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DBMS Labfile

computer fundation lab -3SDFG

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11 views

DBMS Labfile

computer fundation lab -3SDFG

Uploaded by

YOGENDRA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

SHRI RAMSWAROOP MEMORIAL

UNIVERSITY

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

(UCS 3201)

LAB FILE
SESSION: 2024-2025

Submitted By: Submitted To:


MR. Sanjay Name- Saksham Patel
Roll No- 202310101310149
Course- BCA 3C
INDEX

FACULTY
S.NO NAME OF ACTIVITY DATE REMARKS
SIGNATURE

Queries for DDL and DML


1
commands

SQL Queries Using Logical


2 Operators

3 SQL Queries Using SQL Operators

SQL Queries Using Character,


4 Number, Date, and Group
Functions
SQL Queries For Relational
5 Algebra
SQL Queries For Extracting Data
6 From More Than One Table
SQL Queries For Sub Queries,
7 Nested Queries

8 Write Program Of PL/SQL

Concepts for Rollback, Commit,


9 Savepoints & Checkpoints

Create VIEWS, CURSORS And


10
TRIGGERS
Lab Activity 1
 Write the queries for Data Definition and Data Manipulation Language

1. Data Definition Language (DDL) Queries


 CREATE TABLE
Syntax:
CREATE TABLE table_name (
column1 datatype constraint,
column2 datatype constraint,
...
);

Example Query:
CREATE TABLE Employees (
EmployeeID INT PRIMARY KEY,
FirstName VARCHAR(50),
LastName VARCHAR(50),
Salary DECIMAL(10, 2),
DepartmentID INT
);

CREATE TABLE Departments (


DepartmentID INT PRIMARY KEY,
DepartmentName VARCHAR(50)
);

EMPLOYEE TABLE:

DEPARTMENT TABLE:-

 ALTER TABLE
Syntax:
ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD (column_name datatype constraint);
Example Query:
ALTER TABLE Employees
ADD (HireDate DATE);

OUTPUT:

 TRUNCATE TABLE
Syntax:
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;

Example Query:
TRUNCATE TABLE Employees;

OUTPUT:

 DROP TABLE
Syntax:
DROP TABLE table_name;

Example Query:
DROP TABLE Employees;

2. Data Manipulation Language (DML) Queries


 INSERT INTO
Syntax:

INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...)


VALUES (value1, value2, ...);

Example Query:

INSERT INTO Employees (EmployeeID, FirstName, LastName, Salary, HireDate,


DepartmentID)
VALUES
(1, 'John', 'Doe', 50000, '2020-01-15', 10),
(2, 'Jane', 'Smith', 60000, '2019-03-20', 20),
(3, 'Michael', 'Johnson', 55000, '2018-05-10', 30),
(4, 'Alice', 'Brown', 70000, '2021-07-25', 10),
(5, 'Emma', 'Davis', 75000, '2020-09-30', 20),

(6, 'David', 'Miller', 65000, '2017-11-13', 30),


(7, 'Sarah', 'Wilson', 80000, '2016-12-05', 20),
(8, 'Chris', 'Moore', 72000, '2021-02-18', 10),
(9, 'Sophia', 'Taylor', 53000, '2019-07-22', 30),
(10, 'Daniel', 'Thomas', 58000, '2022-03-03', 10),
(11, 'Julius', 'Nova', 65000, '2022-08-25', 20);

INSERT INTO Departments (DepartmentID, DepartmentName)


VALUES
(10, 'HR'),
(20, 'Finance'),
(30, 'Engineering');

OUTPUT:-

EMPLOYEES TABLE

DEPARTMENT TABLE

 UPDATE
Syntax:

UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ...
WHERE condition;

Example Query:

UPDATE Employees
SET Salary = 55000
WHERE EmployeeID = 1;

OUTPUT:-
 DELETE
Syntax:

DELETE FROM table_name


WHERE condition;

Example Query:

DELETE FROM Employees


WHERE EmployeeID = 11;

OUTPUT:-
Lab Activity 2
Write SQL Queries Using Logical Operators
 AND Operator
Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2, ...


FROM table_name
WHERE condition1 AND condition2;

Example Query:

SELECT FirstName, LastName


FROM Employees
WHERE Salary > 50000 AND DepartmentID = 10;

OUTPUT:-

 OR Operator
Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2, ...


