1) List the elements of each of the following sample spaces:
(a) the set of integers between 1 and 50 divisible by 8: (b) the set S = {x | x2 + 4x - 5 = 0}; (c) the set of outcomes when a coin is tossed until a tail or three heads appear: (d) the set S = {x | a; is a continent}; (e) the set. S = {x | 2x - 4 > 0 and X < 1}.
2) Which of the following events are equal?
(a) A = {1,3}; (b) B = {x | x is a number on a die}: (c) C ={x | x2 -4x + 3 = 0}; (d) D = {x | x is the number of heads when six coins are tossed}.
3) An experiment consists of tossing a die and then flipping a coin once if the number on the: die is even. If the number on the die is odd, the coin is flipped twice. Using the notation 4H, for example, to denote the outcome that the die comes up 4 and then the coin comes up heads, and 3HT to denote the outcome that the die comes up 3 followed by a head and then a tail on the coin, construct a tree diagram to show the 18 elements of the sample space S.
4) Four students are selected at random from a chemistry class and classified as male or female. List the elements of the sample space S1 using the letter M for "male" and F for "female." Define a second sample space S2 where the elements represent the number of females selected.
5) For the sample space of Exercise 2.5,
(a) list the elements corresponding to the event A that a number less than 3 occurs on the die; (b) list the elements corresponding to the event B that 2 tails occur; (c) list the elements corresponding to the event A'; (d) list the elements corresponding to the event A' ∩ B; (e) list the elements corresponding to the event A ∪ B.
6) The resumes of 2 male applicants for a college teaching position in chemistry are placed in the same file as the resumes of 2 female applicants. Two positions become available and the first, at the rank of assistant professor, is filled by selecting 1 of the 4 applicants at random. The second position, at the rank of instructor, is then filled by selecting at random one of the remaining 3 applicants. Using the notation M2F1, for example, to denote the simple event that the first position is filled by the second male applicant and the second position is then filled by the first female applicant, (a) list the elements of a sample space S; (b) list the elements of S corresponding to event A that the position of assistant professor is filled by a male applicant; (c) list the elements of S corresponding to event B that exactly 1 of the 2 positions was filled by a male applicant; (d) list the elements of S corresponding to event C that neither position was filled by a male applicant; (e) list the elements of S corresponding to the event A ∩ B ; (f) list the elements of S corresponding to the event A ∪ C: (g) construct a Venn diagram to illustrate the intersections and unions of the events A, B, and C.
7) Consider the sample space S={copper, sodium, nitrogen, potassium, uranium,
oxygen, zinc}, and the events A = {copper, sodium, zinc}, B = {sodium, nitrogen, potassium}, C = {oxygen}. List the elements of the sets corresponding to the following events: (a) A'; (b) A∪ C; (c) (A ∩ B') ∪ C’; (d) B' ∩ C’; (e) A ∩ B ∩ C; (f) (A' ∪ B')∩ (A' ∩ C).
8) Let A. B, and C be events relative to the sample space S. Using Venn diagrams, shade the areas representing the following events: (a) (A ∩ B)’ (b) ( A ∪ B )’ (c) (A ∩ C) ∪ B.
