Masters Module
Masters Module
INTRODUCTION:
Peer teaching refers to an educational strategy where students take on the role of educators,
teaching and supporting their peers in the learning process. This approach is grounded in the idea that
individuals can enhance their understanding of a subject by explaining it to others. It fosters a
collaborative learning environment, promotes active engagement, and encourages a sense of
responsibility and ownership of one's education.
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students can:
Encouraging Active Learning: by engaging in peer teaching, students take an active role in their own
education. This approach empowers them to delve deeper into the subject matter and develop a more
comprehensive understanding of the materials.
Fostering Collaboration and Communication Skills: peer teaching encourages student to work
together, discuss ideas, and articulate concepts to their peer. This not only enhances their communication
skills but also promotes collaborative problem-solving and knowledge sharing.
Reinforcing Understanding through Teaching: when students teach their peers, they solidify their own
understanding of the material by explaining concepts and answering questions. This process of teaching
others can enhance retention and mastery off the subject.
Collaboration Command
Reciprocal Sel-check
Discovery Self- proclaim
Model Teaching
Direct Cooperation
Peer tactics Unity
THINK AHEAD:
1. What are the words you found?
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2. How these words help in peer teaching?
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1. One-on-One Tutoring: A student teaches another student individually, providing personalized assistance
and guidance.
2. Group Teaching: Students work in small groups to collaboratively teach and learn from each other.
3. Presentations: Students prepare and deliver presentations to their peers on specific topics, sharing their
understanding of the subject matter.
4. Collaborative Projects: Students collaborate on projects that involve teaching and learning elements,
fostering teamwork and shared knowledge.
The concept of Peer Teaching is based on the idea that explaining concepts to others reinforces one's own
understanding and mastery of the material. It is a learner-centered approach that promotes active
participation, critical thinking, and a sense of responsibility for one's own and others' learning. Peer
Teaching can occur in various educational settings, from elementary schools to higher education
institutions, and it is often employed to enhance the learning experience and build a supportive
community within the classroom.
SUMMARY:
Peer teaching is an instructional strategy where students take on the role of educators, guiding
their peers through the learning process. This collaborative approach fosters a dynamic and interactive
learning environment, promoting not only the acquisition of knowledge but also the development of
essential communication and leadership skills.
In a peer teaching setting, students often work in pairs or small groups, with one serving as the
"teacher" and the others as learners. This method encourages active engagement and participation, as
students are more likely to feel comfortable asking questions and seeking clarification from their peers.
The peer teaching model is founded on the principle that explaining concepts to others reinforces one's
own understanding, thus benefiting both the teacher and the learners.
One of the key advantages of peer teaching is its ability to cater to diverse learning styles. Peers
can adapt their explanations and approaches to better suit the individual needs of their classmates,
creating a personalized and inclusive learning experience. This method also promotes a sense of
community within the classroom, as students collaborate and support each other in their academic
journeys.
Additionally, peer teaching has been linked to increased retention of information. When students
are actively involved in the teaching process, they are more likely to remember and apply the concepts
they have learned. This approach not only enhances academic performance but also nurtures a sense of
responsibility and accountability among students. While peer teaching offers numerous benefits, effective
implementation requires proper training and support for both teachers and learners. Establishing clear
guidelines and expectations, providing constructive feedback, and fostering a positive learning
environment are crucial elements in maximizing the potential of peer teaching.
In conclusion, peer teaching is a powerful educational strategy that promotes active learning,
collaboration, and the development of essential skills. By harnessing the collective knowledge of a group,
this approach empowers students to take ownership of their learning and contributes to a more enriching
educational experience.
Instructions:
With your pair choose a specific topic or concept that aligns with the current curriculum or
learning objectives. Write a plan about the topic chosen and this plan should include key points,
examples, and interactive elements.
Materials Needed:
Whiteboard or flip chart,
Markers,
Index cards or small slips of paper.
INTRODUCTION:
Inquiry-based teaching is an educational approach that places emphasis on student-driven
exploration, critical thinking, and active participation in the learning process. Rooted in the philosophy
that learning is most effective when students engage in meaningful inquiries and investigations, this
pedagogical method encourages curiosity, independence, and a deep understanding of concepts.
Unlike traditional teaching methods that rely heavily on the transfer of information from teacher to
student, inquiry-based teaching seeks to foster a student's innate curiosity and desire to explore the world
around them. In this approach, educators act as facilitators, guiding students through a structured process
of questioning, investigating, and reflecting.
