Parking Space Demand Study For Dondo Market, Tojo Una-Una District

Volume 9, Issue 8, August – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24AUG1538
Parking Space Demand Study for Dondo Market,

Tojo Una-Una District
Mohammad Ruslan Mardani1; Arief Setiawan2; Ratnasari Ramlan 3
1,2,3
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tadulako University
Jl. Soekarno-Hatta Km. 9 Palu, Central Sulawesi.
Abstract:- The current parking space at Dondo Market is I. INTRODUCTION

not effective because it still uses the road shoulder and is
not well organised. When the market is busy, the parking Parking is one of the instruments of transport
area is full of two- and four-wheeled vehicles, spilling over management that affects the effectiveness and efficiency of
onto the road, causing congestion and disturbing road transport. The condition of the parking system that is not
users. Therefore, an analysis is needed to determine the optimal can provide significant disruption to the traffic
ideal parking space requirements. The purpose of this system, one of the problems of the parking system that is not
study is to provide recommendations for parking space optimal is that it can cause congestion on movement mobility.
requirements and design its layout, as well as analyse In Tojo Una-Una Regency, there is a traditional market that
traffic performance on Jl. Tj. Keramat before and after has never been quiet from the activities of sellers and buyers,
the parking facility. The results show that the market namely the Dondo Market which is located on Jalan Tanjung
manager should provide potential land for off street Keramat, Dondo Village, Ratolindo District. Based on field
parking. There is vacant land to the right and left of the observations, the parking space in the market has not
market with a total area of 6,985 m² which exceeds the functioned effectively and efficiently because the parking
current parking demand. If needed, there is still vacant area has been used as a selling place. Meanwhile, parking in
land owned by the community around the market that can the market uses the road shoulder and is not well organised,
be developed as an additional parking area. so in terms of safety and comfort the parking lot has not been
fulfilled,
Keywords:- Parking Space Demand, Dondo Traditional
Market, and Traffic Performance.
Fig 1 Research Location
IJISRT24AUG1538 www.ijisrt.com 2595

The objectives of this study are: To provide Parking is a state of immobility of a vehicle that is not
recommendations related to the plan for parking space temporary. Included in the definition of parking is any vehicle
requirements at Dondo Market in accordance with conditions that stops at certain places whether stated by signs or not, and
in the field which are equipped with a parking space layout not solely to raise and or lower goods and or people
design; to determine the traffic performance on Jl. Tj. (Abubakar, 1998). According to Hobbs (1995), parking is
Keramat for the existence of Dondo Market; to determine the defined as an activity to place or store a vehicle in a certain
traffic performance on Jl. Tj. Keramat before and after there place whose duration depends on the completion of the
is parking. driving needs. Parking is a state of immobility of a vehicle
that is temporary because it is left by the driver (Adisasmita,
II. LITERATURE REVIEW 2011). Parking is a place to place by stopping transport
vehicles / goods (motorised or non-motorised) at a place
 Overview of Parking within a certain period of time (Nawawi et al, 2015).
Parking is the temporary immobility of a vehicle when
it is abandoned by its driver. Parking is legally prohibited.  Parking Space Requirement Standard
Every motorist has a tendency to look for a place to park his Standard parking requirements vary depending on
vehicle as close as possible to the place of activity or activity. several conditions, including applicable services and fees.
So that the place where an activity occurs, for example, such Availability of car parks, ownership of electric vehicles, and
as a tourism area, a parking area is needed. The construction income levels. Based on the findings, activities and criteria of
of a number of buildings or places of public activity often the Directorate General of Land Transportation (1996).
does not provide sufficient parking areas, resulting in the use
of part of the road width for vehicle parking (Warpani, 2004).
Table 1 SRP Requirement for Motorcycles in Trade Centres