FROM table_name
WHERE condition1 OR condition2;

Example Query:

SELECT FirstName, LastName


FROM Employees
WHERE DepartmentID = 10 OR DepartmentID = 20;

OUTPUT:-
 NOT Operator
Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2, ...


FROM table_name
WHERE NOT condition;

Example Query:

SELECT FirstName, LastName


FROM Employees
WHERE NOT DepartmentID = 10;

OUTPUT:-
Lab Activity 3
Write SQL Queries Using SQL Operators
 Comparison Operators
Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2, ...


FROM table_name
WHERE column1 operator value;

Example Query:

SELECT FirstName, LastName


FROM Employees
WHERE Salary > 50000;

OUTPUT:-

 Arithmetic Operators
Syntax:

SELECT column1 + column2 AS result


FROM table_name;

Example Query:

SELECT FirstName, Salary, Salary * 0.1 AS Bonus


FROM Employees;

OUTPUT:-
 String Operators
Syntax:

SELECT CONCAT(coulmn1, ' ', column2) AS concatenated_column


FROM table_name;

Example Query:

SELECT CONCAT(FirstName, ' ', LastName) AS FullName


FROM Employees;

OUTPUT:-
Lab Activity 4
Write SQL Queries Using Character, Number, Date, and Group
Functions

1. Character Functions

 UPPER and LOWER


Syntax:

UPPER(string)
LOWER(string)

Example Query:

SELECT UPPER(FirstName) AS UpperFirstName, LOWER(LastName) AS LowerLastName


FROM Employees;

OUTPUT:-

2. Number Functions

 ROUND
Syntax:

ROUND(number, decimal_places)

Example Query:

SELECT Salary, ROUND(Salary, -3) AS RoundedSalary


FROM Employees;

OUTPUT:-
3. Date Functions

 CURDATE
Syntax:

CURDATE()

Example Query:

SELECT FirstName, HireDate, DATEDIFF(CURDATE(), HireDate) AS DaysEmployed


FROM Employees;

OUTPUT:-

4. Group Functions

 AVERAGE
Syntax:

SELECT AVG(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

Example Query:

SELECT DepartmentID, AVG(Salary) AS AvgSalary


FROM Employees
GROUP BY DepartmentID;

OUTPUT:-
 SUM
Syntax:

SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

Example Query:

-- Sum of all employee salaries


SELECT DepartmentID, SUM(Salary) AS TotalSalaries
FROM Employees
GROUP BY DepartmentID;

OUTPUT:-

 COUNT
Syntax:

SELECT COUNT(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

Example Query:

-- Count the total number of employees


SELECT DepartmentID, COUNT(EmployeeID) AS TotalEmployees
FROM Employees
GROUP BY DepartmentID;

OUTPUT:-

 MIN
Syntax:
SELECT MIN(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

Example Query:

-- Minimum salary among employees


SELECT DepartmentID, MIN(Salary) AS MinimumSalary
FROM Employees
GROUP BY DepartmentID;

OUTPUT:-

 MAX
Syntax:

SELECT MAX(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

Example Query:

-- Maximum salary among employees


SELECT DepartmentID, MAX(Salary) AS MaximumSalary
FROM Employees
GROUP BY DepartmentID;

OUTPUT:-

 FIRST Element By Using LIMIT


Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2, ...


FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name ASC
LIMIT 1;

Example Query:

-- First employee by EmployeeID


SELECT FirstName, LastName
FROM Employees
ORDER BY EmployeeID ASC
LIMIT 1;
OUTPUT:-

 LAST Element By Using LIMIT


Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2, ...


FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name DESC
LIMIT 1;

Example Query:

-- First employee by EmployeeID


SELECT FirstName, LastName
FROM Employees
ORDER BY EmployeeID DESC
LIMIT 1;

OUTPUT:-

 GROUP_CONCAT
Syntax:

SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(column_name SEPARATOR 'separator')


FROM table_name
GROUP BY column_name;

Example Query:

-- List all employees in each department


SELECT DepartmentID, GROUP_CONCAT(FirstName SEPARATOR ', ') AS Employees
FROM Employees
GROUP BY DepartmentID;

OUTPUT:-

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