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20.3.23 Class Notes - Battle of Plataea

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20.3.23 Class Notes - Battle of Plataea

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479BC – Battle of Plataea

Results of Salamis
Q. Why was the battle of Salamis a turning point for the Greco-Persian Wars?
A. The battle of Salamis was a significant turning point for the Greco-Persian
wars because it was the first major victory of Greece. It scared Xerxes off back to
Asia Minor. This gave the Hellenic league hope. It put pressure on the Persian
supply chains. Athens became a naval power for the next century. Themistocles
wanted to pursue the Persians back to Asia Minor. However, the war was not
over as the Persians still had a large army still in Greece.

Battle of Plataea Questions:


1. What “diplomatic move” did the Persian commander make in the months
before the battle? Were they successful?
Mardonius suggested the Athenians detach from the Hellenic League and
join Persia or they would destroy their city. Athens refused, therefore, this
move was not successful.
2. Who were the to Greek leaders at the battle (include the name of the polis
each represented)?
Pausanius, son of Leonidas of Sparta,
3. Why had Mardonius chosen the Plain of Plataea for the site of the battle?
This setting suited the Persian way of fighting which would disadvantage
the Hoplites.
4. What tactic did Mardonius use to try to deprive the Greek forces of water
and supplies?
He poisoned a spring and killed all of the animals.
5. Why did Mardonius order his troops to cross the Asopus River?
Because he thought that the Greeks were retreating.
6. What happened that caused the Persian troops to lose heart and flee back
to their camp?
The Persian troops fled to their camp and got massacred.
7. Paragraph response (c.100-120 words): To what extent do you agree with
Herodotus’ opinion that “Pausanius . . . won the most splendid victory which
history records”?
I partially agree with Herodotus’s opinion that Pausanias won the most splendid
victory which history records. Yes, the conglomerated Greek army led by
Pausanias won a great battle against the Persians. He made smart decisions that
allowed them to win such as not moving their position when the Persian cavalry
harassed them. However, Herodotus was heavily biased toward Greece, as a
Greek himself, exemplified by this outrageous, exaggerated claim about
Pausanias. Herodotus also claimed that the Persian army was much larger than
what historians today said was viable, reaffirming this bias. Therefore, .I partially
agree with the statement Herodotus Made about Pausanius

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