Total Area
5000 7500 10000 15000 20000 30000 40000 50000 100000
(m )2
SRP
Requireme 225 250 270 310 350 440 520 600 1050
nt
Assuming that the ratio of motorcycle SRP to passenger for shopping purposes; Long Parkers, which are parkers who
car SRP is 1 : 6, the size of the motorcycle parking space use the parking space for more than 4 hours, usually for work
requirement is 6 times smaller than the parking space purposes.
requirement for passenger cars.
Change of parking TR=n/R (4)
 Parking Characteristics
In order to analyse the operating status of the car park Parking index IP=AP/R x 100% (5)
and make plans for the development of the car park, car park
property data is required. Parking terminologies that need to Required parking spaces Z=(y x D)/T (6)
be known in order to properly plan and manage the car park
according to the facility requirements include:  Road Capacity
The equation to determine the capacity of road sections
 Parking Accumulation based on PKJI 2023 can be seen in the following equation:
Accumulation = Ei - Ex + X (1) C = C0 x FCLJ x FCPA x FCHS x FC UK
 Parking Volume III. RESEARCH METHODE
Volume = Nin + X (2) To obtain the existing parking conditions, a direct

survey to the field was conducted. From the survey conducted
 Duration of Parking can be obtained data in the field and the real conditions of the
study area. With some data from the survey results,
Duration = Ti - T0 (3) processing is carried out to obtain data consisting of parking
volume, parking accumulation, parking capacity, trun over,
Average parking duration is the average time spent by parking index, and parking space requirements. From the
each vehicle in a parking facility. According to the time spent results of data processing will be made graphs to see the
on parking, parking can be classified as follows: Short highest accumulation with time, the highest trun over with
Parkers, which are parkers who use the parking space for less time, the highest volume with time, the highest index with
than 1 hour and for business trips; Middle Parkers, which are time.
parkers who use the parking space between 1 - 4 hours and

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION  Parking Capacity

The available parking area is obtained from direct
A. Parking Characteristics observation in the field, which at this time the parking
Data from observations at the study site, then processed manager has not made a division of parking space
and analysed according to the formulation of the problem in arrangements for four-wheeled vehicles and two-wheeled
the study, namely the characteristics of vehicle parking at vehicles, each type of vehicle only fills the existing space at
Dondo Market which includes: the designated parking location, it is estimated that currently
the parking area is 300 m2 on both sides of the road shoulder.
MC LV
In Out In Out
250 20
225 18
200 16
175 182 14
167
150 154 12
145
125 130 131 136 136 134
10
115 119
110 106
100 101 98 8
91
75 69 80
75 78 6
60 58 58
50 4
37
36
25 2
0 0
<15.00
<15.00
15.00-15.15
15.15-15.30
15.30-15.45
15.45-16.00
16.00-16.15
16.15-16.30
16.30-16.45
16.45-17.00
17.00-17.15
17.15-17.30
17.30-17.45
17.45-18.00
15.00-15.15
15.15-15.30
15.30-15.45
15.45-16.00
16.00-16.15
16.15-16.30
16.30-16.45
16.45-17.00
17.00-17.15
17.15-17.30
17.30-17.45
17.45-18.00
Fig 2 Number of Two-Wheeled and Four-Wheeled Vehicles Entering and Exiting (Monday, 6 May 2024)
MC LV
In Out In Out
250 20
225 18
200 16
175 14
150 12
125 10
100 8
75 6
50 4
25 2
0 0
<15.00
15.00-15.15
15.15-15.30
15.30-15.45
15.45-16.00
16.00-16.15
16.15-16.30
16.30-16.45
16.45-17.00
17.00-17.15
17.15-17.30
17.30-17.45
17.45-18.00
<15.00
15.00-15.15
15.15-15.30
15.30-15.45
15.45-16.00
16.00-16.15
16.15-16.30
16.30-16.45
16.45-17.00
17.00-17.15
17.15-17.30
17.30-17.45
17.45-18.00
Fig 3 Number of Two-Wheeled and Four-Wheeled Vehicles Entering and Exiting (Tuesday, 7 May 2024)