OBJECTIVES:
Foster Curiosity and a Love for Learning:
Develop Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Skills
Promote Active Engagement and Ownership of Learning
Inquiry-based teaching aims to shift the role of students from passive recipients of information to
active participants in their own learning journeys. The objective is to promote a sense of ownership and
responsibility for learning outcomes. Students are encouraged to set goals, plan and execute
investigations, and reflect on their findings. This not only strengthens their academic skills but also
instills a sense of autonomy and self-directed learning.
3. Critical Thinking:
Emphasizing critical thinking skills by prompting students to analyze information, evaluate
evidence, and draw conclusions based on their findings. This process enhances problem-solving abilities.
4. Collaboration:
Promoting collaborative learning experiences where students work together to solve problems,
share ideas, and engage in discussions. Collaboration enhances communication skills and the ability to
work effectively in a team.
5. Reflection:
Integrating reflective practices into the learning process, encouraging students to think about what
they have learned, how they have learned it, and how it connects to real-world applications.
6. Ownership of Learning:
Empowering students to take ownership of their learning journey. Inquiry-based teaching nurtures
a sense of responsibility and curiosity, motivating students to become lifelong learners.
7. Adaptability:
Recognizing that inquiry-based teaching is adaptable to various subjects and learning
environments. It accommodates diverse learning styles and encourages creativity.
SUMMARY
Inquiry-based teaching aligns with contemporary educational goals, including the development of
critical thinking skills, fostering a love for learning, and preparing students for the challenges of an ever-
evolving world. By promoting active engagement and curiosity, this approach strives to create
independent thinkers who are well-equipped to navigate complex problems and contribute meaningfully
to society. Inquiry-based teaching empowers students to actively engage with learning, fostering a love
for exploration and equipping them with essential skills for critical thinking, collaboration, and lifelong
learning.
INTRODUCTION:
Sport Education is a curriculum and instruction model designed for delivery within physical
education. Modifications can be made to suit each age category, activity or setting. It is most effective
with games-based activities and with participants who have a good base level of competence.
It is intended to provide children and youth with more authentic and enjoyable sport experiences
than what we typically see in traditional physical education lessons. This model was developed and
introduced by Daryl Siedentop in 1984 and has since be adapted and successfully implemented across
physical education programs nationally and internationally. Students participate as members of teams in
seasons that are longer than the usual physical education unit (normally longer than six weeks). They take
an active role in their own sport and physical activity experience by serving in varied and realistic roles
that are evident in authentic sport settings such as captains, coaches, trainers, statisticians, officials,
publicists, and members of a sports council. Teams develop camaraderie through team uniforms, names,
and develop strong affiliations with their teams as they work together to learn and develop their skills and
tactical play.
There are three major goals that guide program development in Sport Education. These serve as a
guide to ensure students to become competent, literate, and enthusiastic players (Siedentop, 1994). This
means that teachers must design learning experiences that facilitate students learning (not just supervised
matches). According to Siedentop (1994);
A competent player has sufficient skills to participate satisfactorily, can execute strategies that are
appropriate for the complexity of the game being played, and is a knowledgeable player.
A literate player understands and values the rules, rituals, and traditions of sport, and is able to
distinguish between good and bad sport practices in a variety of sport settings.
An enthusiastic player is one who preserves, protects, and enhances the sport culture through
participation, involvement, and appropriate behaviors.
OBJECTIVES:
In order to achieve these goals, students need to develop a set of objectives which Siedentop
(1994) has identified as the following ten items:
PRE-ACTIVITY
Arrange the jumbled words in the box and create a short definition base on what you have understand.
THINK AHEAD
Based on the term provided, in what way the student can benefits from general methods of
teaching in the 21st century?
One of the unique strengths of the sports educational model lies in its ability to instill crucial
values such as sportsmanship, teamwork, and leadership. Through active participation in sports, students
learn to respect opponents, collaborate with teammates, and exhibit leadership qualities both on and off
the field. Team-building exercises and organized sports events contribute to the development of character,
promoting qualities that are transferable to various aspects of life. The model encourages the
implementation of intramural and extramural sports programs, ensuring that students have ample
opportunities for both intra-school competitions and inter-school tournaments. These programs not only
provide a platform for showcasing athletic prowess but also cultivate a sense of school spirit and
camaraderie. Students learn to handle victories with humility and defeats with resilience, fostering
emotional intelligence and resilience.
