Palette Height Multiplier = 1.

213 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
The anisotropic gradient and azimuth are used to define the magnitude and
orientation of the glyphs. The glyphs have length and height, both of which are
related to the Bani magnitude. The azimuth controls the orientation of the glyph.

Well_L4
Time=1994ms

In the Fracture Display

Selection window, change the
Uncertainty Mode to Whisker.

Z-Scaling = 8

214 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

 The uncertainty controls the

whiskers on either side of the glyph.
The greater the standard deviation of
the angle estimate, the wider the
whiskers are plotted as shown to the
right.
 The length of the whiskers are
related to the uncertainty of the Az uncertainty
magnitude (Bani ). The length of the
whisker represents +/- one standard
deviation of the magnitude Bani
uncertainty.
 In order to see the glyphs they must
be properly scaled, which is
discussed on the next slide.
Bani
uncertainty

215 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
Zoom in to see the uncertainty bars Loops
To zoom in, click on the icon,
then click on the area of interest to
zoom in.

Or use the middle mouse wheel to

zoom. Hold the wheel down to
move about the surface
Plates
Well_L4

Whisker

216 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

Click the icon to open the View

parameter dialog for Well_A4.

Set the Data mapping to P-Impedance.

This will display the P-Impedance
information in color with the Min and
Max values associated with the color
scale.

Set Min = 2000, Max = 17000

Toggle Flip, to reverse the color key.

To display the log in color with a

constant radius, check Extrusion shape
and slide the bar to 30, then check Use
constant radius.

217 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

In Fracture Display Parameters,

Set Palette Height Multiplier = 1

Toggle On Plot along selected horizon.

Set Offset = 13

In General View Parameters, set

Z-scaling =18

218 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density
These parameters should create a display similar to the one shown below

219 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

On the File menu of the Visualization

window, select Save Session.

A pop-up window appears. Type the

name
“Exercise_6_A3DV_Session”

Select Save.

220 November 2016

 Exercise 6 Visualize Fracture Density

We have now finished the

Fracture Visualization
exercises.

Exit the project by clicking

File>Exit in the upper left
corner.

End of Exercise 6
221 November 2016