MC LV
In Out In Out
250 20
225 18
200 16
175 14
150 12
125 10
100 8
75 6
50 4
25 2
0 0
<15.00
15.00-15.15
15.15-15.30
15.30-15.45
15.45-16.00
16.00-16.15
16.15-16.30
16.30-16.45
16.45-17.00
17.00-17.15
17.15-17.30
17.30-17.45
17.45-18.00
<15.00
15.00-15.15
15.15-15.30
15.30-15.45
15.45-16.00
16.00-16.15
16.15-16.30
16.30-16.45
16.45-17.00
17.00-17.15
17.15-17.30
17.30-17.45
17.45-18.00
Fig 4 Number of Two-Wheeled and Four-Wheeled Vehicles Entering and Exiting (Wednesday, 8 May 2024)
 Parking Accumulation
The following is the amount of parking accumulation on each survey day.
(Monday, 6 May 2024) (Tuesday, 7 May 2024)
Parking Accumulation MC Parking Accumulation LV Parking Accumulation MC Parking Accumulation LV

220 220
200 200
180 180
160 160
140 140
120 120
100 100
80 80
60 60
40 40
20 20
0 0
<15.00
15.00-15.15
15.15-15.30
15.30-15.45
15.45-16.00
16.00-16.15
16.15-16.30
16.30-16.45
16.45-17.00
17.00-17.15
17.15-17.30
17.30-17.45
17.45-18.00
15.00-15.15
15.15-15.30
15.30-15.45
15.45-16.00
16.00-16.15
16.15-16.30
16.30-16.45
16.45-17.00
17.00-17.15
17.15-17.30
17.30-17.45
17.45-18.00
<15.00
(Wednesday, 8 May 2024)
Parking Accumulation Sepeda Motor Parking Accumulation Kendaraan Roda Empat

360
340
320
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
15.00-15.15
15.15-15.30
15.30-15.45
15.45-16.00
16.00-16.15
16.15-16.30
16.30-16.45
16.45-17.00
17.00-17.15
17.15-17.30
17.30-17.45
17.45-18.00
<15.00
Fig 5 Two-Wheeler Parking Accumulation

 Duration of Parking
Parking duration is the time span (length of time) of the parked vehicle, by subtracting the time the vehicle exits from the time
the vehicle enters.
(Monday, 6 May 2024) (Tuesday, 7 May 2024)
Time MC Time LV Time MC Time LV

200 200
180 180
160 160
140 140
120 120
100 100
80 80
60 60
40 40
20 20
0 0
0-15
0-15
105-120
120-135
135-150
150-165
165-180
105-120
120-135
135-150
150-165
165-180
90-105
90-105
15-30
30-45
45-60
60-75
75-90
15-30
30-45
45-60
60-75
75-90
(Wednesday, 8 May 2024)
Time MC Time LV
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0-15
105-120
120-135
135-150
150-165
165-180
90-105
15-30
30-45
45-60
60-75
75-90
Fig 6 Parking Duration
Table 2 Vehicle Parking Duration
 Parking Volume
The parking volume is calculated using formula (2).
Table 3 Dondo Market Vehicle Parking Volume

 Parking Turn Over

Parking Turn Over is a value that shows the level of use of parking spaces, can be found using formula (4):
Table 4 Parking Turn Over Rate
 Parking Index
The parking index is the percentage of the number of parking vehicles occupying the parking area to the number of parking
spaces available in the parking area, calculated by formula (5).
Table 5 Parking Index
 Parking Space Requirement

Based on the Z formula approach to parking space requirements (6), the motorcycle parking space requirements at Dondo
Market during the survey day were obtained.
Table 6. Size of Parking Space Requirement