Integrating sports themes into academic subjects is another innovative aspect of the sports
educational model. By drawing connections between sports and academic concepts, educators can
enhance the learning experience and make subjects more relatable to students. For example, students may
explore the physics of sports movements, apply mathematical concepts to analyze sports statistics, or
study historical events through the lens of sports history. This interdisciplinary approach not only makes
learning more engaging but also highlights the multifaceted nature of knowledge. Skill development
programs play a pivotal role in the sports educational model, providing specialized training opportunities
for students interested in honing their athletic abilities. These programs, led by experienced coaches or
professionals, allow students to explore and excel in specific sports, potentially laying the foundation for
future careers in athletics.
SUMMARY
The model places a strong emphasis on inclusivity, recognizing that the benefits of sports should
be accessible to all students regardless of their abilities. In addition to offering a variety of sports options,
schools can incorporate adaptive sports for students with disabilities, fostering a culture of inclusivity and
breaking down barriers that may exist in traditional sports settings. Beyond individual skill development,
the sports educational model acknowledges the potential for leadership and mentorship within the sports
realm. By providing coaching certifications and mentorship opportunities, schools can empower students
to take on leadership roles, whether as team captains, coaches, or mentors for their peers.
Furthermore, the sports educational model extends its reach into the community, organizing
sports-related events that involve students, parents, and the local community. Sports festivals, community
runs, and charity events not only promote physical activity but also strengthen the bonds between the
school and its surrounding community. These events serve as platforms for shared experiences, fostering a
sense of pride and unity.
In conclusion, the sports educational model is a dynamic and holistic approach that recognizes the
intrinsic value of sports in education. By integrating physical education, health and wellness education,
sportsmanship, skill development, inclusivity, and community engagement, this model creates a rich and
multifaceted educational experience. It goes beyond the boundaries of traditional learning, shaping
individuals who are not only academically proficient but also physically fit, emotionally intelligent, and
socially responsible. Through this model, schools can cultivate a generation of well-rounded individuals
prepared to face the challenges of a diverse and interconnected world.
SEE IF YOU CAN DO THIS:
Direction: List as many as you can about the benefits of Sport Educational Model and write also the
limitation of it.
EXAMPLE:
INTRDUCTION:
The Tactical Games Model is a form of instruction in Physical Education courses that the teacher
uses to incorporate sport related activities and small games into their lesson plan to improve students'
experiences in sports games and tactical awareness provided from them. The purpose of having the Tactical
Games Model in physical education courses are to help students learn the basics of a sports game, like
soccer or basketball, and let them figure out, through experience, the ways to improve themselves in a
setting where their actions will be critical to their teams victory, as well as help learn what their strengths
and weaknesses are themselves and self-improve afterwards. Throughout sport, any game comes down to
tactical strategy that two competitive teams have to use to gain the advantage over their opponents to win
their game. The basic foundation to any game is the tactics one uses to gain advantage over competitors, and
students will be able to learn a lot about themselves, and their peers, when using these tactics to work for
each other, and themselves, throughout a match.
OBJECTIVES:
Enhance Strategic Understanding: The primary goal of a Tactical Game Model is to deepen
players' comprehension of the strategic elements within the sport. This includes understanding the
positioning of players, offensive and defensive strategies, and how to adapt to different game
situations.
Develop Decision-Making Skills: Another key objective is to enhance players' decision-making
skills during gameplay. This involves teaching athletes how to assess situations quickly, make
Promote Team Cohesion and Communication: A Tactical Game Model aims to foster teamwork,
cohesion, and effective communication among team members. Players must be able to coordinate
their actions, communicate on the field, and work collaboratively to implement tactical strategies.
TRY THIS:
Direction: Think of a sport and provide the given data below.
THINK AHEAD
In the 21st century, how can we use this tactical model in Physical Education?
1. Tactical Understanding:
The core objective of the Tactical Games Model is to deepen athletes' understanding of the
tactical aspects within their sport. This involves imparting knowledge about offensive and defensive
strategies, team dynamics, and the strategic intricacies of the game.
Implementation:
Coaches utilize a variety of instructional methods, including tactical drills, game simulations, and
video analysis. Athletes engage in discussions about game strategies, allowing them to recognize patterns,
anticipate opponents' moves, and make informed decisions during actual gameplay.
2. Decision-Making Skills:
The model places a strong emphasis on developing athletes' decision-making skills, recognizing
their pivotal role in sports outcomes. Athletes are encouraged to make quick and effective decisions under
pressure, adapting to the dynamic nature of the game.