Average S uvey
Vehicle
Vehicle Type Date Duration Time KRP (S RP)
Volume
(Hour) (Hour)
M onday, 6 M ay 1371 1.5 3 684
Two Wheelers Tuesday, 7 M ay 1388 1.49 3 691
Wednesday, 8 M ay 1366 1.43 3 653
M onday, 6 M ay 100 1.49 3 50
Four Wheelers Tuesday, 7 M ay 93 1.52 3 47
Wednesday, 8 M ay 84 1.51 3 42

From the results of the calculation of parking space  SRP size 2.50 x 5.00 = 12.5 m2
requirements above, it can be concluded that the calculation  Alley/manoeuvring lane size = 2.0 m
using the Z formula, the two-wheeled vehicle parking space  Land size for one parking space plus alley/manoeuvring
provided by the Dondo Market does not meet the needs. From lane 2.50 x 7 = 17.5 m2 .
the results of calculations using the Z formula, it is obtained
that the maximum parking space requirement for two- So the land area required for the planned additional
wheeled vehicles at Dondo Market is 691 SRP while the static parking space of 50 SRP is 50 x 17.5 = 871.38 m2 .
capacity currently provided for two-wheeled vehicles is only
215 SRP, it can be seen that the value of parking space Based on the calculation of parking space requirements
requirements based on the formula approach (Z) is greater above, it can be seen that the land area needed for the addition
than the existing capacity, thus still lacking 476 SRP. In of parking spaces for 691 SRP two-wheeled vehicles is
addition, from the results of the above calculations it is 1554.93 m2 , while the land area needed for the addition of
obtained that the maximum parking space requirement for parking spaces for four-wheeled vehicles as much as 50 SRP
four-wheeled vehicles in Dondo Market is 50 SRP while the is 871.38 m2 . So the land area needed for parking spaces at
static capacity currently provided for two-wheeled vehicles is Dondo Market is 2426.31 m2 .
only 14 SRP, it can be seen that the value of parking space
requirements based on the formula approach (Z) is also The value of parking demand based on the formula (Z)
greater than the existing capacity, thus still lacking 36 SRP. approach is determined as the value of parking demand that
must be met by the parking management. If the parking
 Determination of Parking Spaces demand is determined based on the results of field research,
From the results of the analysis of parking space then the parking demand value taken is at the time of
requirements at Dondo Market, it can be found that the land maximum accumulation.
area that will be provided by the market manager for the
provision of parking spaces. The pattern that can be used is a To provide off street parking facilities at Dondo Market,
parking pattern with an angle of 90o with the following the market manager must provide vacant land to be used as a
calculations: location for additional parking spaces. Potential vacant land
for additional parking spaces owned by the Dondo Market is
The standard parking space (SRP) for two-wheelers uses behind the northern stalls with an area of 825 m2 , behind the
a 90° angle parking patterno . southern stalls with an area of 1281 m ,2 and behind the
market or precisely behind the Fish Market Stalls with a total
 SRP size 0.75 x 2.00 = 1.5 m 2 area of 813 m2 , so that if you add up the total parking space
 Alley/manoeuvring lane size = 1 m that can be utilised in the market area is 2919 m2 which
 Land size for one parking space plus alley/manoeuvring certainly exceeds the parking space requirements based on the
lane 0.75 x 3 = 2.25 m2 . results of the previous analysis, even if needed there is still
potential vacant land owned by the community that can be
So the land area required for the planned additional used as a parking space location located to the north, south
parking spaces of 691 SRP is 691 x 2.25 = 1554.93 m2 . and east of the Dondo Market boundary.
The standard parking space (SRP) for four-wheelers B. Traffic Performance

uses a 90° angle parking patterno . Based on the results of the traffic volume survey, a
description of the traffic volume conditions on the road
section of the observation point at the research location can
be seen in the following table.
Table 7 Traffic Volume Around Dondo Market on Monday

Table 8 Traffic Volume Around Dondo Market on Tuesday
Table 9 Traffic Volume Around Dondo Market on Wednesday
Based on the results of the analysis of the calculation of the class of side obstacles on the road of the research location, the
class of side obstacles is obtained as follows:
Table 10 Class of Side Obstacles on Jl. Tj. Keramat Pasar Dondo on Monday
Table 11 Class of Side Obstacles on Jl. Tj. Keramat Pasar Dondo on Tuesday

Table 12 Class of Side Obstacles on Jl. Tj. Keramat Pasar Dondo on Wednesday
 Road Capacity  Road Capacity during Market Activities:

Based on the data above, the calculation of the existing
capacity on each section of Jl. Tj. Keramat Pasar Dondo C = C0 x FCLJ x FCPA x FCHS x FCUK
studied before market activity and during market activity on
Monday to Wednesday based on PKJI 2023 is as follows: C = 2800 x 0.56 x 1.00 x 0.68 x 0.86
 Road Capacity before Market Activity: C = 916,97
C = C0 x FCLJ x FCPA x FCHS x FC UK  Degree of Saturation

The degree of saturation (DS) is the ratio of road flow
C = 2800 x 0.87 x 1.00 x 0.97 x 0.86 to capacity, which is used as the main factor in determining
the level of road performance. Based on the data and analysis
C = 2032,11 of calculations, the degree of saturation is obtained before
market activity and during market activity as follows:
Table 13 Degree Saturation (DS) values
 Road Service Level

The performance of the road sections studied can be seen based on the level of service that refers to the DS value can be seen
in the following table:

Table 14 Road Section Performance Based on Level of Service
From the results of the above analysis, it shows that the

performance of several road sections in conditions before the V. CONCLUSION
market takes place and when the market takes place results in
different traffic performance, in conditions before the market Based on the results of data analysis that researchers
takes place the traffic flow on Jl. Tj. Keramat Pasar Dondo have put forward and discussed systematically in the previous
flow conditions with high speed, the driver can choose the chapter, it can be concluded that: To provide off street parking
desired speed without obstacles on that section. But when the facilities at the Dondo Market, the market manager must
market takes place, the traffic performance on the road provide potential vacant land for additional parking spaces
changes, although the traffic flow tends to be stable, but the owned by the Dondo Market on the right side of the market
speed and movement of vehicles need to be controlled, so in or behind the northern stalls with an area of 3000 m2 , then
this case the driver is limited in choosing the speed. on the left side of the market or behind the southern stalls with
an area of 3985 m2 , so that if you add up the total parking
The performance of the road section is reduced due to space that can be utilised in the market area is 6985 m2 which
the presence of market activities in the area, market activities, certainly exceeds the parking space requirements based on the
especially the Dondo Market, certainly have a relationship results of the previous analysis, even if needed there is still
with movement, movement has a relationship with motorists, potential vacant land owned by the community that can be
and therefore Dondo Market activities have an influence on used as a parking space location located to the north, south
the surrounding traffic conditions. The most prominent and east of the Dondo Market boundary. The existence of
phenomenon that occurs is congestion because market market activities affects traffic performance on Jl. Tj.
activity actors produce roadside obstacles caused by the Keramat Dondo, which when market activities take place
absence of off street parking at the Dondo Market so that produces side road obstacles caused by the absence of off
activity actors park vehicles on the shoulder of the road which street parking at the Dondo Market so that activity actors park
ultimately causes the level of road saturation to exceed vehicles on the shoulder of the road which ultimately causes
capacity, finally making traffic stalled and this is the main the level of road saturation to exceed capacity, ultimately
source of congestion occurs. When this phenomenon occurs, reducing traffic performance on the section. The results also
traffic becomes stalled, this can be seen from the results of show that traffic performance on Jl. Tj. Keramat in the
the analysis above showing that the performance of Jl. Tj. absence of parking activities carried out on the roadside, flow
Keramat in conditions without parking and in the presence of conditions with high speed, drivers can choose the desired
parking results in different traffic performance on the day of speed without obstacles. When there are on-street parking
the survey, where in the absence of parking activities carried activities, traffic performance changes but is stable, but the
out on the road, the flow conditions are at high speed, the speed and movement of vehicles are controlled, the driver is
driver can choose the desired speed without obstacles. When limited in choosing the speed
there is on-street parking, the traffic performance changes but
is stable, but the speed and motion of the vehicle is controlled,
and the driver is restricted in choosing the speed.