Implementation:
Training sessions include scenario-based drills that replicate real-game situations. Athletes face
challenges that require immediate decision-making, fostering a heightened awareness of strategic options.
Coaches provide constructive feedback to enhance athletes' ability to make effective decisions in diverse
game scenarios.
3. Small-Sided Games:
The Tactical Games Model often incorporates small-sided games, which are modified versions of
the full game with fewer players. These games enhance tactical understanding, as players have increased
opportunities to engage with the ball and make decisions.
Implementation:
Coaches structure training sessions to include small-sided games, promoting a higher frequency
of touches, increased decision-making situations, and a more dynamic playing environment. This
approach accelerates the development of both tactical awareness and technical skills.
4. Position-Specific Training:
Recognizing the importance of players' roles in specific positions, the Tactical Games Model
incorporates position-specific training. This ensures that athletes understand the tactical responsibilities
associated with their positions on the field or court.
Implementation:
Coaches design drills and exercises that replicate the demands of specific positions, allowing
athletes to hone position-specific skills and tactics. This targeted training approach contributes to a well-
rounded understanding of the game and prepares athletes for the nuances of their roles.
5. Game Intelligence:
The Tactical Games Model aims to develop game intelligence, which encompasses a deep
understanding of the sport's strategic principles and the ability to apply this understanding in real-time
situations.
Implementation:
Coaches engage athletes in strategic discussions, emphasizing the importance of recognizing
patterns, anticipating opponents' moves, and making proactive decisions during the game. Video analysis
serves as a valuable tool to enhance athletes' game intelligence by reviewing and learning from past
performances.
In conclusion, the Tactical Games Model is a comprehensive coaching approach that prioritizes
the mental aspects of sports. By focusing on tactical understanding, decision-making skills, small-sided
games, position-specific training, and game intelligence, this model equips athletes with the tools
necessary for success in competitive sports. It acknowledges that achieving excellence requires not only
physical prowess but also a strategic mindset and a nuanced understanding of the complexities inherent in
each game. Through the Tactical Games Model, coaches cultivate athletes who are not only physically
skilled but also strategically astute, adaptable, and capable of making informed decisions in the heat of
competition.
SUMMARY
The Tactical Games Model is a coaching approach that prioritizes the mental aspects of sports
alongside physical training. This model aims to enhance athletes' tactical understanding,
decision-making skills, and game intelligence. By incorporating small-sided games and position-
specific training, coaches create an environment where athletes engage with the sport's strategic
nuances in a dynamic and practical manner. The model emphasizes the importance of quick and
effective decision-making under pressure, preparing athletes for the complexities of real-game
situations. Overall, the Tactical Games Model provides a holistic framework that equips athletes
with both physical and mental tools necessary for success in competitive sports.
2. Which component is often integrated into the Tactical Games Model to enhance tactical understanding
through practical experience?
a. Large-scale simulations b. Position-specific training
c. Memorization exercises d. Isolated skill drills
3. What is the purpose of incorporating small-sided games in the Tactical Games Model?
a. To reduce physical exertion
b. To create a slower-paced game environment
c. To provide more opportunities for engagement and decision-making
d. To limit tactical complexity
4. Why is decision-making under pressure emphasized in the Tactical Games Model?
a. To slow down the pace of the game b. To simulate real-game situations
c. To reduce the importance of strategic thinking d. To focus solely on physical skills
5. What does position-specific training in the Tactical Games Model aim to achieve?
a. Generalization of skills across all positions b. A deeper understanding of game principles
c. Elimination of player roles d. Homogenization of player skills
7. How do coaches often provide feedback to athletes in the Tactical Games Model to enhance decision-
making skills?
a. Through static lectures b. Through scenario-based drills
c. By avoiding critical analysis d. By focusing solely on physical performance
8. What distinguishes small-sided games from full-scale games in the Tactical Games Model?
a. Greater emphasis on individual skills b. Higher scores and faster gameplay
c. Fewer players and a more dynamic environment d. Simplified rules and regulations
9. What is the overarching goal of the Tactical Games Model in relation to athletes' understanding of the
sport?
a. Memorization of game statistics b. Deepening strategic understanding and awareness
c. Speed and agility improvement d. Isolation of physical skills
10. Why is the Tactical Games Model considered a holistic coaching approach?
a. It focuses solely on physical training.
b. It neglects the mental aspects of the game.
c. It prioritizes both physical and mental aspects, including strategic thinking and decision-making.
d. It excludes practical applications in training sessions