REFERENCES
[1]. Abubakar. 1998. Pedoman Perencanaan dan

Pengoperasian Fasilitas Parkir. Jakarta: Direktorat
Jenderal Perhubungan Darat.
[2]. Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat. 1996.
Pedoman Teknis Penyelenggaraan Fasilitas Parkir.
Departemen Perhubungan Republik Indonesia,
Jakarta.
[3]. Hobbs, F.D. 1995. Perencanaan dan Teknik Lalu
Lintas. Yogyakarta: UGM Press.
[4]. Munawar Ahmad. 2004. Manajemen Lalu Lintas
Perkotaan. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Beta Offset.
[5]. Nawawi, Sherly Novita Sari. 2015. Studi Optimalisasi
Perparkiran Dan Pedestrian Di Fakultas Teknik
Jurusan Sipil Universitas Lampung. JRSDd: Lampung
Volume 3 Nomor 1.

Parking Space Demand Study For Dondo Market, Tojo Una-Una District

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Parking Space Demand Study For Dondo Market, Tojo Una-Una District

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Volume 9, Issue 8, August – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24AUG1538

Parking Space Demand Study for Dondo Market,

Abstract:- The current parking space at Dondo Market is I. INTRODUCTION

Fig 1 Research Location

IJISRT24AUG1538 www.ijisrt.com 2595

Table 1 SRP Requirement for Motorcycles in Trade Centres

Accumulation = Ei - Ex + X (1) C = C0 x FCLJ x FCPA x FCHS x FC UK

 Parking Volume III. RESEARCH METHODE

Volume = Nin + X (2) To obtain the existing parking conditions, a direct

IJISRT24AUG1538 www.ijisrt.com 2596

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION  Parking Capacity

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(Monday, 6 May 2024) (Tuesday, 7 May 2024)

Parking Accumulation MC Parking Accumulation LV Parking Accumulation MC Parking Accumulation LV

(Wednesday, 8 May 2024)

Parking Accumulation Sepeda Motor Parking Accumulation Kendaraan Roda Empat

Fig 5 Two-Wheeler Parking Accumulation

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(Monday, 6 May 2024) (Tuesday, 7 May 2024)

Time MC Time LV Time MC Time LV

Fig 6 Parking Duration

Table 2 Vehicle Parking Duration

Table 3 Dondo Market Vehicle Parking Volume

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 Parking Turn Over

Table 4 Parking Turn Over Rate

Table 5 Parking Index

 Parking Space Requirement

Table 6. Size of Parking Space Requirement

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The standard parking space (SRP) for four-wheelers B. Traffic Performance

Table 7 Traffic Volume Around Dondo Market on Monday

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Table 8 Traffic Volume Around Dondo Market on Tuesday

Table 9 Traffic Volume Around Dondo Market on Wednesday

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 Road Capacity  Road Capacity during Market Activities:

 Road Capacity before Market Activity: C = 916,97

C = C0 x FCLJ x FCPA x FCHS x FC UK  Degree of Saturation

Table 13 Degree Saturation (DS) values

 Road Service Level

IJISRT24AUG1538 www.ijisrt.com 2603

Table 14 Road Section Performance Based on Level of Service

From the results of the above analysis, it shows that the

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[1]. Abubakar. 1998. Pedoman Perencanaan dan

IJISRT24AUG1538 www.ijisrt.com 2605

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